Images

Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes in Katmai National Park, circa 1922. Windy Creek is in the foreground. Following the June 6, 1912 eruption of Novarupta-Katmai, thousands of fumaroles filled the valley for many years. Buried snow fields, glacial streams, and precipitation were converted to steam by the heat trapped in the pyroclastic flow.

Old Faithful Inn, swimming pool, and store, with Beehive Geyser in the foreground, in 1921.

Coso Hot Springs in Coso volanic fields, Feb 4, 1920.

Panorama photos taken of Halemaʻumaʻu lava lake on December 11, 1919, showing the outer ring-shaped lake, the ring-shaped island of tilted crusts along the inner edge, and the central lava lake at Kīlauea's summit. USGS photos by T.A. Jaggar. 

View of the walls of Halemaʻumaʻu during the crater collapse of June 5, 1916, looking northeast from the south side of the crater. The lava lake is visible at the lower left, and the outer crater walls are at the top. The crater rim is just out of frame to the top.

Image of the steam plume that accompanied the start of Mauna Loa’s 1916 eruption on the Southwest Rift Zone. View is from within Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park, with Kīlauea caldera wall visible in the middle of the photo. Photograph by H. Wood and courtesy of University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa Hamilton Library. 

Lassen Peak photographed from the Devastated Area about 4 hours before the explosive eruption of May 22, 1915.

Lassen Peak photographed from the Devastated Area prior to the 1914-1915 eruption that changed the landscape.

Volcanic ash drifts around houses at Katmai after the June 1912 eruption of Novarupta Volcano. Church in the distant background. August 13, 1912.

Horse-drawn carriage on road in Sisson, California, El Monte Hotel in foreground, Mount Shasta in the background. Image courtesy of the Library of Congress.

Geothermal ice cave at Mount Baker's summit formed by melting of a glacier due to increased heat from subsurface magma and fumarole on the surface expelling hot gasses.

Mount Bachelor viewed from the south. Sparks Lake and South Sister visible in the background. Oregon.

Mount Bachelor's east facing ski slopes at sunrise.

Mount Hood dominates the skyline outside of Portland, Oregon on a clear day. An major eruption of Mount Hood would pose a great hazard to the regional economy.

Mount Hood in the not-so-far distance beyond Downtown Portland, Oregon. Photograph taken at the top of the Portland Aerial Tram line on Marquam Hill.

Glacier Peak volcano, Washington reflected in pond below the Whitechuck Glacier, view from the south in late summer.

Visible relief in the hillside exposure is about 800-900 ft. Dusty assemblage deposit occurred approximately between 5100 and 5500 yr B.P. Magma volume of >5 km3, which is a lot for what was probably one eruptive stage. The source lava dome is gone, apparently having disintegrated entirely during extrusion and subsequent glacial interaction.

Hualālai Volcano (center) above Kīholo Bay on Hawai‘i Island's West Coast is flanked by lava flow erupted from the volcano around 1800 (right) and 1859 Mauna Loa flow (left).

CalVO scientist Tom Sisson studies a lava flow in the Harrat Rahat Volcanic Field in Saudi Arabia for an international collaboration with the Saudi Geological Survey to conduct a seismic and volcanic hazard assessment for the volcanic field.

Simulated fractures and subsidence above a widening dike (dark area at bottom) were generated in a small-scale model using a box filled with flour, sugar, and corn meal. The simulated dike (tip is dark area bottom center of photograph) consisted of two linoleum sheets taped together.

Tiltmeters allowed 24-hour monitoring as the information was telemetered back to CVO. Other instruments such as displacement meters for measuring cracks, seismometers for measuring earthquakes, gas sensors for measuring gas concentrations, and magnetometers for measuring the magnetic field, were also used for 24-hour monitoring.