My broad interests are vegetation community dynamics, arid lands ecology and arid lands conservation.
My current research focuses on applying remote sensing and GIS technology to the study of vegetation communities and dynamics in the southeastern Arizona. Recent and on-going projects include: monitoring vegetation response at watershed restoration sites by combining field data with LiDAR and photogrammetry data; tracking temporal changes in cienegas, desert wetlands, using multispectral satellite imagery; and classifying vegetation communities in Saguaro National Park using satellite imagery and LiDAR data.
I worked on several research and management projects with a variety of federal agencies. Highlights include researching the population and distribution of meso-carnivores in the Sierra Nevada with the U.S. Forest Service, restoring off-highway vehicle incursions in the Mojave Desert with the Bureau of Land Management, and monitoring long term vegetation plots in southern Arizona with the National Park Service.
I began as a student contractor with the Western Geographic Science Center of the USGS in April 2014. In September 2015 I joined the USGS as a Pathways Recent Graduate intern.
Education and Certifications
M.S. in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Technology at the University of Arizona in 2014.
B.S. in Zoology from Texas A&M University in 2002.
Science and Products
Tribal Land Vegetation and Watershed Modeling
Aridland Water Harvesting Study
Hydrologic Data Collected at Leaky Weirs, Cienega Ranch, Willcox, AZ (March 2019 - October 2020)
Short Term Vegetation Response Study at Watershed Restoration Structures in Southeastern Arizona, 2015 - 2019
Vegetation Survey of the San Carlos Apache Reservation, Arizona and Surrounding Area (September to November 2017).
Data Release for Analysis of Vegetation Recovery Surrounding a Restored Wetland using the Normalized Difference Infrared Index (NDII) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
Five year analyses of vegetation response to restoration using rock detention structures in southeastern Arizona, United States
A shared vision for enhancing ecological resilience in the U.S. - Mexico borderlands: The Sky Island Restoration Collaborative
Editorial: Combining the science and practice of restoration ecology-Case studies of a grassroots binational restoration collaborative in the Madrean Archipelago Ecoregion (2014- 2019)
Modeling riparian restoration impacts on the hydrologic cycle at the Babacomari Ranch, SE Arizona, USA
Remote sensing analysis of vegetation at the San Carlos Apache Reservation, Arizona and surrounding area
Urban growth and landscape connectivity threats assessment at Saguaro National Park, Arizona, USA
Analysis of vegetation recovery surrounding a restored wetland using the normalized difference infrared index (NDII) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
Comparison of remote sensing indices for monitoring of desert cienegas
Science and Products
- Science
Tribal Land Vegetation and Watershed Modeling
San Carlos Apache Reservation covers 1.8 million acres in east-central Arizona, and has diverse ecosystems and vegetation types that support a natural resource-based economy.Aridland Water Harvesting Study
Most of western North America has been severely grazed by cattle, causing grasslands to deteriorate and desert scrub expansion. Climate in arid and semi-arid regions is often typified by short, intense rainfall events which contribute to short-term flooding and erosion. Associated arroyo cutting occurs when ephemeral creek beds are carved into the floodplain when erratic overland flow occurs; this... - Data
Hydrologic Data Collected at Leaky Weirs, Cienega Ranch, Willcox, AZ (March 2019 - October 2020)
This dataset contains hydrological data collected at a series of leaky weirs on a working ranchland site in a semiarid ecosystem in Cochise County, Arizona, from 2018-2020. Leaky weirs are a type of structure being experimented with by land managers in aridlands to reduce peak flow events and increase recharge to the aquifer. The weirs are constructed of rock cemented into place in areas of exposeShort Term Vegetation Response Study at Watershed Restoration Structures in Southeastern Arizona, 2015 - 2019
This dataset contains vegetation data collected at a variety of watershed restoration sites across southeastern Arizona over 5 years. The semiarid habitats in the Madrean Archipelago Ecoregion, which extends from southern Arizona into northern Mexico, are facing many challenges from climate change to land use change which threaten the ecological and cultural values of the region. Watershed restoraVegetation Survey of the San Carlos Apache Reservation, Arizona and Surrounding Area (September to November 2017).
This zip file contains spatial, descriptive and digital camera image data for a vegetation field dataset collected on the San Carlos Apache Reservation and surrounding area in Arizona, and used for analysis in the associated publication. Data consists of vector point data, vegetation community type, field observations, and digital camera images that correspond with the images in the associated dirData Release for Analysis of Vegetation Recovery Surrounding a Restored Wetland using the Normalized Difference Infrared Index (NDII) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
This dataset contains data used in the associated publication in the International Journal of Remote Sensing. The geodatabase contains four feature classes: AOI, MajorZone, MinorZone, and Green2007. Publication can be found at https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2018.1437297. Publication abstract: Watershed restoration efforts seek to rejuvenate vegetation, biological diversity, and land productivit - Publications
Five year analyses of vegetation response to restoration using rock detention structures in southeastern Arizona, United States
Rock detention structures (RDS) are used in restoration of riparian areas around the world. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of RDS installation on vegetation in terms of species abundance and composition. We present the results from 5 years of annual vegetation sampling which focused on short term non-woody vegetation response within the riparian channel at 3 restoration sitesAuthorsNatalie R. Wilson, Laura M. NormanA shared vision for enhancing ecological resilience in the U.S. - Mexico borderlands: The Sky Island Restoration Collaborative
No abstract available.AuthorsLaura M. Norman, Michele Girard, H. Ron Pulliam, Miguel L. Villarreal, Valer Austin Clark, Aaron D. Flesch, Roy Petrakis, Jeremiah Leibowitz, Deborah Tosline, Kurt Vaughn, Tess Wagner, Caleb Weaver, Trevor Hare, Jose Manuel Perez, Oscar E. Lopez Bujanda, Josiah T. Austin, Carianne Funicelli Campbell, James B. Callegary, Natalie R. Wilson, Jeff Conn, Tom Sisk, Gary L. NabhanEditorial: Combining the science and practice of restoration ecology-Case studies of a grassroots binational restoration collaborative in the Madrean Archipelago Ecoregion (2014- 2019)
The Sky Island Restoration Collaborative (SIRC) is a growing partnership between government agencies, nonprofit organizations, and private landowners in southeast Arizona, the United States, and northern Sonora, Mexico. Starting in 2014 as an experiment to cultivate restoration efforts by connecting people across vocations and nations, SIRC has evolved over 5 years into a flourishing landscape-resAuthorsLaura M. Norman, H. Ronald Pulliam, Michele Girard, Steven M. Buckley, Louise W. Misztal, David Seibert, Carianne Campbell, James B. Callegary, Deborah J. Tosline, Natalie R. Wilson, David Hodges, Jeff Conn, A. Valer Austin-ClarkModeling riparian restoration impacts on the hydrologic cycle at the Babacomari Ranch, SE Arizona, USA
This paper describes coupling field experiments with surface and groundwater modeling to investigate rangelands of SE Arizona, USA using erosion-control structures to augment shallow and deep aquifer recharge. We collected field data to describe the physical and hydrological properties before and after gabions (caged riprap) were installed in an ephemeral channel. The modular finite-difference floAuthorsLaura M. Norman, James B. Callegary, Laurel Lacher, Natalie R. Wilson, Chloé Fandel, Brandon T. Forbes, Tyson SwetnamRemote sensing analysis of vegetation at the San Carlos Apache Reservation, Arizona and surrounding area
Mapping of vegetation types is of great importance to the San Carlos Apache Tribe and their management of forestry and fire fuels. Various remote sensing techniques were applied to classify multitemporal Landsat 8 satellite data, vegetation index, and digital elevation model data. A multitiered unsupervised classification generated over 900 classes that were then recoded to one of the 16 generalizAuthorsLaura M. Norman, Barry R. Middleton, Natalie R. WilsonUrban growth and landscape connectivity threats assessment at Saguaro National Park, Arizona, USA
Urban and exurban expansion results in habitat and biodiversity loss globally. We hypothesize that a coupled-model approach could connect urban planning for future cities with landscape ecology to consider wildland habitat connectivity. Our work combines urban growth simulations with models of wildlife corridors to examine how species will be impacted by development to test this hypothesis. We levAuthorsRyan Perkl, Laura M. Norman, David Mitchell, Mark R. Feller, Garrett Smith, Natalie R. WilsonAnalysis of vegetation recovery surrounding a restored wetland using the normalized difference infrared index (NDII) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
Watershed restoration efforts seek to rejuvenate vegetation, biological diversity, and land productivity at Cienega San Bernardino, an important wetland in southeastern Arizona and northern Sonora, Mexico. Rock detention and earthen berm structures were built on the Cienega San Bernardino over the course of four decades, beginning in 1984 and continuing to the present. Previous research findings sAuthorsNatalie R. Wilson, Laura NormanComparison of remote sensing indices for monitoring of desert cienegas
This research considers the applicability of different vegetation indices at 30 m resolution for mapping and monitoring desert wetland (cienega) health and spatial extent through time at Cienega Creek in southeastern Arizona, USA. Multiple stressors including the risk of decadal-scale drought, the effects of current and predicted global warming, and continued anthropogenic pressures threaten aquatAuthorsNatalie R. Wilson, Laura M. Norman, Miguel L. Villarreal, Leila Gass, Ron Tiller, Andrew Salywon