Sheila Murphy
Sheila Murphy is a Research Hydrologist for the USGS Water Resources Mission Area.
Sheila Murphy is a hydrologist who works on assessing and predicting how disturbances (such as wildfire and floods) affect water availability. In 2023 Sheila received a Superior Service Award from the Department of the Interior for making fundamental advancements in understanding the effects that wildfire can have on water supplies.
Science and Products
Connections between Forested and Urban Landscapes and Implications for Water Supply
Downstream communities rely upon forested mountains for high-quality water needed for water supply and agricultural irrigation. However, these forests are vulnerable to disturbances such as wildfire, drought, and flood, and are also affected by air pollution from adjacent urban and agricultural lands. Interactions between forested, urban, and agricultural landscapes can have substantial impacts on...
Water Quality After Wildfire
Wildfires pose a substantial risk to water supplies because they can lead to severe flooding, erosion, and delivery of sediment, nutrients, and metals to rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. The USGS works with federal and state land managers and local water providers to monitor and assess water quality after wildfires in order to help protect our Nation’s water resources.
Trace element concentrations in streambed sediment and aquatic invertebrates in post-wildfire watersheds in the western United States Trace element concentrations in streambed sediment and aquatic invertebrates in post-wildfire watersheds in the western United States
The U.S. Geological Survey is monitoring concentrations of metals and other trace elements in streambed sediment and aquatic invertebrates in post-wildfire watersheds in five western states including California, Oregon, Montana, Colorado and New Mexico. This data release makes available major and minor trace element concentrations in bed sediment and aquatic invertebrates collected from...
Water and sediment geochemistry in the Gallinas Creek Watershed, New Mexico following the Hermits Peak-Calf Canyon fire 2022-2023 Water and sediment geochemistry in the Gallinas Creek Watershed, New Mexico following the Hermits Peak-Calf Canyon fire 2022-2023
This data set was collected throughout the Gallinas watershed in New, Mexico following the Hermit's Peak-Calf Canyon fires on April 6, 2022. The watershed has a history of mining and prospecting, which acts as an additional stressor to post-wildfire water quality and ecosystem health. Water samples were collected immediately post-fire. Water, sediment deposit and bed sediment samples...
Biogeochemical Data from Field Samples and Laboratory Experiments, Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado (2019-2023) Biogeochemical Data from Field Samples and Laboratory Experiments, Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado (2019-2023)
Biogeochemical processes are key drivers of chemical solubility and mobilization. Understanding these processes will lead to improved predictive capabilities and may aid with watershed management decisions. This data release presents results from the Boulder Creek, Colorado watershed, including analyses of water and sediment. From April to August 2019, water samples were collected weekly...
Specific conductance data collected during slug additions Specific conductance data collected during slug additions
Slug additions are often the most accurate method for determining discharge when traditional current meter or acoustic measurements are unreliable because of high turbulence, rocky streambed, shallow or sheet flow, or the stream is physically inaccessible (e.g., under ice or canyon walls) or unsafe to wade (Zellweger et al., 1989, Kilpatrick and Cobb 1984, Ferranti 2015). The slug...
Biological N-cycling data from soils collected along an elevation gradient in the CO Front Range (2018-2019) (ver. 2.0, November 2024) Biological N-cycling data from soils collected along an elevation gradient in the CO Front Range (2018-2019) (ver. 2.0, November 2024)
Atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen (Nr) can impact the soil microbial community structure and function and thus ecosystem processing and export of nutrients. Ecosystem response to atmospheric inputs of nitrogen depends on several factors, including elevational climate conditions (freeze/thaw cycles, precipitation), geology, soil and vegetation type, N speciation and microbial...
Seasonal Atmospheric Nitrate and Ammonium Deposition along an Elevation Gradient in the Colorado Front Range using Ion Exchange Resin Columns (2018-2019) Seasonal Atmospheric Nitrate and Ammonium Deposition along an Elevation Gradient in the Colorado Front Range using Ion Exchange Resin Columns (2018-2019)
Atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen (Nr) due to human activities can have measurable effects on ecosystem processing and export of nutrients, groundwater and surface-water quality. Rates of Nr deposition to lower-elevation forests immediately adjacent to the Denver/Boulder urban area, however, have only recently been measured. The focus of this study was to determine the extent...
Filter Total Items: 60
Emerging investigator series: Post-wildfire sediment geochemical characterization reveals manganese reactivity and a potential link to water quality impairment in the Gallinas Creek watershed, New Mexico Emerging investigator series: Post-wildfire sediment geochemical characterization reveals manganese reactivity and a potential link to water quality impairment in the Gallinas Creek watershed, New Mexico
Water quality post-wildfire is often impaired by increased turbidity and elevated concentrations of elements such as manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe). Precipitation events exacerbate these issues, due in part to increased erosion and transport of sediment from hillslopes to surface water. Both Mn and Fe are major redox-active elements in sediments that drive a variety of biogeochemical...
Authors
Elizabeth Jean Tomaszewski, Sheila F. Murphy, Johanna Blake, Michelle I. Hornberger, Gregory D. Clark
A review of post-wildfire adaptations of surface-water-quality models: Synthesis, gaps, and opportunities A review of post-wildfire adaptations of surface-water-quality models: Synthesis, gaps, and opportunities
As wildfires increasingly affect water-supply watersheds, the demand for models to predict water-quality responses is increasing. This work reviews and synthesizes existing post-wildfire applications of water-quality models in the context of geographic and ecohydrological distribution, hydrologic and water-quality response process representation, model parameterization, model and input...
Authors
Zachary M. Shephard, Trevor Fuess Partridge, Sheila F. Murphy, Michelle A. Walvoord, Brian A. Ebel
Hysteretic response of suspended-sediment in wildfire affected watersheds of the Pacific Northwest and Southern Rocky Mountains Hysteretic response of suspended-sediment in wildfire affected watersheds of the Pacific Northwest and Southern Rocky Mountains
Wildfires can have a profound impact on hydrosedimentary interactions, or the relationship between sediment and runoff, in forested headwater streams. Quantification of sediment-runoff dynamics at the event scale is integral for understanding source areas and transport of suspended-sediment through a watershed following wildfire. Here we used high-frequency turbidity and stream discharge...
Authors
Gregory D. Clark, Sheila F. Murphy, Katherine Skalak, David W. Clow, Garrett Alexander Akie, Kurt D. Carpenter, Sean E. Payne, Brian A. Ebel
Relationship of atmospheric nitrogen deposition to soil nitrogen cycling along an elevation gradient in the Colorado Front Range Relationship of atmospheric nitrogen deposition to soil nitrogen cycling along an elevation gradient in the Colorado Front Range
Microbial processing of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition regulates the retention and mobilization of N in soils, with important implications for water quality. Understanding the links between N deposition, microbial communities, N transformations, and water quality is critical as N deposition shifts toward reduced N and remains persistently high in many regions. Here, we investigated...
Authors
Deborah A. Repert, Ruth C. Heindel, Sheila F. Murphy, Kaitlyn M. Jeanis
Stream discharge determinations using slug additions and specific conductance Stream discharge determinations using slug additions and specific conductance
Stream discharge is often determined by wading the stream and measuring the velocity at fixed widths and depths. However, there are conditions when wading measurements are not safe or the measurements are poor because of high turbulence, rocky streambeds, shallow or sheet flow, aquatic plants, or inaccessibility due to ice. Under these conditions, it is often preferable to determine...
Authors
R. Blaine McCleskey, Robert L. Runkel, Sheila F. Murphy, David A. Roth
An intercomparison of DOC estimated from fDOM sensors in wildfire affected streams of the western United States An intercomparison of DOC estimated from fDOM sensors in wildfire affected streams of the western United States
Wildfires in the western United States (US) have been demonstrated to affect water quality, including dissolved organic carbon (DOC), in streams. Elevated post-wildfire DOC concentration poses a potential risk to drinking water treatment systems. In-stream measurements of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM), a proxy for DOC, have shown potential to detect dynamic changes in DOC...
Authors
Garrett Alexander Akie, David W. Clow, Sheila F. Murphy, Gregory D. Clark, Michael R. Meador, Brian A. Ebel
Science and Products
Connections between Forested and Urban Landscapes and Implications for Water Supply
Downstream communities rely upon forested mountains for high-quality water needed for water supply and agricultural irrigation. However, these forests are vulnerable to disturbances such as wildfire, drought, and flood, and are also affected by air pollution from adjacent urban and agricultural lands. Interactions between forested, urban, and agricultural landscapes can have substantial impacts on...
Water Quality After Wildfire
Wildfires pose a substantial risk to water supplies because they can lead to severe flooding, erosion, and delivery of sediment, nutrients, and metals to rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. The USGS works with federal and state land managers and local water providers to monitor and assess water quality after wildfires in order to help protect our Nation’s water resources.
Trace element concentrations in streambed sediment and aquatic invertebrates in post-wildfire watersheds in the western United States Trace element concentrations in streambed sediment and aquatic invertebrates in post-wildfire watersheds in the western United States
The U.S. Geological Survey is monitoring concentrations of metals and other trace elements in streambed sediment and aquatic invertebrates in post-wildfire watersheds in five western states including California, Oregon, Montana, Colorado and New Mexico. This data release makes available major and minor trace element concentrations in bed sediment and aquatic invertebrates collected from...
Water and sediment geochemistry in the Gallinas Creek Watershed, New Mexico following the Hermits Peak-Calf Canyon fire 2022-2023 Water and sediment geochemistry in the Gallinas Creek Watershed, New Mexico following the Hermits Peak-Calf Canyon fire 2022-2023
This data set was collected throughout the Gallinas watershed in New, Mexico following the Hermit's Peak-Calf Canyon fires on April 6, 2022. The watershed has a history of mining and prospecting, which acts as an additional stressor to post-wildfire water quality and ecosystem health. Water samples were collected immediately post-fire. Water, sediment deposit and bed sediment samples...
Biogeochemical Data from Field Samples and Laboratory Experiments, Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado (2019-2023) Biogeochemical Data from Field Samples and Laboratory Experiments, Boulder Creek Watershed, Colorado (2019-2023)
Biogeochemical processes are key drivers of chemical solubility and mobilization. Understanding these processes will lead to improved predictive capabilities and may aid with watershed management decisions. This data release presents results from the Boulder Creek, Colorado watershed, including analyses of water and sediment. From April to August 2019, water samples were collected weekly...
Specific conductance data collected during slug additions Specific conductance data collected during slug additions
Slug additions are often the most accurate method for determining discharge when traditional current meter or acoustic measurements are unreliable because of high turbulence, rocky streambed, shallow or sheet flow, or the stream is physically inaccessible (e.g., under ice or canyon walls) or unsafe to wade (Zellweger et al., 1989, Kilpatrick and Cobb 1984, Ferranti 2015). The slug...
Biological N-cycling data from soils collected along an elevation gradient in the CO Front Range (2018-2019) (ver. 2.0, November 2024) Biological N-cycling data from soils collected along an elevation gradient in the CO Front Range (2018-2019) (ver. 2.0, November 2024)
Atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen (Nr) can impact the soil microbial community structure and function and thus ecosystem processing and export of nutrients. Ecosystem response to atmospheric inputs of nitrogen depends on several factors, including elevational climate conditions (freeze/thaw cycles, precipitation), geology, soil and vegetation type, N speciation and microbial...
Seasonal Atmospheric Nitrate and Ammonium Deposition along an Elevation Gradient in the Colorado Front Range using Ion Exchange Resin Columns (2018-2019) Seasonal Atmospheric Nitrate and Ammonium Deposition along an Elevation Gradient in the Colorado Front Range using Ion Exchange Resin Columns (2018-2019)
Atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen (Nr) due to human activities can have measurable effects on ecosystem processing and export of nutrients, groundwater and surface-water quality. Rates of Nr deposition to lower-elevation forests immediately adjacent to the Denver/Boulder urban area, however, have only recently been measured. The focus of this study was to determine the extent...
Filter Total Items: 60
Emerging investigator series: Post-wildfire sediment geochemical characterization reveals manganese reactivity and a potential link to water quality impairment in the Gallinas Creek watershed, New Mexico Emerging investigator series: Post-wildfire sediment geochemical characterization reveals manganese reactivity and a potential link to water quality impairment in the Gallinas Creek watershed, New Mexico
Water quality post-wildfire is often impaired by increased turbidity and elevated concentrations of elements such as manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe). Precipitation events exacerbate these issues, due in part to increased erosion and transport of sediment from hillslopes to surface water. Both Mn and Fe are major redox-active elements in sediments that drive a variety of biogeochemical...
Authors
Elizabeth Jean Tomaszewski, Sheila F. Murphy, Johanna Blake, Michelle I. Hornberger, Gregory D. Clark
A review of post-wildfire adaptations of surface-water-quality models: Synthesis, gaps, and opportunities A review of post-wildfire adaptations of surface-water-quality models: Synthesis, gaps, and opportunities
As wildfires increasingly affect water-supply watersheds, the demand for models to predict water-quality responses is increasing. This work reviews and synthesizes existing post-wildfire applications of water-quality models in the context of geographic and ecohydrological distribution, hydrologic and water-quality response process representation, model parameterization, model and input...
Authors
Zachary M. Shephard, Trevor Fuess Partridge, Sheila F. Murphy, Michelle A. Walvoord, Brian A. Ebel
Hysteretic response of suspended-sediment in wildfire affected watersheds of the Pacific Northwest and Southern Rocky Mountains Hysteretic response of suspended-sediment in wildfire affected watersheds of the Pacific Northwest and Southern Rocky Mountains
Wildfires can have a profound impact on hydrosedimentary interactions, or the relationship between sediment and runoff, in forested headwater streams. Quantification of sediment-runoff dynamics at the event scale is integral for understanding source areas and transport of suspended-sediment through a watershed following wildfire. Here we used high-frequency turbidity and stream discharge...
Authors
Gregory D. Clark, Sheila F. Murphy, Katherine Skalak, David W. Clow, Garrett Alexander Akie, Kurt D. Carpenter, Sean E. Payne, Brian A. Ebel
Relationship of atmospheric nitrogen deposition to soil nitrogen cycling along an elevation gradient in the Colorado Front Range Relationship of atmospheric nitrogen deposition to soil nitrogen cycling along an elevation gradient in the Colorado Front Range
Microbial processing of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition regulates the retention and mobilization of N in soils, with important implications for water quality. Understanding the links between N deposition, microbial communities, N transformations, and water quality is critical as N deposition shifts toward reduced N and remains persistently high in many regions. Here, we investigated...
Authors
Deborah A. Repert, Ruth C. Heindel, Sheila F. Murphy, Kaitlyn M. Jeanis
Stream discharge determinations using slug additions and specific conductance Stream discharge determinations using slug additions and specific conductance
Stream discharge is often determined by wading the stream and measuring the velocity at fixed widths and depths. However, there are conditions when wading measurements are not safe or the measurements are poor because of high turbulence, rocky streambeds, shallow or sheet flow, aquatic plants, or inaccessibility due to ice. Under these conditions, it is often preferable to determine...
Authors
R. Blaine McCleskey, Robert L. Runkel, Sheila F. Murphy, David A. Roth
An intercomparison of DOC estimated from fDOM sensors in wildfire affected streams of the western United States An intercomparison of DOC estimated from fDOM sensors in wildfire affected streams of the western United States
Wildfires in the western United States (US) have been demonstrated to affect water quality, including dissolved organic carbon (DOC), in streams. Elevated post-wildfire DOC concentration poses a potential risk to drinking water treatment systems. In-stream measurements of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM), a proxy for DOC, have shown potential to detect dynamic changes in DOC...
Authors
Garrett Alexander Akie, David W. Clow, Sheila F. Murphy, Gregory D. Clark, Michael R. Meador, Brian A. Ebel