Paul Kinzel
Paul Kinzel is a Hydrologist with the USGS Water Resources Mission Area.
Education
M.S. in Civil Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, May 1998
B.S. in Environmental Science, State University of New York, Plattsburgh, May 1995
Science and Products
Clear Creek Reservoir Bathymetry
To better characterize the water supply capacity of Clear Creek Reservoir, Chaffee County, Colorado, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Pueblo Board of Water Works and Colorado Mountain College, carried out a bathymetry survey of Clear Creek Reservoir. The equipment and methods used in this study allowed water-resource managers to maintain typical reservoir operations, eliminating...
Filter Total Items: 43
Orthomosaic maps of the Clackamas River, Oregon, produced from images acquired April 16-18, 2024
A Cessna 182 fixed-wing aircraft equipped with a multispectral camera was used to collect aerial imagery of selected river reaches within the Willamette River Integrated Water Science basin in Oregon. On April 16-18, 2024, image acquisition was focused on four reaches of the Clackamas River. Photogrammetry techniques were applied to the images consisting of visible or red, green, and...
Remotely sensed data, field measurements, and MATLAB code used to produce image-derived velocity maps for a reach of the Sacramento River near Glenn, CA, September 16-19, 2024
This data release provides remotely sensed data, field measurements, and MATLAB code associated with an effort to produce image-derived velocity maps for a reach of the Sacramento River in California's Central Valley. Data collection occurred from September 16-19, 2024, and involved cooperators from the Intelligent Robotics Group from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration...
Thermal imagery acquired from an Uncrewed Aerial System (UAS) and hydroacoustic measurements of flow velocity collected along the Sacramento River, California, November, 2023
A reach of the Sacramento River near Glenn, California, was selected as a field site to test a sensor payload developed by the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for estimating surface flow velocities in rivers. The payload, called the River Observing System (RiOS), can be deployed from an uncrewed aircraft system (UAS). RiOS includes visible and...
Unoccupied Aerial System-mounted image velocimetry and Doppler velocity radar data for computation of river velocity and discharge collected at seven locations in Colorado in 2023
A series of field measurements of surface water velocity derived from video and Doppler velocity radar collected by small unoccupied aircraft systems (sUAS) and portable sensors were collected at seven locations in Colorado, USA, during the summer of 2023. The measurements were utilized to compute surface velocity and discharge using the Probability Concept, Large-Scale Particle Image...
Site visit cross section surveys and multispectral image data from gaging stations throughout the Willamette and Delaware River Basins from 2022 and code for Bathymetric Mapping using Gage Records and Image Databases (BaMGRID)
This data release includes cross section survey data collected during site visits to USGS gaging stations located throughout the Willamette and Delaware River Basins and multispectral images of these locations acquired as close in time as possible to the date of each site visit. In addition, MATLAB source code developed for the Bathymetric Mapping using Gage Records and Image Databases...
Helicopter-based videos and orthomosaic maps produced for Integrated Water Science basin riverine study sites, 2022
A Bell 407 helicopter with a gyro-stabilized gimbal was used to collect aerial videos of Integrated Water Science basin riverine study sites in 2022. Videos were collected using both natural color and thermal infrared cameras. These videos were used to determine the feasibility of estimating river surface velocity using aerial imagery. Orthomosaic maps were produced from the natural...
Remotely sensed data from a reach of the Sacramento River near Glenn, California, used to perform Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) within the Robot Operating System (ROS)
This data release provides an example data set to accompany the manuscript titled "A Robot Operating System (ROS) package for mapping flow fields in rivers via Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)", submitted to the journal Software X. This ROS *.bag file contains remotely sensed data acquired during an Uncrewed Aircraft System (UAS) flight along a reach of the Sacramento River near Glenn...
Hydrodynamic model output and image simulation code for evaluating image-based river velocimetry from a case study on the Sacramento River near Glenn, California
This data release includes the data and code used for the paper titled "A framework to facilitate development and testing of image-based river velocimetry algorithms", published in the journal Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. Three *.csv files and five *.m files with MATLAB source code are included below. Each *.csv file contains output from a hydrodynamic model of a reach of the...
Bathymetric and topographic surveys of the Upper Colorado River, May 13, 2021, to July 26, 2023
Bathymetric and topographic surveys were collected along an approximately 47-kilometer reach of the Colorado River beginning at the Pumphouse Recreation site and extending downstream to the USGS streamgage located near the Colorado River Road (Catamount) bridge. The surveys were collected using real-time kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers by USGS personnel...
Cross-section geometry and sediment-size distribution data from the Upper Colorado River, April 6-8, 2022
The U.S. Geological Survey collected geomorphic monitoring data in cooperation with the Upper Colorado River Wild and Scenic Stakeholder Group. This data release contains cross-section geometry and sediment-size distribution data collected from five sites on the Upper Colorado River, Colorado during April 6-8, 2022. The five sites selected for monitoring were located at the Pumphouse...
Model Archive: Simulation of Sediment Transport, Middle Channel of St. Clair River Delta, Michigan
This archive contains results of flow and sediment transport simulations of a reach of the Middle Channel of the St. Clair River delta, Michigan using the iRIC modeling system and the Flow and Sediment Transport with Morphologic Evolution of Channels (FASTMECH) solver. Two hydraulic model simulations were used to determine lateral eddy viscosity and roughness settings. A third simulation...
Hydrographic surveys and acoustic Doppler current profiler measurements collected to monitor fish spawning reef placements, Detroit and St. Clair Rivers, Michigan, September 13-16, 2021 and May 2-5, 2022
The U.S Geological Survey conducted hydrographic surveys from September 13-16, 2021 and May 2-5, 2022 to monitor fish spawning substrate placements (reefs) in the Detroit and St. Clair Rivers, Michigan. This work was conducted as part of a reimbursable agreement with the Environmental Protection Agency to provide technical assistance in areas of concern. A multibeam echosounder was used...
Bathymetry of Clear Creek Reservoir, Chaffee County, Colorado, 2016
To better characterize the water supply capacity of Clear Creek Reservoir, Chaffee County, Colorado, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Pueblo Board of Water Works and Colorado Mountain College, carried out a bathymetry survey of Clear Creek Reservoir. A bathymetry map of the reservoir is presented here with the elevation-surface area and the elevation-volume relations...
Bathymetry of the Hong and Luoc River Junction, Red River Delta, Vietnam, 2010
The U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the Water Resources University in Hanoi, Vietnam, conducted a bathymetric survey of the junction of the Hong and Luoc Rivers. The survey was done to characterize the channel morphology of this delta distributary network and provide input for hydrodynamic and sediment transport models. The survey was carried out in December 2010 using a...
Filter Total Items: 62
A generalized framework for inferring river bathymetry from image-derived velocity fields
Although established techniques for remote sensing of river bathymetry perform poorly in turbid water, image velocimetry can be effective under these conditions. This study describes a framework for mapping both of these attributes: Depths Inferred from Velocities Estimated by Remote Sensing, or DIVERS. The workflow involves linking image-derived velocities to depth via a flow resistance...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel
Mapping river flow from thermal images in approximately real time: Proof of concept on the Sacramento River, California, USA
Image velocimetry has become an effective method of mapping flow conditions in rivers, but this analysis is typically performed in a post-processing mode after data collection is complete. In this study, we evaluated the potential to infer flow velocities in approximately real time as thermal images are being acquired from an uncrewed aircraft system (UAS). The sensitivity of thermal...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel, Michael Dille, Massimo Vespignani, Uland Wong, Isaac E Anderson, Elizabeth Hyde, Christopher L. Gazoorian, Jennifer Marie Cramer
Integrating depth measurements from gaging stations with image archives for spectrally based remote sensing of river bathymetry
Remote sensing can be an effective tool for mapping river bathymetry, but the need for direct measurements to calibrate image-derived depth estimates impedes broader application of this approach. One way to circumvent the need for field campaigns dedicated to calibration is to capitalize upon existing data. In this study, we introduce a framework for Bathymetric Mapping using Gage...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Brandon Overstreet, Paul J. Kinzel
Reach-scale mapping of surface flow velocities from thermal images acquired by an uncrewed aircraft system along the Sacramento River, California, USA
An innovative payload containing a sensitive mid-wave infrared camera was flown on an uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) to acquire thermal imagery along a reach of the Sacramento River, California, USA. The imagery was used as input for an ensemble particle image velocimetry (PIV) algorithm to produce near-continuous maps of surface flow velocity along a reach approximately 1 km in length...
Authors
Paul J. Kinzel, Carl J. Legleiter, Christopher L. Gazoorian
An enhanced and expanded Toolbox for River Velocimetry using Images from Aircraft (TRiVIA)
Detailed, accurate information on flow patterns in river channels can improve understanding of habitat conditions, geomorphic processes, and potential hazards to help inform water management. Data describing flow patterns in river channels can be obtained efficiently via image-based techniques that have become more widely used in recent years as the number of platforms for acquiring...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel
A two-dimensional, reach-scale implementation of space-time image velocimetry (STIV) and comparison to particle image velocimetry (PIV)
Image-based algorithms have become a powerful tool for estimating flow velocities in rivers. In this study, we generalize the space-time image velocimetry (STIV) framework for reach-scale application rather than along a cross section. The new algorithm provides information on both the magnitude and orientation of velocity vectors, and we refer to the algorithm as two-dimensional STIV, or...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel, Frank Engel, Lee R. Harrison, Gregory Hewitt
A framework to facilitate development and testing of image-based river velocimetry algorithms
Image-based methods have compelling, demonstrated potential for characterizing flow fields in rivers, but algorithms like particle image velocimetry (PIV) must be further tested and improved to enable more effective use of these techniques. This paper presents a framework designed for this exact purpose: Simulating Hydraulics and Images for Velocimetry Evaluation and Refinement (SHIVER)...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel
The Toolbox for River Velocimetry using Images from Aircraft (TRiVIA)
Accurate knowledge of the speed at which water moves along a river is essential for understanding ecohydraulic processes and managing natural resources. Measuring flow velocity via remote sensing can be more efficient than conventional field methods, and powerful computational techniques for inferring velocity fields from videos or image time series have been developed. The development...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel
Moving Aircraft River Velocimetry (MARV): Framework and proof-of-concept on the Tanana River
Information on velocity fields in rivers is critical for designing infrastructure, modeling contaminant transport, and assessing habitat. Although non-contact approaches to measuring flow velocity are well established, these methods assume a stationary imaging platform. This study eliminates this constraint by introducing a framework for moving aircraft river velocimetry (MARV). The...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel, Mark Laker, Jeff Conaway
Repeat bathymetric surveys and model simulation of sedimentation processes near fish spawning placements, Detroit and St. Clair Rivers, Michigan
Nine rock-rubble fish spawning placements, or artificial reef complexes, constructed in the Detroit and St. Clair Rivers between 2004 to 2018 were surveyed periodically with multibeam sonar. These serial bathymetric surveys, conducted in 2015, 2018, 2021, and 2022, identified active sand bedform fields impinging two reef complexes: Fighting Island in the Detroit River and Middle Channel...
Authors
Paul J. Kinzel, Gregory W. Kennedy, Taylor Dudunake
Depths inferred from velocities estimated by remote sensing: A flow resistance equation-based approach to mapping multiple river attributes at the reach scale
Remote sensing of flow conditions in stream channels could facilitate hydrologic data collection, particularly in large, inaccessible rivers. Previous research has demonstrated the potential to estimate flow velocities in sediment-laden rivers via particle image velocimetry (PIV). In this study, we introduce a new framework for also obtaining bathymetric information: Depths Inferred from...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel
Surface flow velocities from space: Particle image velocimetry of satellite video of a large, sediment-laden river
Conventional, field-based streamflow monitoring in remote, inaccessible locations such as Alaska poses logistical challenges. Safety concerns, financial considerations, and a desire to expand water-observing networks make remote sensing an appealing alternative means of collecting hydrologic data. In an ongoing effort to develop non-contact methods for measuring river discharge, we...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel
Science and Products
Clear Creek Reservoir Bathymetry
To better characterize the water supply capacity of Clear Creek Reservoir, Chaffee County, Colorado, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Pueblo Board of Water Works and Colorado Mountain College, carried out a bathymetry survey of Clear Creek Reservoir. The equipment and methods used in this study allowed water-resource managers to maintain typical reservoir operations, eliminating...
Filter Total Items: 43
Orthomosaic maps of the Clackamas River, Oregon, produced from images acquired April 16-18, 2024
A Cessna 182 fixed-wing aircraft equipped with a multispectral camera was used to collect aerial imagery of selected river reaches within the Willamette River Integrated Water Science basin in Oregon. On April 16-18, 2024, image acquisition was focused on four reaches of the Clackamas River. Photogrammetry techniques were applied to the images consisting of visible or red, green, and...
Remotely sensed data, field measurements, and MATLAB code used to produce image-derived velocity maps for a reach of the Sacramento River near Glenn, CA, September 16-19, 2024
This data release provides remotely sensed data, field measurements, and MATLAB code associated with an effort to produce image-derived velocity maps for a reach of the Sacramento River in California's Central Valley. Data collection occurred from September 16-19, 2024, and involved cooperators from the Intelligent Robotics Group from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration...
Thermal imagery acquired from an Uncrewed Aerial System (UAS) and hydroacoustic measurements of flow velocity collected along the Sacramento River, California, November, 2023
A reach of the Sacramento River near Glenn, California, was selected as a field site to test a sensor payload developed by the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for estimating surface flow velocities in rivers. The payload, called the River Observing System (RiOS), can be deployed from an uncrewed aircraft system (UAS). RiOS includes visible and...
Unoccupied Aerial System-mounted image velocimetry and Doppler velocity radar data for computation of river velocity and discharge collected at seven locations in Colorado in 2023
A series of field measurements of surface water velocity derived from video and Doppler velocity radar collected by small unoccupied aircraft systems (sUAS) and portable sensors were collected at seven locations in Colorado, USA, during the summer of 2023. The measurements were utilized to compute surface velocity and discharge using the Probability Concept, Large-Scale Particle Image...
Site visit cross section surveys and multispectral image data from gaging stations throughout the Willamette and Delaware River Basins from 2022 and code for Bathymetric Mapping using Gage Records and Image Databases (BaMGRID)
This data release includes cross section survey data collected during site visits to USGS gaging stations located throughout the Willamette and Delaware River Basins and multispectral images of these locations acquired as close in time as possible to the date of each site visit. In addition, MATLAB source code developed for the Bathymetric Mapping using Gage Records and Image Databases...
Helicopter-based videos and orthomosaic maps produced for Integrated Water Science basin riverine study sites, 2022
A Bell 407 helicopter with a gyro-stabilized gimbal was used to collect aerial videos of Integrated Water Science basin riverine study sites in 2022. Videos were collected using both natural color and thermal infrared cameras. These videos were used to determine the feasibility of estimating river surface velocity using aerial imagery. Orthomosaic maps were produced from the natural...
Remotely sensed data from a reach of the Sacramento River near Glenn, California, used to perform Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) within the Robot Operating System (ROS)
This data release provides an example data set to accompany the manuscript titled "A Robot Operating System (ROS) package for mapping flow fields in rivers via Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)", submitted to the journal Software X. This ROS *.bag file contains remotely sensed data acquired during an Uncrewed Aircraft System (UAS) flight along a reach of the Sacramento River near Glenn...
Hydrodynamic model output and image simulation code for evaluating image-based river velocimetry from a case study on the Sacramento River near Glenn, California
This data release includes the data and code used for the paper titled "A framework to facilitate development and testing of image-based river velocimetry algorithms", published in the journal Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. Three *.csv files and five *.m files with MATLAB source code are included below. Each *.csv file contains output from a hydrodynamic model of a reach of the...
Bathymetric and topographic surveys of the Upper Colorado River, May 13, 2021, to July 26, 2023
Bathymetric and topographic surveys were collected along an approximately 47-kilometer reach of the Colorado River beginning at the Pumphouse Recreation site and extending downstream to the USGS streamgage located near the Colorado River Road (Catamount) bridge. The surveys were collected using real-time kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers by USGS personnel...
Cross-section geometry and sediment-size distribution data from the Upper Colorado River, April 6-8, 2022
The U.S. Geological Survey collected geomorphic monitoring data in cooperation with the Upper Colorado River Wild and Scenic Stakeholder Group. This data release contains cross-section geometry and sediment-size distribution data collected from five sites on the Upper Colorado River, Colorado during April 6-8, 2022. The five sites selected for monitoring were located at the Pumphouse...
Model Archive: Simulation of Sediment Transport, Middle Channel of St. Clair River Delta, Michigan
This archive contains results of flow and sediment transport simulations of a reach of the Middle Channel of the St. Clair River delta, Michigan using the iRIC modeling system and the Flow and Sediment Transport with Morphologic Evolution of Channels (FASTMECH) solver. Two hydraulic model simulations were used to determine lateral eddy viscosity and roughness settings. A third simulation...
Hydrographic surveys and acoustic Doppler current profiler measurements collected to monitor fish spawning reef placements, Detroit and St. Clair Rivers, Michigan, September 13-16, 2021 and May 2-5, 2022
The U.S Geological Survey conducted hydrographic surveys from September 13-16, 2021 and May 2-5, 2022 to monitor fish spawning substrate placements (reefs) in the Detroit and St. Clair Rivers, Michigan. This work was conducted as part of a reimbursable agreement with the Environmental Protection Agency to provide technical assistance in areas of concern. A multibeam echosounder was used...
Bathymetry of Clear Creek Reservoir, Chaffee County, Colorado, 2016
To better characterize the water supply capacity of Clear Creek Reservoir, Chaffee County, Colorado, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Pueblo Board of Water Works and Colorado Mountain College, carried out a bathymetry survey of Clear Creek Reservoir. A bathymetry map of the reservoir is presented here with the elevation-surface area and the elevation-volume relations...
Bathymetry of the Hong and Luoc River Junction, Red River Delta, Vietnam, 2010
The U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the Water Resources University in Hanoi, Vietnam, conducted a bathymetric survey of the junction of the Hong and Luoc Rivers. The survey was done to characterize the channel morphology of this delta distributary network and provide input for hydrodynamic and sediment transport models. The survey was carried out in December 2010 using a...
Filter Total Items: 62
A generalized framework for inferring river bathymetry from image-derived velocity fields
Although established techniques for remote sensing of river bathymetry perform poorly in turbid water, image velocimetry can be effective under these conditions. This study describes a framework for mapping both of these attributes: Depths Inferred from Velocities Estimated by Remote Sensing, or DIVERS. The workflow involves linking image-derived velocities to depth via a flow resistance...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel
Mapping river flow from thermal images in approximately real time: Proof of concept on the Sacramento River, California, USA
Image velocimetry has become an effective method of mapping flow conditions in rivers, but this analysis is typically performed in a post-processing mode after data collection is complete. In this study, we evaluated the potential to infer flow velocities in approximately real time as thermal images are being acquired from an uncrewed aircraft system (UAS). The sensitivity of thermal...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel, Michael Dille, Massimo Vespignani, Uland Wong, Isaac E Anderson, Elizabeth Hyde, Christopher L. Gazoorian, Jennifer Marie Cramer
Integrating depth measurements from gaging stations with image archives for spectrally based remote sensing of river bathymetry
Remote sensing can be an effective tool for mapping river bathymetry, but the need for direct measurements to calibrate image-derived depth estimates impedes broader application of this approach. One way to circumvent the need for field campaigns dedicated to calibration is to capitalize upon existing data. In this study, we introduce a framework for Bathymetric Mapping using Gage...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Brandon Overstreet, Paul J. Kinzel
Reach-scale mapping of surface flow velocities from thermal images acquired by an uncrewed aircraft system along the Sacramento River, California, USA
An innovative payload containing a sensitive mid-wave infrared camera was flown on an uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) to acquire thermal imagery along a reach of the Sacramento River, California, USA. The imagery was used as input for an ensemble particle image velocimetry (PIV) algorithm to produce near-continuous maps of surface flow velocity along a reach approximately 1 km in length...
Authors
Paul J. Kinzel, Carl J. Legleiter, Christopher L. Gazoorian
An enhanced and expanded Toolbox for River Velocimetry using Images from Aircraft (TRiVIA)
Detailed, accurate information on flow patterns in river channels can improve understanding of habitat conditions, geomorphic processes, and potential hazards to help inform water management. Data describing flow patterns in river channels can be obtained efficiently via image-based techniques that have become more widely used in recent years as the number of platforms for acquiring...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel
A two-dimensional, reach-scale implementation of space-time image velocimetry (STIV) and comparison to particle image velocimetry (PIV)
Image-based algorithms have become a powerful tool for estimating flow velocities in rivers. In this study, we generalize the space-time image velocimetry (STIV) framework for reach-scale application rather than along a cross section. The new algorithm provides information on both the magnitude and orientation of velocity vectors, and we refer to the algorithm as two-dimensional STIV, or...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel, Frank Engel, Lee R. Harrison, Gregory Hewitt
A framework to facilitate development and testing of image-based river velocimetry algorithms
Image-based methods have compelling, demonstrated potential for characterizing flow fields in rivers, but algorithms like particle image velocimetry (PIV) must be further tested and improved to enable more effective use of these techniques. This paper presents a framework designed for this exact purpose: Simulating Hydraulics and Images for Velocimetry Evaluation and Refinement (SHIVER)...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel
The Toolbox for River Velocimetry using Images from Aircraft (TRiVIA)
Accurate knowledge of the speed at which water moves along a river is essential for understanding ecohydraulic processes and managing natural resources. Measuring flow velocity via remote sensing can be more efficient than conventional field methods, and powerful computational techniques for inferring velocity fields from videos or image time series have been developed. The development...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel
Moving Aircraft River Velocimetry (MARV): Framework and proof-of-concept on the Tanana River
Information on velocity fields in rivers is critical for designing infrastructure, modeling contaminant transport, and assessing habitat. Although non-contact approaches to measuring flow velocity are well established, these methods assume a stationary imaging platform. This study eliminates this constraint by introducing a framework for moving aircraft river velocimetry (MARV). The...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel, Mark Laker, Jeff Conaway
Repeat bathymetric surveys and model simulation of sedimentation processes near fish spawning placements, Detroit and St. Clair Rivers, Michigan
Nine rock-rubble fish spawning placements, or artificial reef complexes, constructed in the Detroit and St. Clair Rivers between 2004 to 2018 were surveyed periodically with multibeam sonar. These serial bathymetric surveys, conducted in 2015, 2018, 2021, and 2022, identified active sand bedform fields impinging two reef complexes: Fighting Island in the Detroit River and Middle Channel...
Authors
Paul J. Kinzel, Gregory W. Kennedy, Taylor Dudunake
Depths inferred from velocities estimated by remote sensing: A flow resistance equation-based approach to mapping multiple river attributes at the reach scale
Remote sensing of flow conditions in stream channels could facilitate hydrologic data collection, particularly in large, inaccessible rivers. Previous research has demonstrated the potential to estimate flow velocities in sediment-laden rivers via particle image velocimetry (PIV). In this study, we introduce a new framework for also obtaining bathymetric information: Depths Inferred from...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel
Surface flow velocities from space: Particle image velocimetry of satellite video of a large, sediment-laden river
Conventional, field-based streamflow monitoring in remote, inaccessible locations such as Alaska poses logistical challenges. Safety concerns, financial considerations, and a desire to expand water-observing networks make remote sensing an appealing alternative means of collecting hydrologic data. In an ongoing effort to develop non-contact methods for measuring river discharge, we...
Authors
Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel