Publications
Filter Total Items: 3187
Lessons in reducing volcano risk Lessons in reducing volcano risk
No abstract available.
Authors
Robert I. Tilling, Peter W. Lipman
Reappraisal of three calcareous nannofossil species: Coccolithus crassus, Toweius magnicrassus, and Toweius callosus Reappraisal of three calcareous nannofossil species: Coccolithus crassus, Toweius magnicrassus, and Toweius callosus
Type material of calcareous nannofossil index species Coccolithus crassus and two geographically widespread species Toweius magnicrassus and T. callosus have been studied by both light and SEM microscopy and morphometric measurements were made. Coccolithus crassus resembles Coccolithus pelagicus but has a raised cycle of elements around the centre of the distal shield. It probably...
Authors
Wuchang Wei, L. Liu, David Bukry
Internal structure of the Sierra Nevada batholith based on specific gravity and gravity measurements Internal structure of the Sierra Nevada batholith based on specific gravity and gravity measurements
About 6,000 specific‐gravity (SG) measurements of samples collected from nearly 200 granitic plutons comprising the central Sierra Nevada batholith yield a SG contour map across the batholith from 36.25° to 38° north latitude. With notable exceptions, SG decreases from values generally greater than 2.7 in the west to less than 2.6 over a few small areas of high‐silica, high‐potassium...
Authors
H.W. Oliver, Bryan Moore, R. F. Sikora
Can rain cause volcanic eruptions? Can rain cause volcanic eruptions?
Volcanic eruptions are renowned for their violence and destructive power. This power comes ultimately from the heat and pressure of molten rock and its contained gases. Therefore we rarely consider the possibility that meteoric phenomena, like rainfall, could promote or inhibit their occurrence. Yet from time to time observers have suggested that weather may affect volcanic activity. In...
Authors
Larry G. Mastin
Chemical analyses of pre-Mazama silicic volcanic rocks, inclusions, and glass separates, Crater Lake, Oregon Chemical analyses of pre-Mazama silicic volcanic rocks, inclusions, and glass separates, Crater Lake, Oregon
No abstract available.
Authors
P. E. Bruggman, C. R. Bacon, J. S. Mee, S. T. Pribble, D. F. Siems
Volcanic activity in Alaska: September 1991-September 1992 Volcanic activity in Alaska: September 1991-September 1992
More than 40 historically active volcanic centers, each consisting of one or more volcanoes, are located on the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands (see map on next page). On average, at least one of these volcanoes erupts each year.
Authors
Game McGimsey
Where lava meets the sea; Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii Where lava meets the sea; Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii
Active volcanoes on the island of Hawai'i provide scientists with exceptional opportunities to observe volcanic phenomena at close range. Such an opportunity occurred on November 24, 1992, when geologists from the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) witnessed spectacular explosive interactions between lava and seawater on the southeast coast of the island. As seawater invaded submarine...
Authors
T. N. Mattox
The Loma Prieta, California, earthquake of October 17, 1989: Preseismic observations The Loma Prieta, California, earthquake of October 17, 1989: Preseismic observations
The October 17, 1989, Loma Prieta, Calif., Ms=7.1 earthquake provided the first opportunity in the history of fault monitoring in the United States to gather multidisciplinary preearthquake data in the near field of an M=7 earthquake. The data obtained include observations on seismicity, continuous strain, long-term ground displacement, magnetic field, and hydrology. The papers in this...
Authors
Malcolm J. S. Johnston, Jean A. Olson, David P. Hill, Anthony C. Fraser-Smith, Arman Bernardi, Robert A. Helliwell, Paul R. McGill, O.G. Villard, Robert J. Mueller, Randall A. White, William L. Ellsworth, Evelyn A. Roeloffs, Alan T. Linde, M. T. Gladwin, R. L. Gwyther, R.H.G. Hart, Michael Lisowski, James C. Savage, William H. Prescott, Jerry L. Svarc, Mark Hunter Murray, P.G. Silver, N. J. Valette-Silver, Olga Kolbek
Volcanic gases create air pollution on the Island of Hawai’i Volcanic gases create air pollution on the Island of Hawai’i
In a handful of molten magma weighing about a pound, there is less than a tenth of an ounce, by weight, of idssolved gas-roughly the same weight as a pinch of table salt. Yet this tiny amount of gas produces spectacular lava foundations hundreds of meters high (see accompanying photograph). The fountain occurs as magma reaches the surface, because dissolved volcanic gases exolve and...
Authors
J. Sutton, T. Elias
Preventing volcanic catastrophe; the U.S. International Volcano Disaster Assistance Program Preventing volcanic catastrophe; the U.S. International Volcano Disaster Assistance Program
When the seismograph began to record the violent earth-shaking caused by yet another eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz volcano in Colombia, no one thought that a few hours later more than 23,000 people would be dead, killed by lahars (volcanic debris flows) in towns and villages several tens of kilometers away from the volcano. Before the fatal eruption the volcano was being monitored by...
Authors
J.W. Ewert, T.L. Murray, A. B. Lockhart, C.D. Miller
The danger of collapsing lava domes; lessons for Mount Hood, Oregon The danger of collapsing lava domes; lessons for Mount Hood, Oregon
Nestled in the crater of Oregon's majestic Mount Hood volcano is Crater Rock, a prominent feature known to thousands of skiers, climbers, and tourists who journey each year to the famous Timberline Lodge located high on the volcano's south flank. Crater Rock stands about 100m above the sloping crater floor and warm fumaroles along its base emit sulfur gases and a faint steam plume that...
Authors
S.R. Brantley, W. E. Scott