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View citations of publications by National Wildlife Health Center scientists since our founding in 1975. Access to full-text is provided where possible.

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Wildlife Disease Case Definitions

Case definitions provide a standardized, science-based set of criteria for diagnosing disease and pathogens. This manual provides case definitions for selected diseases of importance to wildlife in Canada and the United States.

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Additional Resources

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January 1, 2001

Oral chytridiomycosis in the mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa) Oral chytridiomycosis in the mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa)

The chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis was originally reported in wild frog populations in Panama and Australia, and from captive frogs in the U.S. National Zoological Park (Washington, DC). This recently described fungus affects the keratinized epidermis of amphibians and has been implicated as a causative factor in the declines of frog populations. We report here the...

Authors

G. M. Fellers, D. E. Green, J.E. Longcore

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2001

National Wildlife Health Center's Quarterly Mortality Report National Wildlife Health Center's Quarterly Mortality Report

No abstract available.

Authors

Kimberli J.G. Miller, K. Converse, A. Schrader

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2001

Size characteristics of stones ingested by common loons Size characteristics of stones ingested by common loons

Common Loon (Gavia immer) carcasses recovered in New England had more stones of greater combined mass in their stomachs than loons from the southeastern United States. Stones retained in sieves with mesh sizes between 4.75 and 8.00 mm accounted for the greatest percentage (by mass) of grit in loon stomachs. The median longest dimension of the largest single stone in each stomach was 12.5...

Authors

J. Christian Franson, Scott P. Hansen, Mark Pokras, Rose Miconi

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2001

Immune status of free-ranging green turtles with fibropapillomatosis from Hawaii Immune status of free-ranging green turtles with fibropapillomatosis from Hawaii

Cell-mediated and humoral immune status of free-ranging green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Hawaii (USA) with and without fibropapillomatosis (FP) were assessed. Tumored and non-tumored turtles from Kaneohe Bay (KB) on the island of Oahu and from FP-free areas on the west (Kona/Kohala) coast of the island of Hawaii were sampled from April 1998 through February 1999. Turtles on Oahu were...

Authors

Thierry M. Work, Robert Rameyer, George H. Balazs, Carolyn Cray, Sandra P. Chang

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2001

National Wildlife Health Center's Quarterly Mortality Report National Wildlife Health Center's Quarterly Mortality Report

No abstract available.

Authors

A. Schrader, K. Converse, Kimberli J.G. Miller, G. McLaughlin, Rex Sohn

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2001

Spontaneous neoplasia in amphibia Spontaneous neoplasia in amphibia

No abstract available.

Authors

David Earl Green, J.C. Harshbarger

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2001

Pleurochrysis pseudoroscoffensis (Prymnesiophyceae) blooms on the surface of the Salton Sea, California Pleurochrysis pseudoroscoffensis (Prymnesiophyceae) blooms on the surface of the Salton Sea, California

Dense populations of the coccolithophore Pleurochrysis pseudoroscoffensis were found in surface films at several locations around the Salton Sea in February–August, 1999. An unidentified coccolithophorid was also found in low densities in earlier studies of the lake (1955–1956). To our knowledge, this is the first record of this widespread marine species in any lake. Samples taken from...

Authors

Kristen M. Reifel, M. P. McCoy, M. A. Tiffany, Tonie E. Rocke, Charles Trees, S. B. Barlow, D. J. Faulkner, S. H. Hurlbert

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center, Salton Sea

January 1, 2001

Crow deaths as a sentinel surveillance system for West Nile virus in the northeastern United States, 1999 Crow deaths as a sentinel surveillance system for West Nile virus in the northeastern United States, 1999

In addition to human encephalitis and meningitis cases, the West Nile (WN) virus outbreak in the summer and fall of 1999 in New York State resulted in bird deaths in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. From August to December 1999, 295 dead birds were laboratory-confirmed with WN virus infection; 262 (89%) were American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos). The New York State Department of...

Authors

M. Eidson, N. Komar, F. Sorhage, R. Nelson, T. Talbot, F. Mostashari, R. McLean

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2001

West Nile virus transmission and ecology in birds West Nile virus transmission and ecology in birds

The ecology of the strain of West Nile virus (WNV) introduced into the United States in 1999 has similarities to the native flavivirus, St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus, but has unique features not observed with SLE virus or with WNV in the old world. The primary route of transmission for most of the arboviruses in North America is by mosquito, and infected native birds usually do not...

Authors

Robert G. McLean, S. R. Ubico, Douglas E. Docherty, Wallace R. Hansen, Louis Sileo, T. S. Mcnamara

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2001

Lead poisoning of waterfowl by contaminated sediment in the Coeur D'Alene River Lead poisoning of waterfowl by contaminated sediment in the Coeur D'Alene River

The Coeur d'Alene River basin in Idaho has been contaminated by mine tailings that have impaired the health of wildlife since the early 1900s. In other parts of the world, virtually all lead poisoning of waterfowl is caused by the ingestion of manmade lead artifacts, primarily spent lead shotshell pellets or, occasionally, fishing sinkers. However, in the Coeur d'Alene River basin in...

Authors

L. Sileo, L. H. Creekmore, D. J. Audet, M.R. Snyder, C.U. Meteyer, J. Christian Franson, L. N. Locke, M. R. Smith, D.L. Finley

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2001

Diagnostic histological findings in Yosemite toads (Bufo canorus) from die-off in the 1970s Diagnostic histological findings in Yosemite toads (Bufo canorus) from die-off in the 1970s

Twelve adult and 25 larval Yosemite toad (Bufo canorus) specimens from the eastern Sierra Nevada of California were examined histologically for evidence of infectious, toxicological, and degenerative diseases. The preserved toads were selected from 21 that had been salvaged or collected during a die-off in 1976-1979 that immediately preceded a population decline. Causes of death of four...

Authors

D. Earl Green, Cynthia Kagarise Sherman

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2001

Pathology of Amphibia Pathology of Amphibia

No abstract available.

Authors

David E. Green

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center