Alex is fascinated in how little decisions we make in our day-to-day lives can add up to big changes in our water supply and its quality. His research broadly focuses on interactions between land use and water quality in Maryland and Delaware. Currently Alex is summarizing groundwater quality changes from 1980-present and agronomic practices in the Chesapeake Bay watershed
Alex Soroka is a physical scientist at the USGS Maryland-Delaware-DC Water Science Center in Baltimore, Maryland, where his work primarily focuses on the interactions between agricultural practices and water quality. He earned a Bachelor of Science in Environmental Science at the State University of New York at Oneonta in 2012 and a Master’s degree in Water Science and Policy at the University of Delaware in 2015. His thesis work investigated fertilization rates and nutrient uptake for high yielding irrigated grain corn and involved a combination of agronomy and hydrology.
Alex found a home in soil fertility research as a Master’s student advised by Dr. Amy Shober. He contributed to multiple projects involving phosphorous (P) amendments, P transport, cover crop implementation, nutrient uptake by row crops, and irrigation management. In working with extension specialists, Alex learned firsthand of the difficulty that producers face trying to maintain profitability while meeting water quality goals.
Alex began an internship with the USGS in 2014 after his presentation at a field day for local producers caught the eye of USGS scientist Judy Denver. Working out of the Dover, Delaware office, Alex studied the impact of irrigation on nitrogen movement under two corn and soybean fields. In March of 2018, Alex transitioned to a permanent position in the USGS Baltimore office, where he continues to focus on agricultural research. He is also leading a project to develop innovative methods of estimating nitrogen flux into wetlands from grain fields and is coordinating a group of students digitizing agricultural features on the Delmarva peninsula. Alex is also working on linking remote sensing data, such as NDVI, with water quality.
Professional Experience
2018-Present Physical Scientist, USGS MD-DE-DC Water Science Center, MD
2016-2017 Pathways Physical Scientist Intern, USGS Dover office, DE
2013-2016 Teaching and Research assistant, University of Delaware, DE
2011-2012 Teaching assistant, SUNY Oneonta, NY
2010 Research Experience for Undergrad (REU) intern, Hubbard Brook, NH
Education and Certifications
MS - Water Science and Policy, University of Delaware - 2016
Thesis: Effects of In-Season Fertilizer Strategies on the Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Irrigated Corn
BS - Environmental Science, State University of New York at Oneota - 2012
Science and Products
USGS calculates loads and trends through 2021 for the nine major rivers entering Chesapeake Bay
Summarizing Scientific Findings for Common Stakeholder Questions to Inform Nutrient and Sediment Management Activities in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed
Updated 2020 Nutrient and Suspended-Sediment Trends for the Nine Major Rivers Entering the Chesapeake Bay
Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model archive used to simulate water budget components in Pennsylvania and Maryland, 2000-2020
Nitrogen flux estimates in support of Chesapeake Bay Hypoxia and Anoxia forecasts, 1985-2020
Chemistry analysis results for groundwater, soil-pore water, soil and plant material collected from two agricultural sites in the Nanticoke and Chester River watersheds on the Delmarva Peninsula from 2013 to 2016.
Hydrogeologic characterization of Area B, Fort Detrick, Maryland
Near real-time detection of winter cover crop termination using harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) to support ecosystem assessment
Remote sensing evaluation of winter cover crop springtime performance and the impact of delayed termination
Nitrogen in the Chesapeake Bay watershed—A century of change, 1950–2050
Estimating the effect of winter cover crops on nitrogen leaching using cost-share enrollment data, satellite remote sensing, and Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) modeling
Monitoring the water-quality response of agricultural conservation practices in the Bucks Branch watershed, Sussex County, Delaware, 2014–16
Science and Products
- Science
USGS calculates loads and trends through 2021 for the nine major rivers entering Chesapeake Bay
Issue: The amount of nutrients and suspended sediment entering the Chesapeake Bay affect water-quality conditions in tidal waters. Excess nutrients contribute to algal blooms that lower the oxygen levels in tidal waters that are important for fish and shellfish. The algal blooms, along with suspended sediment, also decrease visibility in shallow waters for submerged aquatic grasses. The grasses...Summarizing Scientific Findings for Common Stakeholder Questions to Inform Nutrient and Sediment Management Activities in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed
Issue: The Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) partnership is striving to improve water-quality conditions in the Bay by using a variety of management strategies to reduce nutrient and sediment loads. The partnership uses monitoring results and modeling tools to implement management strategies, relying on the scientific community to synthesize existing information and direct new research to address...Updated 2020 Nutrient and Suspended-Sediment Trends for the Nine Major Rivers Entering the Chesapeake Bay
Issue: The amount of nutrients and suspended sediment entering the Chesapeake Bay affect water-quality conditions in tidal waters. Excess nutrients contribute to algal blooms that lower the oxygen levels in tidal waters that are important for fish and shellfish. The algal blooms, along with suspended sediment, also decrease visibility in shallow waters for submerged aquatic grasses. The grasses... - Data
Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model archive used to simulate water budget components in Pennsylvania and Maryland, 2000-2020
This model archive documents the Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model used to simulate potential recharge for portions of Pennsylvania and Maryland from 2000 to 2021. The Pennsylvania and Maryland SWB model was used to create output at a 250 meter grid scale. Model parameters were adjusted using baseflow estimates from 36 reference watersheds varying in area from 0.37 to 817 square miles. The simulationNitrogen flux estimates in support of Chesapeake Bay Hypoxia and Anoxia forecasts, 1985-2020
Data release includes the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) estimate of spring nitrogen fluxes from nine tributaries to the Chesapeake Bay from 1985 to 2020. Data are presented from tributaries within the USGS River Input Monitoring (RIM) network identified by site numbers: 01491000, 01578310, 01594440, 01646580, 01668000, 01673000, 01674500, 02035000, 02041650. Periods of estimation include January tChemistry analysis results for groundwater, soil-pore water, soil and plant material collected from two agricultural sites in the Nanticoke and Chester River watersheds on the Delmarva Peninsula from 2013 to 2016.
This metadata record documents 8 comma delimitated files that support the USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2018-5020 on field studies in the Bucks Branch watershed and the Andover Branch watershed. Data were collected from two fields at two locations and include: groundwater, soil water, soils and plant tissue chemistry. Data also include sulfur hexafluoride and dissolved gas concentrations u - Publications
Hydrogeologic characterization of Area B, Fort Detrick, Maryland
Groundwater in the karst groundwater system at Area B of Fort Detrick in Frederick County, Maryland, is contaminated with chlorinated solvents from the past disposal of laboratory wastes. In cooperation with U.S. Army Environmental Command and U.S. Army Garrison Fort Detrick, the U.S. Geological Survey performed a 3-year study to refine the conceptual model of groundwater flow in and around Area BAuthorsPhillip J. Goodling, Brandon J. Fleming, John Solder, Alex Soroka, Jeff RaffenspergerNear real-time detection of winter cover crop termination using harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) to support ecosystem assessment
Cover crops are planted to reduce soil erosion, increase soil fertility, and improve watershed management. In the Delmarva Peninsula of the eastern United States, winter cover crops are essential for reducing nutrient and sediment losses from farmland. Cost-share programs have been created to incentivize cover crops to achieve conservation objectives. This program required that cover crops be planAuthorsFeng Gao, Jyoti Jennewein, W. Dean Hively, Alex Soroka, Alison Thieme, Dawn Bradley, Jason Keppler, Steven Mirsky, Uvirkaa AkumagaRemote sensing evaluation of winter cover crop springtime performance and the impact of delayed termination
In 2019, the Maryland Department of Agriculture's Winter Cover Crop Program introduced a delayed termination incentive (after May 1) to promote springtime biomass accumulation. We used satellite imagery calibrated with springtime in situ measurements collected from 2006–2021 (n = 722) to derive biomass estimates for Maryland fields planted to cereal cover crop species (286,200 ha total over two seAuthorsAlison Thieme, W. Dean Hively, Feng Gao, Jyoti Jennewein, Steven Mirsky, Alex Soroka, Jason Keppler, Dawn Bradley, Sergii Skakun, Gregory W. McCartyNitrogen in the Chesapeake Bay watershed—A century of change, 1950–2050
ForewordSustaining the quality of the Nation’s water resources and the health of our diverse ecosystems depends on the availability of sound water-resources data and information to develop effective, science-based policies. Effective management of water resources also brings more certainty and efficiency to important economic sectors. Taken together, these actions lead to immediate and long-term eAuthorsJohn W. Clune, Paul D. Capel, Matthew P. Miller, Douglas A. Burns, Andrew J. Sekellick, Peter R. Claggett, Richard H. Coupe, Rosemary M. Fanelli, Ana Maria Garcia, Jeff Raffensperger, Silvia Terziotti, Gopal Bhatt, Joel D. Blomquist, Kristina G. Hopkins, Jennifer L. Keisman, Lewis C. Linker, Gary W. Shenk, Richard A. Smith, Alex Soroka, James S. Webber, David M. Wolock, Qian ZhangEstimating the effect of winter cover crops on nitrogen leaching using cost-share enrollment data, satellite remote sensing, and Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) modeling
This study employed a novel combination of data (winter cover crop cost-share enrollment records, satellite remote sensing of wintertime vegetation, and results of Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) water quality simulations) to estimate the environmental performance of winter cover crops (WCC) at the watershed scale, from 2008 through 2017, within the Tuckahoe sub-watershed of the Choptank RivAuthorsW. Dean Hively, Sangchul Lee, Ali M. Sadeghi, Gregory W. McCarty, Brian T. Lamb, Alex Soroka, Jason Keppler, In-Young Yeo, Glenn E. MoglenMonitoring the water-quality response of agricultural conservation practices in the Bucks Branch watershed, Sussex County, Delaware, 2014–16
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation and cover crops as conservation practices on water quality in groundwater and streams. Bucks Branch, a stream in the Nanticoke River watershed in southwestern Delaware, was identified as having one of the highest concentrations of nitrate in all surface-water sites sampled by the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and EnviroAuthorsJudith M. Denver, Alex Soroka, Betzaida Reyes, Todd R. Lester, Deborah A. Bringman, Michael S. Brownley