James Winton, Ph.D.

Science and Products

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  September 8, 2014

  Newly Discovered Picornavirus Spread by Baitfish

  Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) contributed to a publication that reports the complete gene sequence of a novel picornavirus isolated from minnows and baitfish in several areas of the United States. The scientists used the molecular sequence and characterization of this virus to determine the evolutionary (phylogenetic) placement in the "family tree" of known fish viruses. The...

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Contaminant Biology, Environmental Health Program, Toxic Substances Hydrology

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  September 8, 2014

  Newly Discovered Picornavirus Spread by Baitfish

  Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) contributed to a publication that reports the complete gene sequence of a novel picornavirus isolated from minnows and baitfish in several areas of the United States. The scientists used the molecular sequence and characterization of this virus to determine the evolutionary (phylogenetic) placement in the "family tree" of known fish viruses. The...

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  March 20, 2017

  Pufferfish mortality data

  In 2010, a mass mortality of pufferfish in Hawaii was dominated by Arothron hispidus showing aberrant neurological behaviors. Using pathology, toxinology, and field surveys, we implicated a series of novel, polar, marine toxins as a likely cause of this mass mortality. Our findings are striking in that 1) a marine toxin was associated with a kill of a fish species that is, itself, toxic; 2) we

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, National Wildlife Health Center, Western Fisheries Research Center, Fish Health Program (FHP)
• Publications
  Filter Total Items: 163

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  November 6, 2021

  Effects of stocking density on stress response and susceptibility to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in rainbow trout

  The goals of this study were to examine the effect of stocking density on the stress response and disease susceptibility in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish were sorted into one of 2 stocking densities (high density "HD", 20-40 kg/m3) or (low density, "LD", 4-8 kg/m3) and 3 stress indices (cortisol levels in serum and water, and neutrophil: lymphocyte (N:L) ratios from blood smea

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Fisheries Program (unpublished), Species Management Research Program, Western Fisheries Research Center, Fish Health Program (FHP)

  October 6, 2020

  Pacific herring Clupea pallasii are not susceptible to vibriosis from Vibrio anguillarum or V. ordalii under laboratory conditions

  The ubiquity of Vibrio spp. throughout the coastal marine waters of the Pacific Northwest of North America raises questions about the susceptibility of native marine fishes, including Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii). Early reports of Vibriolike disease (Rucker et al., 1954; Walford, 1958) and Vibrio sp. isolations (Pacha & Kiehn, 1969) in Pacific herring remain questionable because both occurred

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Fisheries Program (unpublished), Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Species Management Research Program, Western Fisheries Research Center, Fish Health Program (FHP), Marrowstone Marine Field Station (MMFS)

  May 31, 2020

  Consequences of Piscine orthoreovirus genotype 1 (PRV‐1) infections in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ), coho salmon (O. kisutch ) and rainbow trout (O. mykiss )

  Piscine orthoreovirus genotype 1 (PRV‐1) is the causative agent of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). The virus has also been found in Pacific salmonids in western North America, raising concerns about the risk to native salmon and trout. Here, we report the results of laboratory challenges using juvenile Chinook salmon, coho salmon and rainbo

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Fisheries Program (unpublished), Species Management Research Program, Western Fisheries Research Center, Fish Health Program (FHP)

  February 27, 2020

  Increased prespawning mortality threatens an integrated natural- and hatchery-origin sockeye salmon population in the Lake Washington Basin

  The life cycle of diadromous fishes such as salmonids involves natural mortality in a series of distinct life history stages, occurring sequentially in different habitats. Decades of research have emphasized mortality at the embryo, juvenile, and sub-adult stages but it is increasingly clear that some adults that survive and return to freshwater habitats die during the final homeward migration or

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Fisheries Program (unpublished), Species Management Research Program, Western Fisheries Research Center, Fish Health Program (FHP)

  December 27, 2019

  Effect of growth rate on transcriptomic responses to immune stimulation in wild-type, domesticated, and GH-transgenic coho salmon

  Background Transcriptomic responses to immune stimulation were investigated in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) with distinct growth phenotypes. Wild-type fish were contrasted to strains with accelerated growth arising either from selective breeding (i.e. domestication) or genetic modification. Such distinct routes to accelerated growth may have unique implications for relationships and/or trade

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Fisheries Program (unpublished), Species Management Research Program, Western Fisheries Research Center, Fish Health Program (FHP)

  October 1, 2019

  U.S. Geological Survey environmental health science strategy — Providing environmental health science for a changing world

  Executive SummaryAmerica has an abundance of natural resources. We have bountiful clean water, fertile soil, and unrivaled national parks, wildlife refuges, and public lands. These resources enrich our lives and preserve our health and wellbeing. These resources have been maintained because of our history of respect for their value and an enduring commitment to their vigilant protection. Awareness

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, Mercury Research Laboratory

  March 11, 2019

  Complete genome sequences of the index isolates of two genotypes of Pacific salmon paramyxovirus

  We report here the genome sequences of two index strains of Pacific salmon paramyxovirus isolated in 1982 and 1983 from adult salmon in Oregon. The isolates are most closely related to Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus, the type species of the genus Aquaparamyxovirus, but are sufficiently distinct to be considered two genotypes of a novel species.

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Fisheries Program (unpublished), Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Species Management Research Program, Western Fisheries Research Center, Fish Health Program (FHP)

  February 14, 2018

  Development and characterization of two cell lines from gills of Atlantic salmon

  Gill disease in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., causes big losses in the salmon farming industry. Until now, tools to cultivate microorganisms causing gill disease and models to study the gill responses have been lacking. Here we describe the establishment and characterization of two cell lines from the gills of Atlantic salmon. Atlantic salmon gill cell ASG-10 consisted of cells staining for cyt

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Fisheries Program (unpublished), Species Management Research Program, Western Fisheries Research Center, Fish Health Program (FHP)

  February 7, 2018

  Molecular testing of adult Pacific salmon and trout (Oncorhynchus spp.) for several RNA viruses demonstrates widespread distribution of piscine orthoreovirus in Alaska and Washington

  This research was initiated in conjunction with a systematic, multiagency surveillance effort in the United States (U.S.) in response to reported findings of infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) RNA in British Columbia, Canada. In the systematic surveillance study reported in a companion paper, tissues from various salmonids taken from Washington and Alaska were surveyed for ISAV RNA using the U

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Fisheries Program (unpublished), Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Species Management Research Program, Western Fisheries Research Center, Fish Health Program (FHP)

  February 6, 2018

  A systematic surveillance programme for infectious salmon anaemia virus supports its absence in the Pacific Northwest of the United States

  In response to reported findings of infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) in British Columbia (BC), Canada, in 2011, U.S. national, state and tribal fisheries managers and fish health specialists developed and implemented a collaborative ISAV surveillance plan for the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Accordingly, over a 3-1/2-year period, 4,962 salmonids were sampled and successfull

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Fisheries Program (unpublished), Species Management Research Program, Western Fisheries Research Center, Fish Health Program (FHP)

  September 20, 2017

  Isolation and characterization of the fall Chinook aquareovirus

  BackgroundSalmon are paramount to the economy, ecology, and history of the Pacific Northwest. Viruses constitute one of the major threats to salmon health and well-being, with more than twenty known virus species that infect salmon. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of the fall Chinook aquareovirus, a divergent member of the species Aquareovirus B within the family Reoviridae.Me

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Fisheries Program (unpublished), Biological Threats and Invasive Species Research Program, Species Management Research Program, Western Fisheries Research Center, Fish Health Program (FHP)

  May 4, 2017

  Analytical validation of a reverse transcriptase droplet digital PCR (RT-ddPCR) for quantitative detection of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus

  Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is an important pathogen of salmonid fishes. A validated universal reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay that can quantify levels of IHNV in fish tissues has been previously reported. In the present study, we adapted the published set of IHNV primers and probe for use in a reverse-transcriptase droplet digital PCR (RT-ddPCR) assay for

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  Ecosystems Mission Area, Fisheries Program (unpublished), Species Management Research Program, Western Fisheries Research Center, Fish Health Program (FHP)
• News
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  March 1, 2017

  Western Fisheries Science News, February 2017 | Issue 5.2

  In Memoriam — William Toshio Yasutake, 1922–2016

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  October 1, 2014

  Western Fisheries Science News, September 2014 | Issue 2.9

  WFRC Hosts Visiting Scientists from Norway

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  August 1, 2014

  Western Fisheries Science News, July 2014 | Issue 2.7

  WFRC – People’s Republic of China IHN Reference Laboratory Twinning Project

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