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Exploring storm surge Exploring storm surge

This video provides a thorough discussion of storm surge, one of the most dangerous elements of hurricanes and major storms. This video illustrates basic storm surge principles, shows actual footage of storm surge damage and relates high-water level data collection by the U.S. Geological Survey to the task of recreating the storm surge event.
Authors
A. B. Tihansky, A. D. Duerr

Estimating heat capacity and heat content of rocks Estimating heat capacity and heat content of rocks

New heat-capacity measurements are reported for four rock types; Westerly granite from Bradford, RI, andesite from Lake County, OR, peridotite from Sonoma County, CA, and basalt from the Columbia River Group. Measurements were made on powders of the rocks in the temperature range of 340 to about 1000 K. Our measured heat-capacity values for rocks and other measurements of heat capacity...
Authors
Eugene C. Robertson, Bruch S. Hemingway

Rift flank segmentation, basin initiation and propagation: a neotectonic example from Lake Baikal Rift flank segmentation, basin initiation and propagation: a neotectonic example from Lake Baikal

New surficial data (field, Landsat TM and topography) define morpho-tectonic domains and rift flank segmentation in the Ol'khon region of the Central Baikal rift. Deformation, drainage and depositional patterns indicate a change in the locus of active extension that may relate to a recent (
Authors
Susan M. Agar, Kim D. Klitgord

Nonperiodic eddy pulsations Nonperiodic eddy pulsations

Recirculating flow in lateral separation eddies is typically weaker than main stem flow and provides an effective environment for trapping sediment. Observations of recirculating flow and sedimentary structures demonstrate that eddies pulsate in size and in flow velocity even when main stem flow is steady. Time series measurements of flow velocity and location of the reattachment point...
Authors
David M. Rubin, Richard R. McDonald

Inclusions in Mount St. Helens dacite erupted from 1980 through 1983 Inclusions in Mount St. Helens dacite erupted from 1980 through 1983

Inclusions of plutonic, metavolcanic and volcanic rocks are abundant in dacite pumice and lava from the 1980–1986 eruption sequence at Mount St. Helens. Point counts of inclusions exposed in talus blocks from the dome from 1980 through 1983 show that inclusions form approximately 3.5 vol% of the lava. Eighty-five percent of the inclusions are medium-grained gabbros with an average...
Authors
C. Heliker

Cooling, degassing and compaction of rhyolitic ash flow tuffs: A computational model Cooling, degassing and compaction of rhyolitic ash flow tuffs: A computational model

Previous models of degassing, cooling and compaction of rhyolitic ash flow deposits are combined in a single computational model that runs on a personal computer. The model applies to a broader range of initial and boundary conditions than Riehle's earlier model, which did not integrate heat and mass flux with compaction and which for compound units was limited to two deposits. Model...
Authors
J.R. Riehle, T.F. Miller, R. A. Bailey

Factors influencing the height of Hawaiian lava fountains: implications for the use of fountain height as an indicator of magma gas content Factors influencing the height of Hawaiian lava fountains: implications for the use of fountain height as an indicator of magma gas content

The heights of lava fountains formed in Hawaiian-style eruptions are controlled by magma gas content, volume flux and the amounts of lava re-entrainment and gas bubble coalescence. Theoretical models of lava fountaining are used to analyse data on lava fountain height variations collected during the 1983–1986 Pu'u 'O'o vent of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii. The results show that the variable...
Authors
E.A. Parfitt, L. Wilson, C.A. Neal
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