Publications
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The eruptive behavior of distributed volcanism forming low shield edifices—A case study of Sentinel-Arlington volcanic field, U.S.A. The eruptive behavior of distributed volcanism forming low shield edifices—A case study of Sentinel-Arlington volcanic field, U.S.A.
Distributed volcanic fields are present in various tectonic settings worldwide, and their characteristics reflect differing influences from magmatic and tectonic processes. In the southwestern United States alone, there are 37 Quaternary distributed volcanic fields. After the primary period of extensional tectonics in the southern Basin and Range 15–5 million years ago, the Sentinel...
Authors
Jisoo Kim, J. Ramón Arrowsmith, Amanda B. Clarke, Kurt Roggensack, Steven Semken, Kara Brugman
Distributed volcanic fields—Patterns, products, processes, and plumbing Distributed volcanic fields—Patterns, products, processes, and plumbing
Distributed volcanic fields—also referred to as “monogenetic fields” or simply “volcanic fields”—are found on every continent, on the seafloors, and in every tectonic setting on Earth. Yet, our understanding of what constitutes a distributed volcanic field, and our knowledge of the common products, spatiotemporal patterns in activity, and plumbing systems of these fields, are commonly...
Authors
Emily Renee Johnson, Greg A. Valentine, Michael H. Ort
Getting the story straight: Common misconceptions around volcanoes and eruptions with case studies of recent events Getting the story straight: Common misconceptions around volcanoes and eruptions with case studies of recent events
The ability to rapidly disseminate scientific knowledge across the world has never been greater. This is paralleled by the ability of rumors to spread equally far and fast. Popular misconceptions can take root and, without correction, take on the appearance of facts. Commonly misunderstood topics include those with attention-grabbing phrasing (e.g. “Pacific Ring of Fire”, “supervolcanoes...
Authors
Janine Krippner, Sam Poppe, Christian Farias, Ed Venzke, Michael Poland, B. Behncke, Sara K. McBride, Jessica L. Ball, Diana Roman, Heather K. Handley, Claire J. Horwell, Benjamin R Edwards, Loÿc Vanderkluysen, Carol Stewart, Emma J. Nicholson, Alia Juman, Ma. Mylene Martinez-Villegas,, Brian Terbush, Erik W. Klemetti, Jazmin Scarlett, Rebecca Williams, Valerie A. Finlayson, Kadie Bennis, Sally K. Sennert, Thomas C. Pierson, Devy K. Syahbana, Arianna Soldati
Storage timescales and the crystal growth history recorded in the layered reservoir of the Unit 3 Kulanaokuaiki Tephra Member of the Uēkahuna Ash from Kīlauea volcano Storage timescales and the crystal growth history recorded in the layered reservoir of the Unit 3 Kulanaokuaiki Tephra Member of the Uēkahuna Ash from Kīlauea volcano
The Kulanaokuaiki Tephra Unit 3 (900 C.E.) was a subplinian basaltic scoria eruption, the largest known to have occurred at Kīlauea’s summit. The initiation mechanism and cause(s) of this highly hazardous eruption remain poorly understood, particularly as this style of activity has not been observed in the modern period. We use olivine diffusion timescales from Fe-Mg and lithium zoning...
Authors
Abigail Nalesnik, Kendra J. Lynn, Timothy R. Rose, Jessica M. Warren, Dawn Catherine Sweeney Ruth, Kuan-Yu Lin, Don Swanson
Self-similar vent clustering in the Pinacate volcanic field (Sonora, Mexico and Arizona, United States) Self-similar vent clustering in the Pinacate volcanic field (Sonora, Mexico and Arizona, United States)
The spatial distribution of vents in a distributed volcanic field may provide clues about the geometry of the volcanic field’s plumbing system. Distributed volcanism is characterized by magma feeders that are independent of one another, scattered over wide areas, and active for relatively short times (typically less than one hundred years). On the other hand, focused volcanism results in...
Authors
Francesco Mazzarini, Ilaria Isola, Emily E. Zawacki, Amanda B. Clarke, Ramon Arrowsmith, Daniel J. Lynch, Alejandro Hinojosa-Corona
Constraining sources of mid-Pleistocene to present explosive volcanism in the Gulf of Alaska using machine learning and compositional data analysis Constraining sources of mid-Pleistocene to present explosive volcanism in the Gulf of Alaska using machine learning and compositional data analysis
The long-term eruptive record of a region helps better elucidate magmatic processes at depth as well as volcanic hazards at the surface. Typically, reconstructing such records is done using proximal tephrostratigraphy and linking individual tephras to source volcanoes. These records, however, can only be accurately constructed if they are both well preserved and correctly linked to...
Authors
Jordan Edward Lubbers, Matthew W. Loewen, Kristi L. Wallace
Examples of eruption response teams from the Alaska Volcano Observatory Examples of eruption response teams from the Alaska Volcano Observatory
During times of eruption response, volcano observatories need to organize themselves differently than during normal operations. The number of formal operational roles grows to ensure that critical responsibilities are covered, including management of all activities at the observatory as well as increased staffing to ensure proper surveillance of data and issuance of timely notices and...
Authors
Michelle L. Coombs, Kristi L. Wallace, Ronni Grapenthin, Jordan Edward Lubbers, Tom Murray
Comprehensive characterization of Mauna Loa basalt rheology based on the 2022 eruption Comprehensive characterization of Mauna Loa basalt rheology based on the 2022 eruption
Rheological data are crucial for the understanding of storage, transport, eruption, and emplacement of magma and lava. While viscosity estimates for lavas from Mauna Loa, the largest active volcano on Earth, exist, no direct rheological measurements have been done to date. This is especially surprising given the role Mauna Loa lavas and resulting landforms play in the interpretation of...
Authors
Stephan Kolzenburg, Martin Harris, M. Oryaelle Chevrel, Kendra J. Lynn
Seeing is believing: Livestream video monitoring of Hawaiian eruptions Seeing is believing: Livestream video monitoring of Hawaiian eruptions
Livestream video has become a crucial tool for volcano monitoring in recent years, building upon the use of webcam snapshots that have been common for the past two decades. In Hawaii, livestream video was first tested in 2018, and today, livestream video is a vital tool for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory and partner agencies (National Park Service and Hawaiʻi County Civil Defense) as...
Authors
Matthew R. Patrick, Ken Hon, William Tollett, Thomas-Jon Kekoa Hiroaki Hoomanawanui, Katie Mulliken, Tim R. Orr, Michael P. Poland, Kevan Kamibayashi, S. Miki Warren, Seth Swaney, Edward F. Younger, Albert Kamakeʻeaina, Steven Fuke, R. Lopaka Lee, Michael H. Zoeller, Scott R Horvath
Timescales of cumulate mobilization and mixing for the 1868 A.D. eruption of Mauna Loa, Island of Hawai‘i Timescales of cumulate mobilization and mixing for the 1868 A.D. eruption of Mauna Loa, Island of Hawai‘i
The deadly 1868 A.D. eruption of Mauna Loa’s lower Southwest Rift Zone (Island of Hawai‘i) included a M7.9 earthquake and associated tsunami and landslides, demonstrating the severe hazards posed by Earth’s largest active subaerial volcano. To better understand the relationship between intense seismic activity, dike emplacement, magma storage, transport histories, and mobilization of...
Authors
Kendra J. Lynn, Jillian Schleicher, George W. Bergantz, Thomas Shea, Frank A. Trusdell
Geochemistry of the 2022 Mauna Loa eruption: A comparison with earlier historical summit reservoir eruptions, with implications for magma supply and recharge Geochemistry of the 2022 Mauna Loa eruption: A comparison with earlier historical summit reservoir eruptions, with implications for magma supply and recharge
On November 28th, 2022, following a record historical repose period of 38 years, Mauna Loa erupted about 145 × 106 m3 of lava and tephra over a 15-day period. The eruption was confined to the summit caldera region and the upper Northeast Rift Zone and is remarkably homogeneous in composition in both time and space. In these respects, it is typical of prior shallow summit reservoir magma...
Authors
J. Michael Rhodes, Frank A. Trusdell, Kendra J. Lynn, Drew T. Downs, Michael Vollinger