Publications
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Inter-comparison of three-dimensional models of volcanic plumes Inter-comparison of three-dimensional models of volcanic plumes
We performed an inter-comparison study of three-dimensional models of volcanic plumes. A set of common volcanological input parameters and meteorological conditions were provided for two kinds of eruptions, representing a weak and a strong eruption column. From the different models, we compared the maximum plume height, neutral buoyancy level (where plume density equals that of the...
Authors
Yujiro Suzuki, Antonio Costa, Matteo Cerminara, Tomaso Esposti Ongaro, Michael Herzog, Alexa R. Van Eaton, Leif Denby
Magma decompression rates during explosive eruptions of Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii, recorded by melt embayments Magma decompression rates during explosive eruptions of Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii, recorded by melt embayments
The decompression rate of magma as it ascends during volcanic eruptions is an important but poorly constrained parameter that controls many of the processes that influence eruptive behavior. In this study, we quantify decompression rates for basaltic magmas using volatile diffusion in olivine-hosted melt tubes (embayments) for three contrasting eruptions of Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii...
Authors
David J. Ferguson, Helge M. Gonnermann, Philipp Ruprecht, Terry Plank, Erik H. Hauri, Bruce F. Houghton, Donald A. Swanson
Results of the eruptive column model inter-comparison study Results of the eruptive column model inter-comparison study
This study compares and evaluates one-dimensional (1D) and three-dimensional (3D) numerical models of volcanic eruption columns in a set of different inter-comparison exercises. The exercises were designed as a blind test in which a set of common input parameters was given for two reference eruptions, representing a strong and a weak eruption column under different meteorological...
Authors
Antonio Costa, Yujiro Suzuki, M. Cerminara, Ben J. Devenish, T. Esposti Ongaro, Michael Herzog, Alexa R. Van Eaton, L.C. Denby, Marcus Bursik, Mattia de’ Michieli Vitturi, S. Engwell, Augusto Neri, Sara Barsotti, Arnau Folch, Giovanni Macedonio, F. Girault, G. Carazzo, S. Tait, E. Kaminski, Larry G. Mastin, Mark J. Woodhouse, Jeremy C. Phillips, Andrew J. Hogg, Wim Degruyter, Costanza Bonadonna
The timing of compositionally-zoned magma reservoirs and mafic 'priming' weeks before the 1912 Novarupta-Katmai rhyolite eruption The timing of compositionally-zoned magma reservoirs and mafic 'priming' weeks before the 1912 Novarupta-Katmai rhyolite eruption
The June 6, 1912 eruption of more than 13 km3 of dense rock equivalent (DRE) magma at Novarupta vent, Alaska was the largest of the 20th century. It ejected >7 km3 of rhyolite, ~1.3 km3 of andesite and ~4.6 km3 of dacite. Early ideas about the origin of pyroclastic flows and magmatic differentiation (e.g., compositional zonation of reservoirs) were shaped by this eruption. Despite being...
Authors
Brad S. Singer, Fidel Costa, Jason S. Herrin, Wes Hildreth, Judith Fierstein
Feasibility study of earthquake early warning (EEW) in Hawaii Feasibility study of earthquake early warning (EEW) in Hawaii
The effects of earthquake shaking on the population and infrastructure across the State of Hawaii could be catastrophic, and the high seismic hazard in the region emphasizes the likelihood of such an event. Earthquake early warning (EEW) has the potential to give several seconds of warning before strong shaking starts, and thus reduce loss of life and damage to property. The two...
Authors
Weston A. Thelen, Alicia J. Hotovec-Ellis, Paul Bodin
Radiocarbon constraints imply reduced carbon uptake by soils during the 21st century Radiocarbon constraints imply reduced carbon uptake by soils during the 21st century
Soil is the largest terrestrial carbon reservoir and may influence the sign and magnitude of carbon cycle-climate feedbacks. Many Earth system models (ESMs) estimate a significant soil carbon sink by 2100, yet the underlying carbon dynamics determining this response have not been systematically tested against observations. We used 14C data from 157 globally distributed soil profiles...
Authors
Yujie He, Susan E. Trumbore, Margaret S. Torn, Jennifer W. Harden, Lydia J.S. Vaughn, Steven D. Allison, J. T. Randerson
Magma transfer at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) before the 1538 AD eruption Magma transfer at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) before the 1538 AD eruption
Calderas are collapse structures related to the emptying of magmatic reservoirs, often associated with large eruptions from long-lived magmatic systems. Understanding how magma is transferred from a magma reservoir to the surface before eruptions is a major challenge. Here we exploit the historical, archaeological and geological record of Campi Flegrei caldera to estimate the surface...
Authors
Mauro A. Di Vito, Valerio Acocella, Giuseppe Aiello, Diana Barra, Maurizio Battaglia, Antonio Carandente, Carlo Del Gaudio, Sandro de Vita, Giovanni P. Ricciardi, Ciro Ricco, Roberto Scandone, Filippo Terrasi
Insights into shallow magmatic processes at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, from a multiyear continuous gravity time series Insights into shallow magmatic processes at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, from a multiyear continuous gravity time series
Continuous gravity data collected near the summit eruptive vent at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, during 2011–2015 show a strong correlation with summit-area surface deformation and the level of the lava lake within the vent over periods of days to weeks, suggesting that changes in gravity reflect variations in volcanic activity. Joint analysis of gravity and lava level time series data...
Authors
Michael P. Poland, Daniele Carbone
The role of crystallization-driven exsolution on the sulfur mass balance in volcanic arc magmas The role of crystallization-driven exsolution on the sulfur mass balance in volcanic arc magmas
The release of large amounts of sulfur to the stratosphere during explosive eruptions affects the radiative balance in the atmosphere and consequentially impacts climate for up to several years after the event. Quantitative estimations of the processes that control the mass balance of sulfur between melt, crystals, and vapor bubbles is needed to better understand the potential sulfur...
Authors
Yanqing Su, Christian Huber, Olivier Bachmann, Zoltan Zajacz, Heather M. Wright, Jorge A. Vazquez
Seismo-acoustic evidence for an avalanche driven phreatic eruption through a beheaded hydrothermal system: An example from the 2012 Tongariro eruption Seismo-acoustic evidence for an avalanche driven phreatic eruption through a beheaded hydrothermal system: An example from the 2012 Tongariro eruption
The 6 August 2012 Te Maari eruption comprises a complex eruption sequence including multiple eruption pulses, a debris avalanche that propagated ~ 2 km from the vent, and the formation of a 500 m long, arcuate chasm, located ~ 300 m from the main eruption vent. The eruption included 6 distinct impulses that were coherent across a local infrasound network marking the eruption onset at 11...
Authors
A.D. Jolly, P. Jousset, J.J. Lyons, R. Carniel, R. Fournier, B. Fry, C. Miller
Dome growth, collapse, and valley fill at Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, from 1995 to 2013: Contributions from satellite radar measurements of topographic change Dome growth, collapse, and valley fill at Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, from 1995 to 2013: Contributions from satellite radar measurements of topographic change
Frequent high-resolution measurements of topography at active volcanoes can provide important information for assessing the distribution and rate of emplacement of volcanic deposits and their influence on hazard. At dome-building volcanoes, monitoring techniques such as LiDAR and photogrammetry often provide a limited view of the area affected by the eruption. Here, we show the ability...
Authors
D. W. D. Arnold, J. Biggs, G. Wadge, S. K. Ebmeier, H. M. Odbert, Michael P. Poland
Decadal and long-term boreal soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration rates across a variety of ecosystems Decadal and long-term boreal soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration rates across a variety of ecosystems
Boreal soils play a critical role in the global carbon (C) cycle; therefore, it is important to understand the mechanisms that control soil C accumulation and loss for this region. Examining C & nitrogen (N) accumulation rates over decades to centuries may provide additional understanding of the dominant mechanisms for their storage, which can be masked by seasonal and interannual...
Authors
Kristen L. Manies, Jennifer W. Harden, Christopher C. Fuller, Merritt Turetsky