Publications
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Estimating seismic site response in Christchurch City (New Zealand) from dense low-cost aftershock arrays Estimating seismic site response in Christchurch City (New Zealand) from dense low-cost aftershock arrays
The Mw 7.1 September 2010 Darfield earthquake, New Zealand, produced widespread damage and liquefaction ~40 km from the epicentre in Christchurch city. It was followed by the even more destructive Mw 6.2 February 2011 Christchurch aftershock directly beneath the city’s southern suburbs. Seismic data recorded during the two large events suggest that site effects contributed to the...
Authors
Anna E. Kaiser, Rafael A. Benites, Angela Chung, A. John Haines, Elizabeth S. Cochran, Bill Fry
Field Reconnaissance Geologic Mapping of the Columbia Hills, Mars: Results from MER Spirit and MRO HiRISE Observations Field Reconnaissance Geologic Mapping of the Columbia Hills, Mars: Results from MER Spirit and MRO HiRISE Observations
Chemical, mineralogic, and lithologic ground truth was acquired for the first time on Mars in terrain units mapped using orbital Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (MRO HiRISE) image data. Examination of several dozen outcrops shows that Mars is geologically complex at meter length scales, the record of its geologic history is well exposed...
Authors
L.S. Crumpler, R. E. Arvidson, S. W. Squyres, T. McCoy, A. Yingst, S. Ruff, W. Farrand, Y. McSween, M. Powell, D. W. Ming, R.V. Morris, J.F. Bell, J. Grant, R. Greeley, D. DesMarais, M. Schmidt, N.A. Cabrol, A. Haldemann, Kevin W. Lewis, A.E. Wang, C. Schroder, D. Blaney, B. Cohen, A. Yen, J. Farmer, Ralf Gellert, E.A. Guinness, K. E. Herkenhoff, J. R. Johnson, G. Klingelhofer, A. McEwen, J. W. Rice, M. Rice, P. deSouza, J. Hurowitz
Map of debris flows caused by rainfall during 1996 in parts of the Reedsport and Deer Head Point quadrangles, Douglas County, southern Coast Range, Oregon Map of debris flows caused by rainfall during 1996 in parts of the Reedsport and Deer Head Point quadrangles, Douglas County, southern Coast Range, Oregon
This 1:12,000-scale map shows an inventory of debris flows caused by rainfall during 1996 in a 94.4 km2 area in the southern Coast Range of Oregon. This map and associated digital data are part of a larger U.S. Geological Survey study of debris flows in the southern Coast Range. Available evidence indicates that the flows were triggered by a rain storm that occurred between November 17...
Authors
Jeffrey A. Coe, John A. Michael, Marianela Mercado Burgos
Human casualties in earthquakes: Modelling and mitigation Human casualties in earthquakes: Modelling and mitigation
Earthquake risk modelling is needed for the planning of post-event emergency operations, for the development of insurance schemes, for the planning of mitigation measures in the existing building stock, and for the development of appropriate building regulations; in all of these applications estimates of casualty numbers are essential. But there are many questions about casualty...
Authors
R.J.S. Spence, E.K.M. So
Hypsometry of Titan Hypsometry of Titan
Cassini RADAR topography data are used to evaluate Titan’s hypsometric profile, and to make comparisons with other planetary bodies. Titan’s hypsogram is unimodal and strikingly narrow compared with the terrestrial planets. To investigate topographic extremes, a novel variant on the classic hypsogram is introduced, with a logarithmic abscissa to highlight mountainous terrain. In such a...
Authors
Ralph D. Lorenz, Elizabeth P. Turtle, Bryan Stiles, Alice Le Gall, Alexander Hayes, Oded Aharonson, Charles A. Wood, Ellen Stofan, Randy Kirk
Seismic calibration shots conducted in 2009 in the Imperial Valley, southern California, for the Salton Seismic Imaging Project (SSIP) Seismic calibration shots conducted in 2009 in the Imperial Valley, southern California, for the Salton Seismic Imaging Project (SSIP)
Rupture of the southern section of the San Andreas Fault, from the Coachella Valley to the Mojave Desert, is believed to be the greatest natural hazard facing California in the near future. With an estimated magnitude between 7.2 and 8.1, such an event would result in violent shaking, loss of life, and disruption of lifelines (freeways, aqueducts, power, petroleum, and communication...
Authors
Janice Murphy, Mark Goldman, Gary Fuis, Michael Rymer, Robert Sickler, Summer Miller, Lesley Butcher, Jason Ricketts, Coyn Criley, Joann Stock, John Hole, Greg Chavez
Slip rate and slip magnitudes of past earthquakes along the Bogd left-lateral strike-slip fault (Mongolia) Slip rate and slip magnitudes of past earthquakes along the Bogd left-lateral strike-slip fault (Mongolia)
We carried out morphotectonic studies along the left-lateral strike-slip Bogd Fault, the principal structure involved in the Gobi-Altay earthquake of 1957 December 4 (published magnitudes range from 7.8 to 8.3). The Bogd Fault is 260 km long and can be subdivided into five main geometric segments, based on variation in strike direction. West to East these segments are, respectively: the...
Authors
M. Rizza, J.-F. Ritz, R. Braucher, R. Vassallo, C. Prentice, Shannon A. Mahan, S. McGill, A. Chauvet, S. Marco, M. Todbileg, S. Demberel, D. Bourles
Liquefaction and other ground failures in Imperial County, California, from the April 4, 2010, El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake Liquefaction and other ground failures in Imperial County, California, from the April 4, 2010, El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake
The Colorado River Delta region of southern Imperial Valley, California, and Mexicali Valley, Baja California, is a tectonically dynamic area characterized by numerous active faults and frequent large seismic events. Significant earthquakes that have been accompanied by surface fault rupture and/or soil liquefaction occurred in this region in 1892 (M7.1), 1915 (M6.3; M7.1), 1930 (M5.7)...
Authors
Timothy P. McCrink, Cynthia L. Pridmore, John C. Tinsley, Robert R. Sickler, Scott J. Brandenberg, Jonathan P. Stewart
Direction of unsaturated flow in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope Direction of unsaturated flow in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope
The distribution of soil moisture in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope is a transient, variably saturated physical process controlled by rainfall characteristics, hillslope geometry, and the hydrological properties of the hillslope materials. The major driving mechanisms for moisture movement are gravity and gradients in matric potential. The latter is solely controlled by gradients...
Authors
Ning Lu, Basak Sener Kaya, Jonathan W. Godt
Developing seismogenic source models based on geologic fault data Developing seismogenic source models based on geologic fault data
Calculating seismic hazard usually requires input that includes seismicity associated with known faults, historical earthquake catalogs, geodesy, and models of ground shaking. This paper will address the input generally derived from geologic studies that augment the short historical catalog to predict ground shaking at time scales of tens, hundreds, or thousands of years (e.g., SSHAC...
Authors
Kathleen M. Haller, Roberto Basili
Comparison of main-shock and aftershock fragility curves developed for New Zealand and US buildings Comparison of main-shock and aftershock fragility curves developed for New Zealand and US buildings
Seismic risk assessment involves the development of fragility functions to express the relationship between ground motion intensity and damage potential. In evaluating the risk associated with the building inventory in a region, it is essential to capture 'actual' characteristics of the buildings and group them so that 'generic building types' can be generated for further analysis of...
Authors
S.R. Uma, H. Ryu, N. Luco, A.B. Liel, M. Raghunandan
Preliminary assessment of channel stability and bed-material transport along Hunter Creek, southwestern Oregon Preliminary assessment of channel stability and bed-material transport along Hunter Creek, southwestern Oregon
This preliminary assessment of (1) bed-material transport in the Hunter Creek basin, (2) historical changes in channel condition, and (3) supplementary data needed to inform permitting decisions regarding instream gravel extraction revealed the following: Along the lower 12.4 km (kilometers) of Hunter Creek from its confluence with the Little South Fork Hunter Creek to its mouth, the...
Authors
Krista L. Jones, J. Rose Wallick, Jim E. O'Connor, Mackenzie K. Keith, Joseph F. Mangano, John C. Risley