Publications
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A frozen record of density-driven crustal overturn in lava lakes: The example of Kilauea Iki 1959 A frozen record of density-driven crustal overturn in lava lakes: The example of Kilauea Iki 1959
Lava lakes are found at basaltic volcanoes on Earth and other planetary bodies. Density-driven crustal foundering leading to surface renewal occurs repeatedly throughout the life of a lava lake. This process has been observed and described in a qualitative sense, but due to dangerous conditions, no data has been acquired to evaluate the densities of the units involved. Kilauea Iki pit...
Authors
W.K. Stovall, Bruce F. Houghton, A.J.L. Harris, D. A. Swanson
A search in strainmeter data for slow slip associated with triggered and ambient tremor near Parkfield, California A search in strainmeter data for slow slip associated with triggered and ambient tremor near Parkfield, California
We test the hypothesis that, as in subduction zones, slow slip facilitates triggered and ambient tremor in the transform boundary setting of California. Our study builds on the study of Peng et al. (2009) of triggered and ambient tremor near Parkfield, California during time intervals surrounding 31, potentially triggering, M ≥ 7.5 teleseismic earthquakes; waves from 10 of these...
Authors
E.F. Smith, J. Gomberg
Tracking magma volume recovery at Okmok Volcano using GPS and an unscented kalman filter Tracking magma volume recovery at Okmok Volcano using GPS and an unscented kalman filter
Changes beneath a volcano can be observed through position changes in a GPS network, but distinguishing the source of site motion is not always straightforward. The records of continuous GPS sites provide a favorable data set for tracking magma migration. Dense campaign observations usually provide a better spatial picture of the overall deformation field, at the expense of an episodic...
Authors
T. Fournier, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, Peter Cervelli
Numerical models of caldera deformation: Effects of multiphase and multicomponent hydrothermal fluid flow Numerical models of caldera deformation: Effects of multiphase and multicomponent hydrothermal fluid flow
Ground surface displacement (GSD) in large calderas is often interpreted as resulting from magma intrusion at depth. Recent advances in geodetic measurements of GSD, notably interferometric synthetic aperture radar, reveal complex and multifaceted deformation patterns that often require complex source models to explain the observed GSD. Although hydrothermal fluids have been discussed as...
Authors
M. Hutnak, S. Hurwitz, S. E. Ingebritsen, P. A. Hsieh
Photometric changes on Saturn's Titan: Evidence for active cryovolcanism Photometric changes on Saturn's Titan: Evidence for active cryovolcanism
We report infrared spectrophotometric variability on the surface of Saturn's moon Titan detected in images returned by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) onboard the Cassini Saturn Orbiter. The changes were observed at 7°S, 138°W and occurred between October 27, 2005 and January 15, 2006. After that date the surface was unchanged until the most recent observation, March...
Authors
Robert M. Nelson, Lucas W. Kamp, Rosaly Lopes, Dennis L. Matson, Randolph L. Kirk, Bruce W. Hapke, Stephen D. Wall, Mark D. Boryta, Frank E. Leader, William D. Smythe, Karl L. Mitchell, Kevin H. Baines, Ralf Jaumann, Christophe Sotin, Roger N. Clark, Dale P. Cruikshank, Pierre Drossart, Jonathan I. Lunine, Michel Combes, Giancarlo Bellucci, Jean-Pierre Bibring, Fabrizio Capaccioni, Pricilla Cerroni, Angioletta Coradini, Vittorio Formisano, Gianrico Filacchione, Yves Langevin, Thomas B. McCord, Vito Mennella, Philip D. Nicholson, Bruno Sicardy, Patrick G.J. Irwin, John C. Pearl
Diffuse gas emissions at the Ukinrek Maars, Alaska: Implications for magmatic degassing and volcanic monitoring Diffuse gas emissions at the Ukinrek Maars, Alaska: Implications for magmatic degassing and volcanic monitoring
Diffuse CO2 efflux near the Ukinrek Maars, two small volcanic craters that formed in 1977 in a remote part of the Alaska Peninsula, was investigated using accumulation chamber measurements. High CO2 efflux, in many places exceeding 1000 g m−2 d−1, was found in conspicuous zones of plant damage or kill that cover 30,000–50,000 m2 in area. Total diffuse CO2 emission was estimated at 21–44...
Authors
William C. Evans, D. Bergfeld, R. G. McGimsey, A.G. Hunt
Improved prediction and tracking of volcanic ash clouds Improved prediction and tracking of volcanic ash clouds
During the past 30 years, more than 100 airplanes have inadvertently flown through clouds of volcanic ash from erupting volcanoes. Such encounters have caused millions of dollars in damage to the aircraft and have endangered the lives of tens of thousands of passengers. In a few severe cases, total engine failure resulted when ash was ingested into turbines and coating turbine blades...
Authors
Larry G. Mastin, Peter Webley
A guide to differences between stochastic point-source and stochastic finite-fault simulations A guide to differences between stochastic point-source and stochastic finite-fault simulations
Why do stochastic point-source and finite-fault simulation models not agree on the predicted ground motions for moderate earthquakes at large distances? This question was posed by Ken Campbell, who attempted to reproduce the Atkinson and Boore (2006) ground-motion prediction equations for eastern North America using the stochastic point-source program SMSIM (Boore, 2005) in place of the...
Authors
G. M. Atkinson, K. Assatourians, D.M. Boore, K. Campbell, D. Motazedian
Size distribution of submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic margin Size distribution of submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic margin
Assessment of the probability for destructive landslide-generated tsunamis depends on the knowledge of the number, size, and frequency of large submarine landslides. This paper investigates the size distribution of submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic continental slope and rise using the size of the landslide source regions (landslide failure scars). Landslide scars along the...
Authors
J.D. Chaytor, Uri S. ten Brink, A.R. Solow, B.D. Andrews
Microseismicity at the North Anatolian Fault in the Sea of Marmara offshore Istanbul, NW Turkey Microseismicity at the North Anatolian Fault in the Sea of Marmara offshore Istanbul, NW Turkey
The North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) below the Sea of Marmara forms a “seismic gap” where a major earthquake is expected to occur in the near future. This segment of the fault lies between the 1912 Ganos and 1999 İzmit ruptures and is the only NAFZ segment that has not ruptured since 1766. To monitor the microseismic activity at the main fault branch offshore of Istanbul below the...
Authors
Fatih Bulut, Marco Bohnhoff, William L. Ellsworth, Mustafa Aktar, Georg Dresen
Quaternary science reviews Pacific Basin tsunami hazards associated with mass flows in the Aleutian arc of Alaska Quaternary science reviews Pacific Basin tsunami hazards associated with mass flows in the Aleutian arc of Alaska
We analyze mass-flow tsunami generation for selected areas within the Aleutian arc of Alaska using results from numerical simulation of hypothetical but plausible mass-flow sources such as submarine landslides and volcanic debris avalanches. The Aleutian arc consists of a chain of volcanic mountains, volcanic islands, and submarine canyons, surrounded by a low-relief continental shelf...
Authors
Christopher F. Waythomas, Philip Watts, Fengyan Shi, James T. Kirby
Test of a method to calculate near-bank velocity and boundary shear stress Test of a method to calculate near-bank velocity and boundary shear stress
No abstract available.
Authors
Jason W. Kean, Roger A. Kuhnle, J. Dungan Smith, Carlos V. Alonso, Eddy J. Langendoen