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Jonathan Sleeman

Jonathan Sleeman is the Center Director for the U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center.

Dr. Sleeman leads a team to advance wildlife health science for the benefit of animals, humans, and the environment through multidisciplinary research and technical assistance to federal, state, and tribal agencies as well as internationally as a World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) Collaborating Centre. He is also an Adjunct Professor at the University of Wisconsin, School of Veterinary Medicine. He has authored over 60 peer-reviewed publications and several book chapters all on the topics of wildlife and ecosystem health. He is active in various scientific organizations, including the Wildlife Disease Association and Ecohealth International, and serves on the OIE’s Working Group on Wildlife. He is board certified by the American College of Zoological Medicine and received his veterinary degree and master’s degree in zoology from the University of Cambridge, England. Previous positions include Director of the Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Center in Rwanda and Wildlife Veterinarian for the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries.

Professional Experience

  • Aug. 2015 - Present Adjunct Professor, Seoul National University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul, Korea

  • Sept. 2009 - Present Adjunct Professor, Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin

  • May 2009 - Present Center Director, USGS, National Wildlife Health Center

  • March 2005 - May 2009 Wildlife Veterinarian, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries

  • Sept. 2003 - Present Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee

  • Aug. 2001 - Oct. 2009 Adjunct Professor, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic and State University

  • Feb. 2001 - March 2005 Director of Veterinary Services, Wildlife Center of Virginia

  • Nov. 1997 - June 2000 Postdoctoral Fellow/Clinical Instructor, Zoological and Wildlife Medicine, Colorado State University

  • June 1997 - Feb. 1998 Interim Project Director, Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project, Morris Animal Foundation

  • May 1997 - Oct. 1997 Clinical Instructor/Senior Veterinarian for Knoxville Zoo, Zoological Medicine, The University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine

  • July 1995 - April 1997 Field Director, Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Center, Kigali, Rwanda

Education and Certifications

  • 2004 Master of Arts, Zoology, Churchill College, University of Cambridge

  • 1997-2000 Educational Commission for Foreign Veterinary Graduates Certification (DVM equivalency), American Veterinary Medical Association

  • 1989-1992 Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine (Distinction in Pathology, Microbiology and Avian Medicine), University of Cambridge, Department of Veterinary Medicine

  • 1986-1989 Bachelor of Arts, Zoology (Awarded first class honours), Churchill College, University of Cambridge

  • Special Zoological Medicine Training

    1993-1995 Resident, Avian and Zoological Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee

    1992-1993 Intern, Exotic/Zoological Medicine, Coll

Science and Products

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A Northern Fulmar flying in Lower Cook Inlet, Alaska

International Reporting of Wildlife Diseases of Interest

Reporting of wildlife diseases is important to build situational awareness regarding wildlife health, build national and global knowledge capacity, increase coordination among agencies, and integrate wildlife health data into other surveillance frameworks.
By
Ecosystems, Fish & Wildlife Disease, National Wildlife Health Center
link

International Reporting of Wildlife Diseases of Interest

Reporting of wildlife diseases is important to build situational awareness regarding wildlife health, build national and global knowledge capacity, increase coordination among agencies, and integrate wildlife health data into other surveillance frameworks.
Learn More
link
A songbird sitting on a bush

NWHC Historical Timeline

Historical timeline of the work performed by the USGS National Wildlife Health Center from 1973 to 2004.
By
National Wildlife Health Center
link

NWHC Historical Timeline

Historical timeline of the work performed by the USGS National Wildlife Health Center from 1973 to 2004.
Learn More
Filter Total Items: 40

Highly pathogenic avian influenza is an emerging disease threat to wild birds in North America

Prior to the emergence of the A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (Gs/GD) H5N1 influenza A virus, the long-held and well-supported paradigm was that highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks were restricted to poultry, the result of cross-species transmission of precursor viruses from wild aquatic birds that subsequently gained pathogenicity in domestic birds. Therefore, management agencies typicall
By
Ecosystems, Alaska Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Eastern Ecological Science Center

Outside the box: Working with wildlife in biocontainment

Research with captive wildlife in Animal Biosafety Level 2 (ABSL2) and 3 (ABSL3) facilities is becoming increasingly necessary as emerging and re-emerging diseases involving wildlife have increasing impacts on human, animal, and environmental health. Utilizing wildlife species in a research facility often requires outside the box thinking with specialized knowledge, practices, facilities, and equi
By
Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

Implications of zoonoses from hunting and use of wildlife in North American arctic and boreal biomes: Pandemic potential, monitoring, and mitigation

The COVID-19 pandemic has re-focused attention on mechanisms that lead to zoonotic disease spillover and spread. Commercial wildlife trade, and associated markets, are recognized mechanisms for zoonotic disease emergence, resulting in a growing global conversation around reducing human disease risks from spillover associated with hunting, trade, and consumption of wild animals. These discussions a
By
Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

Risks posed by SARS‐CoV‐2 to North American bats during winter fieldwork

The virus that causes COVID‐19 likely evolved in a mammalian host, possibly Old‐World bats, before adapting to humans, raising the question of whether reverse zoonotic transmission to bats is possible. Wildlife management agencies in North America are concerned that the activities they authorize could lead to transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 to bats from humans. A rapid risk assessment conducted in Apri
By
Ecosystems, Eastern Ecological Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center

Animal reservoirs and hosts for emerging alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses

The ongoing global pandemic caused by coronavirus disease has once again demonstrated the role of the family Coronaviridae in causing human disease outbreaks. Because severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was first detected in December 2019, information on its tropism, host range, and clinical manifestations in animals is limited. Given the limited information, data from other coronaviru
By
Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

An ecological and conservation perspective

Natural ecosystems are facing unprecedented threats which directly threaten human well-being through decreases in critical ecosystem services (IPBES 2019). The top five drivers causing the largest global impacts to biodiversity and ecosystem services include: 1) changes in land and sea use; 2) direct exploitation of organisms; 3) climate change; 4) pollution, and 5) invasive alien species (IPBES 2
By
Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

Possibility for reverse zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to free-ranging wildlife: A case study of bats

The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the substantial public health, economic, and societal consequences of virus spillover from a wildlife reservoir. Widespread human transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also presents a new set of challenges when considering viral spillover from people to naïve wildlife and other animal populations. The establishment of new wild
By
Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center, Fort Collins Science Center, John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis

Quarterly wildlife mortality report July 2020

The USGS National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) Quarterly Mortality Report provides brief summaries of epizootic mortality and morbidity events by quarter. The write-ups, highlighting epizootic events and other wildlife disease topics of interest, are published in the Wildlife Disease Association quarterly newsletter. A link is provided in this WDA newsletter to the Wildlife Health Information Sha
By
Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

Assessing the risks posed by SARS-CoV-2 in and via North American bats — Decision framing and rapid risk assessment

The novel β-coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, may pose a threat to North American bat populations if bats are exposed to the virus through interaction with humans, if the virus can subsequently infect bats and be transmitted among them, and if the virus causes morbidity or mortality in bats. Further, if SARS-CoV-2 became established in bat populations, it could possibly serve as a source for new infection
By
Ecosystems, Fish & Wildlife Disease, Eastern Ecological Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center

Eradication of peste des petits ruminants and the wildlife-livestock interface

Growing evidence suggests that multiple wildlife species can be infected with peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), with important consequences for the potential maintenance of PPRV in communities of susceptible hosts, and the threat that PPRV may pose to the conservation of wildlife populations and resilience of ecosystems. Significant knowledge gaps in the epidemiology of PPRV across the rumi
By
Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

Relative vulnerability of female turtles to road mortality

Abstract not supplied at this time
By
Ecosystems, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center

U.S. Geological Survey environmental health science strategy — Providing environmental health science for a changing world

Executive SummaryAmerica has an abundance of natural resources. We have bountiful clean water, fertile soil, and unrivaled national parks, wildlife refuges, and public lands. These resources enrich our lives and preserve our health and wellbeing. These resources have been maintained because of our history of respect for their value and an enduring commitment to their vigilant protection. Awareness
By
Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

Pre-USGS Publications

Sleeman, J. M., Cristol, D. A., White, A. E., Evers, D. C., Gerhold, R. W. & Keel, M. K. Mercury poisoning in a North American river otter (Lontra canadensis). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2010, 46(3): 1035-1039.
Sleeman, J. M., Magura, K., Rohm, J. H., Howell, J. & Murphy, L. A. Hepatic mineral values of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from Virginia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2010, 46(2): 525-531.
Sleeman, J. M., Howell, J. E., Knox, W. M., & Stenger, P. J. Incidence of hemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer is associated with winter and summer climatic conditions. EcoHealth. 2009, 6(1): 11-15.
Sleeman, J. M., Manning, E. J. B., Rohm, J. H., Sims J. P, Sanchez, S., Gerhold, R. W. & Keel, M. K. Johne’s disease in a free-ranging white-tailed deer from Virginia and subsequent surveillance for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2009, 45(1): 201-206.
Sleeman, J. M., Brown, J. D, Steffen, D., Jones, D., Robertson, J. & Holladay, S. Relationships among aural abscesses, organochlorine compounds and vitamin A in free-ranging eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2008, 44(4): 922-929.
Kroenlein, K. R, Sleeman, J. M., Holladay, S., Brown, J. D., Joyner, P. H., Griffin, M., Saunders, G. & Smith, S. A. Inability to induce tympanic squamous metaplasia using organochlorine compounds in vitamin A deficient red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2008, 44(3): 664-669.
Joyner, P. H., Jones, M. P., Ward, D., Gompf, R. E., Zagaya, N. & Sleeman, J. M. Induction and recovery characteristics and cardiopulmonary effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2008, 69(1): 13-22.
Harris, M. C. & Sleeman, J. M. Morbidity and mortality of bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) admitted to the Wildlife Center of Virginia, 1993-2003. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2007, 38(1): 62-66.
Joyner, P. H., Brown, J. D., Holladay, S. & Sleeman, J. M. Characterization of the bacterial microflora of the tympanic cavity of eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) with and without aural abscesses. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2006, 42(4): 859-864.
Joyner, P. H., Shreve, A. A., Spahr, J., Fountain, A. L. & Sleeman, J. M. Phaeohyphomycosis in a free-living eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina carolina). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2006, 42(4): 883-888.
Joyner, P. H., Kelly, S., Shreve, A. A., Snead, S. E., Sleeman, J. M. & Pettit, D. A. West Nile virus in raptors from Virginia during 2003: Clinical, diagnostic and epidemiologic findings. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2006, 42(2): 335-344.
Feldman, S. H., Wimsatt, J., Marchang, R. E., Johnson, A. J., Brown, W., Mitchell, J. & Sleeman, J. M. Novel mycoplasma associated with upper respiratory disease syndrome in free-ranging eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) in Virginia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2006, 42(2): 279-289.
Steen, D. A., Aresco, M. J., Beilke, S. G., Compton, B. W., Condon, E. P., Dodd, Jr., C. K., Forrester, H., Gibbons, J. W., Greene, J. L., Johnson, G., Langen, T. A., Oldham, M. J., Oxier, D. N., Saumure, R. A., Schueler, F. W., Sleeman, J. M., Smith, L.L., Tucker J. K. & Gibbs. J. P. Relative vulnerability of female turtles to road mortality. Animal Conservation. 2006, 9: 269-273.
Adams, C. J., Feldman, S. H. & Sleeman, J. M. Phylogenetic analysis of avian poxviruses among free-ranging birds of Virginia. Avian Diseases. 2005, 49: 601-605.
Sleeman, J. M. Disease risk assessment of African great apes using Geographic Information Systems. EcoHealth. 2005, 2 (3): 222-227.
Richards, J. M., Brown, J. D., Kelly, T. R., Fountain, A. T. & Sleeman, J. M. Absence of detectable Salmonella shedding in free-living reptiles upon admission to the Wildlife Center of Virginia. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2004, 35(4): 562-563.
Brown, J. D., Richards, J. M., Robertson, J., Holladay, S. & Sleeman, J. M. Pathology of aural abscesses in free-living eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2004, 40(4): 704-712.
Kelly, T. R., Sleeman, J. M. & Wrangham, R. Urinalysis in free-living chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) from Kibale National Park, Uganda. The Veterinary Record. 2004, 154(4): 729-730.
Brown, J. D., Sleeman, J. M. & Elvinger, F. Epidemiologic determinants of aural abscessation in free-living eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina) from Virginia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2003, 39(4): 918-921.
Sleeman, J. M., Clyde, V. L., Finnegan, M. V., Ramsay, E. C. & Shires, M. Mammary botryomycosis and mastectomy in an African elephant (Loxodonta africana). The Veterinary Record. 2003, 152(2): 54-55.
Guerrera, W., Sleeman, J. M., Ssebide, B. J., Pace, L., Ichinose, T. Y. & Reif, J. S. Medical survey of the local human population to determine possible health risks to the mountain gorillas of Bwindi Impenetrable Forest National Park, Uganda. International Journal of Primatology. 2003, 24(1): 197-207.
Adams, H. R., Sleeman, J. M., Rwego, I. B. & New. J. C. Self-reported medical survey of humans as a measure of health risk to the chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthhii) of Kibale National Park, Uganda. Oryx-The International Journal of Conservation. 2001, 35(4): 308-312.
Moresco, A., Larsen, R. S., Sleeman, J. M., Wild, M. A. & Gaynor, J. S. Use of naloxone to reverse carfentanil citrate-induced hypoxemia and cardiopulmonary depression in Rocky Mountain wapiti (Cervus elaphus nelsoni). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2001, 32(1): 81-89.
Sleeman, J. M., Keane, J. M., Johnson, J. S., Brown, R. J. & VandeWoude, S. Feline leukemia virus in a captive bobcat. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2001, 37(1): 194-200.
Sleeman, J. M., Meader, L. L., Mudakikwa, A. B., Foster, J. W. & Patton, S. Gastrointestinal parasites of mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei) from the Parc National des Volcans, Rwanda. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2000, 31(3): 322-328.
Kearns, K. S., Sleeman, J. M., Frank, L. A., Munson, L. Zinc-responsive dermatosis in red wolves (Canis rufus). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2000, 31(2): 255-258.
Sleeman, J. M. & Gaynor, J. Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of medetomidine and reversal with atipamezole in desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2000, 31(1): 28-35.
Sleeman, J. M., Cameron, K., Mudakikwa, A. B., Nizeyi, J-B., Anderson, S., Cooper, J. E., Hastings, B., Foster, J. W., Macfie, E. J. & Richardson, H. M. Field anesthesia of free-living mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei) from the Virunga Volcano region, central Africa. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2000, 31(1): 9-14.
Sleeman, J. M. & Widdowson, M-A. Haematological reference values for East African wild ungulates. Research in Veterinary Science. 1993, 54: 261-263.
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New study finds SARS-CoV-2 infection in escaped mink in Utah

Evidence of infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has been found in escaped farmed mink in Utah, according to a new study...

Read Article
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National Wildlife Health Center co-sponsors Climate Change and Wildlife Health Workshop

On January 7-9, 2020, the USGS Northeast Climate Adaption Science Center and the USGS National Wildlife Health Center sponsored a Climate Change and...

Read Article
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Project Examines Emerging Challenges Related to Climate Change, Disease, and Wildlife Health

The USGS National Wildlife Health Center, in partnership with the USGS Climate Adaptation Science Center Network, is leading a one-year project to...

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USGS Statement Regarding Avian Flu Found in Washington State Green-Winged Teal

Some media are reporting that the Asian H5N1 strain of highly pathogenic avian influenza has now entered the United States. This is incorrect.
Read Article

Science and Products

  • Science
    link
    A Northern Fulmar flying in Lower Cook Inlet, Alaska

    International Reporting of Wildlife Diseases of Interest

    Reporting of wildlife diseases is important to build situational awareness regarding wildlife health, build national and global knowledge capacity, increase coordination among agencies, and integrate wildlife health data into other surveillance frameworks.
    By
    Ecosystems, Fish & Wildlife Disease, National Wildlife Health Center
    link

    International Reporting of Wildlife Diseases of Interest

    Reporting of wildlife diseases is important to build situational awareness regarding wildlife health, build national and global knowledge capacity, increase coordination among agencies, and integrate wildlife health data into other surveillance frameworks.
    Learn More
    link
    A songbird sitting on a bush

    NWHC Historical Timeline

    Historical timeline of the work performed by the USGS National Wildlife Health Center from 1973 to 2004.
    By
    National Wildlife Health Center
    link

    NWHC Historical Timeline

    Historical timeline of the work performed by the USGS National Wildlife Health Center from 1973 to 2004.
    Learn More
  • Publications
    Filter Total Items: 40

    Highly pathogenic avian influenza is an emerging disease threat to wild birds in North America

    Prior to the emergence of the A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (Gs/GD) H5N1 influenza A virus, the long-held and well-supported paradigm was that highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks were restricted to poultry, the result of cross-species transmission of precursor viruses from wild aquatic birds that subsequently gained pathogenicity in domestic birds. Therefore, management agencies typicall
    By
    Ecosystems, Alaska Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Eastern Ecological Science Center

    Outside the box: Working with wildlife in biocontainment

    Research with captive wildlife in Animal Biosafety Level 2 (ABSL2) and 3 (ABSL3) facilities is becoming increasingly necessary as emerging and re-emerging diseases involving wildlife have increasing impacts on human, animal, and environmental health. Utilizing wildlife species in a research facility often requires outside the box thinking with specialized knowledge, practices, facilities, and equi
    By
    Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

    Implications of zoonoses from hunting and use of wildlife in North American arctic and boreal biomes: Pandemic potential, monitoring, and mitigation

    The COVID-19 pandemic has re-focused attention on mechanisms that lead to zoonotic disease spillover and spread. Commercial wildlife trade, and associated markets, are recognized mechanisms for zoonotic disease emergence, resulting in a growing global conversation around reducing human disease risks from spillover associated with hunting, trade, and consumption of wild animals. These discussions a
    By
    Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

    Risks posed by SARS‐CoV‐2 to North American bats during winter fieldwork

    The virus that causes COVID‐19 likely evolved in a mammalian host, possibly Old‐World bats, before adapting to humans, raising the question of whether reverse zoonotic transmission to bats is possible. Wildlife management agencies in North America are concerned that the activities they authorize could lead to transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 to bats from humans. A rapid risk assessment conducted in Apri
    By
    Ecosystems, Eastern Ecological Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center

    Animal reservoirs and hosts for emerging alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses

    The ongoing global pandemic caused by coronavirus disease has once again demonstrated the role of the family Coronaviridae in causing human disease outbreaks. Because severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was first detected in December 2019, information on its tropism, host range, and clinical manifestations in animals is limited. Given the limited information, data from other coronaviru
    By
    Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

    An ecological and conservation perspective

    Natural ecosystems are facing unprecedented threats which directly threaten human well-being through decreases in critical ecosystem services (IPBES 2019). The top five drivers causing the largest global impacts to biodiversity and ecosystem services include: 1) changes in land and sea use; 2) direct exploitation of organisms; 3) climate change; 4) pollution, and 5) invasive alien species (IPBES 2
    By
    Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

    Possibility for reverse zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to free-ranging wildlife: A case study of bats

    The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the substantial public health, economic, and societal consequences of virus spillover from a wildlife reservoir. Widespread human transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also presents a new set of challenges when considering viral spillover from people to naïve wildlife and other animal populations. The establishment of new wild
    By
    Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center, Fort Collins Science Center, John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis

    Quarterly wildlife mortality report July 2020

    The USGS National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) Quarterly Mortality Report provides brief summaries of epizootic mortality and morbidity events by quarter. The write-ups, highlighting epizootic events and other wildlife disease topics of interest, are published in the Wildlife Disease Association quarterly newsletter. A link is provided in this WDA newsletter to the Wildlife Health Information Sha
    By
    Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

    Assessing the risks posed by SARS-CoV-2 in and via North American bats — Decision framing and rapid risk assessment

    The novel β-coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, may pose a threat to North American bat populations if bats are exposed to the virus through interaction with humans, if the virus can subsequently infect bats and be transmitted among them, and if the virus causes morbidity or mortality in bats. Further, if SARS-CoV-2 became established in bat populations, it could possibly serve as a source for new infection
    By
    Ecosystems, Fish & Wildlife Disease, Eastern Ecological Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center

    Eradication of peste des petits ruminants and the wildlife-livestock interface

    Growing evidence suggests that multiple wildlife species can be infected with peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), with important consequences for the potential maintenance of PPRV in communities of susceptible hosts, and the threat that PPRV may pose to the conservation of wildlife populations and resilience of ecosystems. Significant knowledge gaps in the epidemiology of PPRV across the rumi
    By
    Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

    Relative vulnerability of female turtles to road mortality

    Abstract not supplied at this time
    By
    Ecosystems, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center

    U.S. Geological Survey environmental health science strategy — Providing environmental health science for a changing world

    Executive SummaryAmerica has an abundance of natural resources. We have bountiful clean water, fertile soil, and unrivaled national parks, wildlife refuges, and public lands. These resources enrich our lives and preserve our health and wellbeing. These resources have been maintained because of our history of respect for their value and an enduring commitment to their vigilant protection. Awareness
    By
    Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center

    Pre-USGS Publications

    Sleeman, J. M., Cristol, D. A., White, A. E., Evers, D. C., Gerhold, R. W. & Keel, M. K. Mercury poisoning in a North American river otter (Lontra canadensis). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2010, 46(3): 1035-1039.
    Sleeman, J. M., Magura, K., Rohm, J. H., Howell, J. & Murphy, L. A. Hepatic mineral values of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from Virginia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2010, 46(2): 525-531.
    Sleeman, J. M., Howell, J. E., Knox, W. M., & Stenger, P. J. Incidence of hemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer is associated with winter and summer climatic conditions. EcoHealth. 2009, 6(1): 11-15.
    Sleeman, J. M., Manning, E. J. B., Rohm, J. H., Sims J. P, Sanchez, S., Gerhold, R. W. & Keel, M. K. Johne’s disease in a free-ranging white-tailed deer from Virginia and subsequent surveillance for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2009, 45(1): 201-206.
    Sleeman, J. M., Brown, J. D, Steffen, D., Jones, D., Robertson, J. & Holladay, S. Relationships among aural abscesses, organochlorine compounds and vitamin A in free-ranging eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2008, 44(4): 922-929.
    Kroenlein, K. R, Sleeman, J. M., Holladay, S., Brown, J. D., Joyner, P. H., Griffin, M., Saunders, G. & Smith, S. A. Inability to induce tympanic squamous metaplasia using organochlorine compounds in vitamin A deficient red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2008, 44(3): 664-669.
    Joyner, P. H., Jones, M. P., Ward, D., Gompf, R. E., Zagaya, N. & Sleeman, J. M. Induction and recovery characteristics and cardiopulmonary effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2008, 69(1): 13-22.
    Harris, M. C. & Sleeman, J. M. Morbidity and mortality of bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) admitted to the Wildlife Center of Virginia, 1993-2003. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2007, 38(1): 62-66.
    Joyner, P. H., Brown, J. D., Holladay, S. & Sleeman, J. M. Characterization of the bacterial microflora of the tympanic cavity of eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) with and without aural abscesses. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2006, 42(4): 859-864.
    Joyner, P. H., Shreve, A. A., Spahr, J., Fountain, A. L. & Sleeman, J. M. Phaeohyphomycosis in a free-living eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina carolina). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2006, 42(4): 883-888.
    Joyner, P. H., Kelly, S., Shreve, A. A., Snead, S. E., Sleeman, J. M. & Pettit, D. A. West Nile virus in raptors from Virginia during 2003: Clinical, diagnostic and epidemiologic findings. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2006, 42(2): 335-344.
    Feldman, S. H., Wimsatt, J., Marchang, R. E., Johnson, A. J., Brown, W., Mitchell, J. & Sleeman, J. M. Novel mycoplasma associated with upper respiratory disease syndrome in free-ranging eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) in Virginia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2006, 42(2): 279-289.
    Steen, D. A., Aresco, M. J., Beilke, S. G., Compton, B. W., Condon, E. P., Dodd, Jr., C. K., Forrester, H., Gibbons, J. W., Greene, J. L., Johnson, G., Langen, T. A., Oldham, M. J., Oxier, D. N., Saumure, R. A., Schueler, F. W., Sleeman, J. M., Smith, L.L., Tucker J. K. & Gibbs. J. P. Relative vulnerability of female turtles to road mortality. Animal Conservation. 2006, 9: 269-273.
    Adams, C. J., Feldman, S. H. & Sleeman, J. M. Phylogenetic analysis of avian poxviruses among free-ranging birds of Virginia. Avian Diseases. 2005, 49: 601-605.
    Sleeman, J. M. Disease risk assessment of African great apes using Geographic Information Systems. EcoHealth. 2005, 2 (3): 222-227.
    Richards, J. M., Brown, J. D., Kelly, T. R., Fountain, A. T. & Sleeman, J. M. Absence of detectable Salmonella shedding in free-living reptiles upon admission to the Wildlife Center of Virginia. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2004, 35(4): 562-563.
    Brown, J. D., Richards, J. M., Robertson, J., Holladay, S. & Sleeman, J. M. Pathology of aural abscesses in free-living eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2004, 40(4): 704-712.
    Kelly, T. R., Sleeman, J. M. & Wrangham, R. Urinalysis in free-living chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) from Kibale National Park, Uganda. The Veterinary Record. 2004, 154(4): 729-730.
    Brown, J. D., Sleeman, J. M. & Elvinger, F. Epidemiologic determinants of aural abscessation in free-living eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina) from Virginia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2003, 39(4): 918-921.
    Sleeman, J. M., Clyde, V. L., Finnegan, M. V., Ramsay, E. C. & Shires, M. Mammary botryomycosis and mastectomy in an African elephant (Loxodonta africana). The Veterinary Record. 2003, 152(2): 54-55.
    Guerrera, W., Sleeman, J. M., Ssebide, B. J., Pace, L., Ichinose, T. Y. & Reif, J. S. Medical survey of the local human population to determine possible health risks to the mountain gorillas of Bwindi Impenetrable Forest National Park, Uganda. International Journal of Primatology. 2003, 24(1): 197-207.
    Adams, H. R., Sleeman, J. M., Rwego, I. B. & New. J. C. Self-reported medical survey of humans as a measure of health risk to the chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthhii) of Kibale National Park, Uganda. Oryx-The International Journal of Conservation. 2001, 35(4): 308-312.
    Moresco, A., Larsen, R. S., Sleeman, J. M., Wild, M. A. & Gaynor, J. S. Use of naloxone to reverse carfentanil citrate-induced hypoxemia and cardiopulmonary depression in Rocky Mountain wapiti (Cervus elaphus nelsoni). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2001, 32(1): 81-89.
    Sleeman, J. M., Keane, J. M., Johnson, J. S., Brown, R. J. & VandeWoude, S. Feline leukemia virus in a captive bobcat. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 2001, 37(1): 194-200.
    Sleeman, J. M., Meader, L. L., Mudakikwa, A. B., Foster, J. W. & Patton, S. Gastrointestinal parasites of mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei) from the Parc National des Volcans, Rwanda. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2000, 31(3): 322-328.
    Kearns, K. S., Sleeman, J. M., Frank, L. A., Munson, L. Zinc-responsive dermatosis in red wolves (Canis rufus). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2000, 31(2): 255-258.
    Sleeman, J. M. & Gaynor, J. Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of medetomidine and reversal with atipamezole in desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2000, 31(1): 28-35.
    Sleeman, J. M., Cameron, K., Mudakikwa, A. B., Nizeyi, J-B., Anderson, S., Cooper, J. E., Hastings, B., Foster, J. W., Macfie, E. J. & Richardson, H. M. Field anesthesia of free-living mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei) from the Virunga Volcano region, central Africa. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2000, 31(1): 9-14.
    Sleeman, J. M. & Widdowson, M-A. Haematological reference values for East African wild ungulates. Research in Veterinary Science. 1993, 54: 261-263.
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