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Volcano Hazard Program images.
Lava falls higher than American Falls at Niagara begin to fill 'Alae Crater on August 5, 1969, following the catastrophic draining on August 4. Renewed fountaining at Mauna Ulu sent lava shown in the photo into 'Alae, starting to refill the crater. Photo taken from same location as the preceding image.
Lava falls higher than American Falls at Niagara begin to fill 'Alae Crater on August 5, 1969, following the catastrophic draining on August 4. Renewed fountaining at Mauna Ulu sent lava shown in the photo into 'Alae, starting to refill the crater. Photo taken from same location as the preceding image.
Lava falls pour into 'Alae Crater at 11 p.m., HST, on August 5, 1969, supplied by a high lava fountain at Mauna Ulu, 600 m (2,000 feet) away. The falls, more than 100 m (330 ft) high and 300 m (1,000 ft) wide, had nearly filled the crater by the time the fountains stopped at 5:45 a.m., August 6.
Lava falls pour into 'Alae Crater at 11 p.m., HST, on August 5, 1969, supplied by a high lava fountain at Mauna Ulu, 600 m (2,000 feet) away. The falls, more than 100 m (330 ft) high and 300 m (1,000 ft) wide, had nearly filled the crater by the time the fountains stopped at 5:45 a.m., August 6.
West end of 'Alae Crater, showing exhumed mezzanine, after catastrophic draining on August 4, 1969.
West end of 'Alae Crater, showing exhumed mezzanine, after catastrophic draining on August 4, 1969.
Graben that drained some of the lava out of 'Alae on August 4, 1969. Photo taken on September 24, 1969. The graben, more than 10 m (30 ft) wide and locally more than 70 m (230 ft) deep, extended 800 m (2,600 ft) east-northeast from 'Alae. and a trough reached 700 m (2,300 ft) farther. It was an older structure but was reactivated during the draining.
Graben that drained some of the lava out of 'Alae on August 4, 1969. Photo taken on September 24, 1969. The graben, more than 10 m (30 ft) wide and locally more than 70 m (230 ft) deep, extended 800 m (2,600 ft) east-northeast from 'Alae. and a trough reached 700 m (2,300 ft) farther. It was an older structure but was reactivated during the draining.
East end of 'Alae Crater after catastrophic draining on August 4, 1969. The entire crater was nearly full of lava erupted in February 1969 and later by Mauna Ulu, most recently on August 3.
East end of 'Alae Crater after catastrophic draining on August 4, 1969. The entire crater was nearly full of lava erupted in February 1969 and later by Mauna Ulu, most recently on August 3.
Pool of lava filling a basin 150 m (500 m) wide at the summit of Mauna Ulu on July 29, 1969. This image and the next two illustrate a process called gas pistoning. The pool is fed by lava rising 50 m (160 ft) in 15 minutes up a fissure 3-7 m (10-25 ft) wide. Bubbling is just starting above the fissure, leading to draining shown in the next image.
Pool of lava filling a basin 150 m (500 m) wide at the summit of Mauna Ulu on July 29, 1969. This image and the next two illustrate a process called gas pistoning. The pool is fed by lava rising 50 m (160 ft) in 15 minutes up a fissure 3-7 m (10-25 ft) wide. Bubbling is just starting above the fissure, leading to draining shown in the next image.
Same view as in previous image, but about 20 seconds later. Now lava is now falling into the fissure, destroying sheets of crust in the process. When the draining was over, lava level had dropped about 50 m (160 ft). Once draining was complete, lava level again began to slowly rise as it was pushed upward by expanding gas bubbles.
Same view as in previous image, but about 20 seconds later. Now lava is now falling into the fissure, destroying sheets of crust in the process. When the draining was over, lava level had dropped about 50 m (160 ft). Once draining was complete, lava level again began to slowly rise as it was pushed upward by expanding gas bubbles.
Close-up of right side of lava pool shown in previous image a few seconds later, showing early stage of gas-piston draining. Pond level has already dropped several meters. During the next 30 seconds the pond level dropped 25-30 m (80-100 ft) as gas escaped from the pond, creating a void immediately filled by the draining lava.
Close-up of right side of lava pool shown in previous image a few seconds later, showing early stage of gas-piston draining. Pond level has already dropped several meters. During the next 30 seconds the pond level dropped 25-30 m (80-100 ft) as gas escaped from the pond, creating a void immediately filled by the draining lava.
It is a good example of what many volcanologists term a Hawaiian fountain.
It is a good example of what many volcanologists term a Hawaiian fountain.
‘Ālo‘i Crater (top) chokes in fume rising from new lava. A slightly sinuous line connecting Mauna Ulu and ‘Ālo‘i is row of spatter cones formed on May 24. View looks west, with trade wind blowing.
‘Ālo‘i Crater (top) chokes in fume rising from new lava. A slightly sinuous line connecting Mauna Ulu and ‘Ālo‘i is row of spatter cones formed on May 24. View looks west, with trade wind blowing.
A series of wide fractures cut across Chain of Craters Road in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park during an eruption of Kīlauea in February 1969. These fractures were related to a "slump block" that developed on the southwest rim of ‘Alae Crater on the volcano's East Rift Zone.
A series of wide fractures cut across Chain of Craters Road in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park during an eruption of Kīlauea in February 1969. These fractures were related to a "slump block" that developed on the southwest rim of ‘Alae Crater on the volcano's East Rift Zone.
Earthquake report card from 1967 containing detailed information of personally observed effects from a M3.9 earthquake at the summit of Kīlauea. HVO staff distributed the report cards to local citizens between 1930 and 1989.
Earthquake report card from 1967 containing detailed information of personally observed effects from a M3.9 earthquake at the summit of Kīlauea. HVO staff distributed the report cards to local citizens between 1930 and 1989.
This orthophoto of Pocket Basin, a hydrothermal explosion crater in Yellowstone National Park's Lower Geyser Basin, was created from aerial photos taken in 1965 that were corrected to have uniform scale for use in geologic mapping.
This orthophoto of Pocket Basin, a hydrothermal explosion crater in Yellowstone National Park's Lower Geyser Basin, was created from aerial photos taken in 1965 that were corrected to have uniform scale for use in geologic mapping.
Shoestring Glacier on Mount St. Helens, viewed from the southeast. Photo from May, 1965.
Shoestring Glacier on Mount St. Helens, viewed from the southeast. Photo from May, 1965.
Seismic Geyser on the east bank of the Firehole River in the Upper Geyser Basin.
Seismic Geyser on the east bank of the Firehole River in the Upper Geyser Basin.
Aerial photo of Mount St. Helens taken from the northeast in September 1964.
Aerial photo of Mount St. Helens taken from the northeast in September 1964.
‘A‘ā flow has just reached the barrier built between KUKi‘i and Kapoho.
‘A‘ā flow has just reached the barrier built between KUKi‘i and Kapoho.
The high front of an advancing ‘A‘ā flow forms the ridge between the papaya orchard and the fountain. The defoliation had occurred by January 16, 1960.
The high front of an advancing ‘A‘ā flow forms the ridge between the papaya orchard and the fountain. The defoliation had occurred by January 16, 1960.
House belonging to the Hongo family set fire by advancing ‘A‘ā in the foreground, 1800 January 16, 1960. Note fountain behind tree near right edge of view.
House belonging to the Hongo family set fire by advancing ‘A‘ā in the foreground, 1800 January 16, 1960. Note fountain behind tree near right edge of view.
A river of ‘A‘ā is pouring from the far side of the cone and moving to the right, hemmed in by the scarp along the Koa‘e fault, visible between the fountain and the right edge of the photo.
A river of ‘A‘ā is pouring from the far side of the cone and moving to the right, hemmed in by the scarp along the Koa‘e fault, visible between the fountain and the right edge of the photo.
Incandescent lava particles can be seen above the fountain between the light and dark steam clouds. Photo looking uprift toward area of vent C, taken at 1000 January 14 by D.H. Richter. Left-hand lava fountain may be vent B.
Incandescent lava particles can be seen above the fountain between the light and dark steam clouds. Photo looking uprift toward area of vent C, taken at 1000 January 14 by D.H. Richter. Left-hand lava fountain may be vent B.