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Volcano Hazards Program

Find U.S. Volcano

There are about 170 potentially active volcanoes in the U.S. The mission of the USGS Volcano Hazards Program is to enhance public safety and minimize social and economic disruption from volcanic unrest and eruption through our National Volcano Early Warning System. We deliver forecasts, warnings, and information about volcano hazards based on a scientific understanding of volcanic behavior.

News

Volcano Watch — A hui hou to a giant of volcanology

Volcano Watch — A hui hou to a giant of volcanology

Photo & Video Chronology — Kīlauea summit monitoring overflight

Photo & Video Chronology — Kīlauea summit monitoring overflight

Volcano Watch — What is the difference between an eruption and an episode?

Volcano Watch — What is the difference between an eruption and an episode?

Publications

Thermal infrared and ultraviolet remote sensing of sulfur dioxide gas emitted during the 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kilauea, Hawaiʻi Thermal infrared and ultraviolet remote sensing of sulfur dioxide gas emitted during the 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kilauea, Hawaiʻi

Ultraviolet (UV) remote sensing is widely used to detect volcanic sulfur dioxide (SO₂) due to its high sensitivity and favorable spatial and temporal resolution. However, significant discrepancies have been reported between ground-based and satellite-based UV observations of dense volcanic plumes. A notable example is the 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kīlauea, where SO₂ emission...
Authors
Andrea Gabrieli, Christoph Kern, Allan Lerner, Vincent J. Realmuto, Simon Carn, Patricia A. Nadeau, Robert Wright, John N. Porter

Osmium isotope constraints on Mauna Loa–Kilauea magmatic connectivity, Island of Hawai‘i Osmium isotope constraints on Mauna Loa–Kilauea magmatic connectivity, Island of Hawai‘i

The Hawaiian volcanic chain exhibits a long-recognized double track of volcanism defined by the Loa and Kea trends, which erupt chemically and isotopically distinct lavas. Mauna Loa and Kīlauea, the two most frequently active volcanoes of the Loa and Kea trends, produce distinct endmember compositions. However, historical periods of compositional convergence have prompted debate...
Authors
Siddhartha Bharadwaj, Kendra J. Lynn, Aaron J. Pietruszka, Frank A. Trusdell, Mukul Sharma

Tephra from Kīlauea’s 2008–2018 lava lake eruption—Proximal deposits and dispersal characteristics Tephra from Kīlauea’s 2008–2018 lava lake eruption—Proximal deposits and dispersal characteristics

A network of ten buckets was established early in the 2008–2018 summit eruption at Kīlauea to collect proximal tephra ejected from the new, informally named the “Overlook crater”; the buckets were emptied on most days of the eruption thereafter. This report summarizes the results of more than 2,400 different sampling intervals (most 1–3 days long) during the eruption, focusing on the...
Authors
Don Swanson, Tim R. Orr, Matthew R. Patrick, Bruce F. Houghton
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