Articles
Science Quality and Integrity
The USGS provides unbiased, objective, and impartial scientific information upon which our audiences, including resource managers, planners, and other entities, rely.
The USGS provides unbiased, objective, and impartial scientific information upon which our audiences, including resource managers, planners, and other entities, rely.
Browse more than 65,000 articles authored by our scientists over the past 100+ year history of the USGS and refine search by topic, location, year, and advanced search.
Filter Total Items: 78877
Sources and streambed storage of soft sediment and sediment-bound phosphorus in an agricultural Great Lakes tributary Sources and streambed storage of soft sediment and sediment-bound phosphorus in an agricultural Great Lakes tributary
The East River, an agricultural tributary to the Lower Fox River and Lake Michigan in Wisconsin, USA, has excessive phosphorus (P) and suspended-sediment loads that contribute to downstream eutrophication and habitat-related impairments. Spatial variations and connectivity in the sources and streambed storage of soft, fine-grained (silt and clay) sediment and related sediment-bound P...
Authors
Heidi M. Broerman, James D. Blount, Faith A. Fitzpatrick, Tanja N. Williamson, Rebecca Kreiling, Isaac James Mevis, Matthew J. Komiskey
Quantitative microbial risk assessment with microbial source tracking for enteric pathogens in southwest Wisconsin private wells Quantitative microbial risk assessment with microbial source tracking for enteric pathogens in southwest Wisconsin private wells
Private wells supply drinking water for many households, and their contamination by fecal microbes presents a risk of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI). Risk is thought to vary by contaminating fecal source, but specific associations with fecal source are unknown for most private wells in the United States. This study characterizes AGI risk in Grant, Iowa, and Lafayette counties in...
Authors
Tucker R. Burch, Joel P. Stokdyk, Joe Heffron, Sarah A. Opelt, Aaron D. Firnstahl
Net CO2 emissions from dry inland waters persist in the presence of vegetation Net CO2 emissions from dry inland waters persist in the presence of vegetation
Many inland waters are shrinking due to shifts in climate and water diversion for human uses. As they dry out, their exposed sediments emit large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. However, current global estimates of CO2 emissions from dry inland waters are derived exclusively from bare sediment dark-chamber measurements that do not account for the colonization of...
Authors
K. Sharma, Soren Brothers, S. Bernal, Núria Catalán, P. Keller, M. Koschorreck, S. Kosten, C. Leigh, D. von Schiller, A. Pastor, A. Larrañaga, A. Ari, A. Camacho-Santamans, A. Grinham, A. Lupon, A. Linkhorst, A. Elosegi, B. Obrador, B. D. Eyre, C. Trochine, C. C. Muniz, C. Feijoo, C. Duvert, E. Moreno-Ostos, E. Jacqueline Garcia, E. S. Oliveria, F. Cuassolo, H. R. Fernandez, J. Yeo, J. Oakes, J. R. Paranaíba, J. Pegg, J. Anselmo, J. J. Montes-Perez, L. van den Heuvel, L. Ran, L. L. Wilkinson, L. Gomez-Gener, M. Arroita, M. Shanafield, M. L. Gultemirian, M. I. Arce, M. Cobo, M. M. Sanchez-Montoya, N. Barros, N. Wells, N. Karakaya, P. Erturk Ari, Q. Struik, R. Aben, R. Rimas, S. Kumar, Sheel Bansal, S. Sarkar, S. Rodriguez-Gomez, T. Huang, T. Silverthorn, T. Datry, V. Diaz Villanueva, R. Marce
Insights into Mountain Pass carbonatite formation from in-situ sulfur isotopes and geochemistry of sulfate and sulfide minerals Insights into Mountain Pass carbonatite formation from in-situ sulfur isotopes and geochemistry of sulfate and sulfide minerals
The Mountain Pass carbonatite stock hosts a world-class rare earth element deposit and may be classified as a carbonate-sulfate igneous rock, as it contains on average > 50 volume percent carbonate minerals and 20 to 30 volume percent sulfate minerals. The sulfates range in composition from barite to celestine and locally occur with sparse sulfide minerals. We investigate the origin of...
Authors
Erin Kay Benson, Kathryn E. Watts, Michael J. Pribil, Jay M. Thompson, Heather A. Lowers
Longitudinal variability of demographics and life history in an anadromous spawning population within a large, unimpeded East Coast, USA, watershed Longitudinal variability of demographics and life history in an anadromous spawning population within a large, unimpeded East Coast, USA, watershed
Objective The goal of this study was to characterize the variability in age, growth, and life history of sea-run fish throughout a large, East Coast, USA, watershed to improve the parameterization of longitudinal variation in demographics and spawning histories in an undammed river.Methods Both live and dead American Shad Alosa sapidissima were collected during spring 2020 and 2021. Sex...
Authors
Matthew Best, William E. Eakin, Daryl Pierce, Joseph D. Zydlewski, Daniel S. Stich
Utilization of multiple geochronology techniques to constrain the age of laterization and mineralization of the world-class Mount Weld rare earth element deposit, Western Australia Utilization of multiple geochronology techniques to constrain the age of laterization and mineralization of the world-class Mount Weld rare earth element deposit, Western Australia
Pervasive chemical weathering on stable cratons may form thick regoliths and elemental enrichment, but constraining the age of regolith formation is challenging. In this study we utilize multiple geochronological techniques on different minerals from the world-class Mount Weld rare earth element (REE) deposit, formed by lateritic weathering of a carbonatite, to constrain the age of...
Authors
Philip L. Verplanck, Cameron Mark Mercer, Jay M. Thompson, Martin Danišík, Heather A. Lowers, Leah E. Morgan, Ganesh Bhat
Local water use and climate variability drive water stress and alter ecological flows over the conterminous United States Local water use and climate variability drive water stress and alter ecological flows over the conterminous United States
Consistent, large-scale estimates of water availability are needed to identify and avoid potential conflicts among human and ecosystem uses of water. We present an assessment of water limitation, defined as the monthly balance (difference) between water supply (ws) and human consumptive water use (wc), for the conterminous United States (CONUS) during water years 2010–2020. We estimate...
Authors
Edward G. Stets, Matthew J. Cashman, Olivia L. Miller, Kathryn Powlen, Anthony J. Martinez, Julie Padilla, Althea A. Archer
Lost in translation: Reconciling different streamflow permanence data products Lost in translation: Reconciling different streamflow permanence data products
The objective of this study is to provide a framework to reconcile streamflow permanence products that provide information on whether a stream is perennial or nonperennial. Accurate classification of streams as perennial or nonperennial is important for a variety of land and water resource management decisions. However, resource managers are challenged with how to reconcile different...
Authors
Kristin Jaeger, Susan Wherry, Malia H. Scott, Audrey Marie Martinez, Roy Sando, Evan A. Thaler
Adaptive capacity of freshwater organisms in North America: Current understanding and future applications Adaptive capacity of freshwater organisms in North America: Current understanding and future applications
Freshwater species are increasingly threatened by climate change, yet our ability to assess their vulnerability remains incomplete. Typically, climate change vulnerability assessments (CCVAs) evaluate three components: exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Adaptive capacity, defined as the ability of a species to adjust to changing conditions, provides critical insight into how...
Authors
Holly Susan Embke, Karen M. Alofs, David B. Bunnell, Christy M. Caudill, Cindy Chu, Corey Garland Dunn, Kaelyn Fogelman, Spencer T. Gardner, Tomas O Höök, Scott A. Jackson, Matthew Keefer, Scott T. Koenigbauer, Olivia E. LeDee, Stuart A. Ludsin, Abigail J. Lynch, Bonnie Myers, Elizabeth A. Nyboer, Travis Seaborn, Cory Suski, Lindsey Thurman, Annika W. Walters, Jacob Thomas Westhoff
Deaf, deafblind, and hard of hearing university student experiences with earthquake early warning in the United States: Evaluating language planning and technology access Deaf, deafblind, and hard of hearing university student experiences with earthquake early warning in the United States: Evaluating language planning and technology access
The growing literature on deaf and hard of hearing (DHH+) populations and disasters demonstrates that emergency communication (including alerts) is not reaching global DHH + individuals with dangerous impacts for morbidity and mortality. This is the first research study in the U.S. to qualitatively explore the experiences of DHH + persons with earthquake early warning (EEW) through group...
Authors
Audrey Cooper, Kota Takayama, Michele Cooke, Oronde Oliver Drakes, Danielle F. Sumy, Sara K. McBride
Hybrid particulate matter generated by lava-ignited wildfires at the Litli-Hrutur 2023 eruption, Iceland Hybrid particulate matter generated by lava-ignited wildfires at the Litli-Hrutur 2023 eruption, Iceland
Lava flows from the Litli-Hrútur 2023 eruption ignited the largest moss wildfires since modern record keeping in Iceland began. Volcanically ignited wildfires present a cascading and more complex hazard than standalone volcanic eruptions and are likely to become more frequent globally due to climate change. Both volcanic eruptions and wildfire events generate well-characterized air...
Authors
Laura Wainman, Evgenia Ilyinskaya, Melissa Anne Pfeffer, Penny E Wieser, David Damby, James B. McQuaid, Celine Mandon, Eniko Bali, Josefa Sepulveda-Araya, Richard Walshaw, Caleb Hall, Stuart Micklethwaite, Zabeada Aslam, Samantha J. Hammond, Barbara Kunz, Frances E. Jenner, Andri Stefansson, Saemundur A. Halldorsson, Johann Gunnarsson Robin, Alessandro Aiuppa, Tamsin A. Mather
Dynamics and evolution of the Kı̄lauea lower East Rift Zone 2018 fissure 8 lava flow and implications for multiphase magma properties Dynamics and evolution of the Kı̄lauea lower East Rift Zone 2018 fissure 8 lava flow and implications for multiphase magma properties
The 2018 Kı̄lauea lower East Rift Zone (KLERZ) eruption was one of the most voluminous eruptions on the Island of Hawai’i in the past 200 years, leading to major disruption and destroying over 700 homes and structures. The majority of the erupted magma was emitted as a lava flow from Ahu’ailā’au (fissure 8), which was active from late May to early August. To better understand the...
Authors
Jasper Baur, Janine Birnbaum, Brenna A Halverson, Hannah R. Dietterich, Julia E Hammer, Alan G Whittington, Einat Lev