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The USGS provides unbiased, objective, and impartial scientific information upon which our audiences, including resource managers, planners, and other entities, rely.
Browse more than 65,000 articles authored by our scientists over the past 100+ year history of the USGS and refine search by topic, location, year, and advanced search.
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The centenary of IAVCEI 1919–2019 and beyond: The people, places, and things of volcano geodesy The centenary of IAVCEI 1919–2019 and beyond: The people, places, and things of volcano geodesy
Over the first century of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior (IAVCEI), volcano geodesy grew from roots as an accidental and incidental system of measurements to an important method for monitoring volcanic activity and forecasting eruptions. The first practitioners in volcano geodesy were experts in other disciplines, and it was not until...
Authors
Michael P. Poland, Elske de Zeeuw-van Dalfsen
Seasonal context of bristly cave crayfish Cambarus setosus habitat use and life history Seasonal context of bristly cave crayfish Cambarus setosus habitat use and life history
Cave crayfishes are important members of groundwater communities, but many cave crayfishes are threatened or endangered. Unfortunately, we lack basic life history and ecological data that are needed for developing conservation plans for most cave crayfishes, especially the role of seasonal and annual fluctuations in structuring populations. Therefore, we determined the seasonal life...
Authors
J.B. Mouser, D.C. Ashley, D.L. Zenter, Shannon K. Brewer
Anaxyrus boreas (boreal toad). Egg predation Anaxyrus boreas (boreal toad). Egg predation
No abstract available..
Authors
Benjamin Lafrance, Nina Moore, David S. Pilliod, Erin L. Muths
A process-model perspective on recent changes in the carbon cycle of North America A process-model perspective on recent changes in the carbon cycle of North America
Continental North America has been found to be a carbon (C) sink over recent decades by multiple studies employing a variety of estimation approaches. However, several key questions and uncertainties remain with these assessments. Here we used results from an ensemble of 19 state-of-the-art dynamic global vegetation models from the TRENDYv9 project to improve these estimates and study...
Authors
Guillermo Murray-Tortarolo, Benjamin Poulter, Rodrigo Vargas, Daniel B. Hayes, Anna M. Michalak, Christopher J. Williams, Lisamarie Windham-Myers, Jonathan Wang, Kimberly Wickland, David Butman, Hanqin Tian, Stephen Sitch, Pierre Friedlingstein, Michael O’Sullivan, Peter Briggs, Vivek Arora, Danielle Lombardozzi, Atul Jain, Wenping Yuan, Roland Seferian, Julia Nabel, Andrea Wiltshire, Almuth Arneth, Sebastian Lienerte, Sonke Zaehle, Vladislov Bastrikov, Daniel Goll, Nicholas Vuichard, Anthony P. Walker, Etushi Kato, Yue Xu, Zhen Zhang, Abishek Chaterjee, Werner A. Kurz
Comparing root cohesion estimates from three models at a shallow landslide in the Oregon Coast Range Comparing root cohesion estimates from three models at a shallow landslide in the Oregon Coast Range
Although accurate root cohesion model estimates are essential to quantify the effect of vegetation roots on shallow slope stability, few means exist to independently validate such model outputs. One validation approach for cohesion estimates is back-calculation of apparent root cohesion at a landslide site with well-documented failure conditions. The catchment named CB1, near Coos Bay...
Authors
Collin Cronkite-Ratcliff, Kevin M. Schmidt, Charlotte Wirion
Seabird vulnerability to oil: Exposure potential, sensitivity, and uncertainty in the northern Gulf of Mexico Seabird vulnerability to oil: Exposure potential, sensitivity, and uncertainty in the northern Gulf of Mexico
The northern Gulf of Mexico (nGoM) is a globally important region for oil extraction and supports a diverse assemblage of marine birds. Due to their frequent contact with surface waters, diverse foraging strategies, and the ease with which oil adheres to feathers, seabirds are particularly susceptible to hydrocarbon contamination. Given the chronic and acute exposure of seabirds to...
Authors
Pamela E. Michael, K. M. Hixson, J.C. Haney, Y.G. Satge, J.S. Gleason, Patrick G.R. Jodice
Microbiome assembly in thawing permafrost and its feedbacks to climate Microbiome assembly in thawing permafrost and its feedbacks to climate
The physical and chemical changes that accompany permafrost thaw directly influence the microbial communities that mediate the decomposition of formerly frozen organic matter, leading to uncertainty in permafrost–climate feedbacks. Although changes to microbial metabolism and community structure are documented following thaw, the generality of post-thaw assembly patterns across...
Authors
Jessica G. Ernakovich, Robyn A. Barbato, Virginia Rich, Christina Schädel, Rebecca E. Hewitt, Stacey Doherty, Emily Whalen, Benjamin Abbott, Jiri Barta, Christina Biasi, Chris Chabot, Jenni Hultman, Christian Knoblauch, Maggie Chui Yim Lau Vetter, Mary-Cathrine Leewis, Susanne Liebner, Rachel Mackelprang, Tullis Onstott, Andreas Richter, Ursel M. E. Schutte, Henri Siljanen, Neslihan Tas, Ina Timling, Tatiana Vishnivetskaya, Mark P. Waldrop, Matthias Winkel
Potential cheatgrass abundance within lightly invaded areas of the Great Basin Potential cheatgrass abundance within lightly invaded areas of the Great Basin
Context Anticipating where an invasive species could become abundant can help guide prevention and control efforts aimed at reducing invasion impacts. Information on potential abundance can be combined with information on the current status of an invasion to guide management towards currently uninvaded locations where the threat of invasion is high. Objectives We aimed to support...
Authors
Helen R. Sofaer, Catherine S. Jarnevich, Erin K. Buchholtz, Brian S. Cade, John T. Abatzoglou, Cameron L. Aldridge, Patrick Comer, Daniel Manier, Lauren E. Parker, Julie A. Heinrichs
Explainable machine learning improves interpretability in the predictive modeling of biological stream conditions in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, USA Explainable machine learning improves interpretability in the predictive modeling of biological stream conditions in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, USA
Anthropogenic alterations have resulted in widespread degradation of stream conditions. To aid in stream restoration and management, baseline estimates of conditions and improved explanation of factors driving their degradation are needed. We used random forests to model biological conditions using a benthic macroinvertebrate index of biotic integrity for small, non-tidal streams...
Authors
Kelly O. Maloney, Claire Buchanan, Rikke Jepsen, Kevin P. Krause, Matthew J. Cashman, Benjamin P. Gressler, John A. Young, Matthias Schmid
Evaluating the effect of nuclear inclusion X (NIX) infections on Pacific razor clam populations Evaluating the effect of nuclear inclusion X (NIX) infections on Pacific razor clam populations
ABSTRACT: Nuclear inclusion X (NIX), the etiological agent of bacterial gill disease in Pacific razor clams Siliqua patula, was associated with host mortality events in coastal Washington State, USA, during the mid-1980s. Ongoing observations of truncated razor clam size distributions in Kalaloch Beach, Washington, raised concerns that NIX continues to impact populations. We conducted a...
Authors
Maya L. Groner, Paul Hershberger, Steven C. Fradkin, Carla M. Conway, Aine C. Hawthorn, Maureen K. Purcell
Exploring metapopulation-scale suppression alternatives for a global invader in a river network experiencing climate change Exploring metapopulation-scale suppression alternatives for a global invader in a river network experiencing climate change
Invasive species can dramatically alter ecosystems, but eradication is difficult, and suppression is expensive once they are established. Uncertainties in the potential for expansion and impacts by an invader can lead to delayed and inadequate suppression, allowing for establishment. Metapopulation viability models can aid in planning strategies to improve responses to invaders and...
Authors
Brian D. Healy, Phaedra E. Budy, Charles B. Yackulic, Brendan P. Murphy, Robert C. Schelly, Mark C. McKinstry
Lake Sturgeon movement after trap and transfer around two dams on the Menominee River, Wisconsin-Michigan Lake Sturgeon movement after trap and transfer around two dams on the Menominee River, Wisconsin-Michigan
Fish behavior after passage or transfer around dams is a critical component in determining whether the goals of these efforts are achieved, but these behaviors are often poorly understood. An elevator was constructed in the lowermost hydroelectric dam on the Menominee River, Wisconsin–Michigan; it is the first elevator specifically designed to capture Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens...
Authors
Daniel A. Isermann, Joshua K. Raabe, Emma G. Easterly, Joshua C. Schulze, Nicholas J. Porter, Daniel J. Dembkowski, Michael C. Donofrio, Darren R. Kramer, Robert F. Elliott