Data

This data release describes optical photothermal infrared (OPTIR) spectroscopy data used to map sedimentary organic matter functional group distributions at 500 nm resolution in a sample from the Lower Cretaceous Sunniland Limestone from the South Florida Basin. Examined fields of view include occurrences of amorphous organic matter (AOM), inertinite, micrinite, solid bitumen...

This data release provides shapefiles that represent storage assessment units (SAUs) and drilling-density cells in the Central California Coast, Los Angeles, Sacramento, San Joaquin, and Ventura Basins of California in the United States. The SAU is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources project for the assessment of geologic CO2...

This dataset contains the data from laboratory and field testing of protocols to measure gas fluxes through mass flow meters attached to rigid chambers sealed to the ground. These tests demonstrate the quality of the ground seal and weather conditions around the chamber are critical for the quality of the data obtained from the technique. This measurement approach is useful for...

This dataset contains methane emissions measurements, gas compositions, and methane carbon isotope geochemistry analysis results from orphan oil and gas wells in the Kevin-Sunburst Dome in Toole County, Montana. Emissions measurements were taken between 2021 and 2023, and gas samples were collected in July, 2023.

Thucholites are unique organic features from igneous and sedimentary rocks composed of a U-C-rich interior enclosed by an organic outer shell. Here, we evaluated thucholites from the Ediacaran Salt Range Formation of the Upper Indus Basin in Pakistan using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectroscopy (NanoSIMS). The thucholites can be...

In addition to their potential for energy generation, coal and coal byproducts may be economically important resources if they are enriched in critical minerals such as rare earth elements or if their organic carbon can be converted to gas by stimulated microbial methanogenesis. Samples of coal refuse (culm) from a historic mine site in the anthracite region of Pennsylvania were...

Sixty samples of Paleoproterozoic Virginia Formation of the Animikie Group black shales were collected from two public drill cores (VHD-00-1; LWD-99-2) housed at the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Drill Core Library in Hibbing, MN. The black shale samples were ground to a powder and subjected to several analyses. Trace elements were determined using multi-acid digestion and...

A series of gold tube pyrolysis experiments (72 hrs, 300–600 °C) conducted on a graptolite-rich lower Paleozoic marine shale generated pyrolysis residues for a comprehensive evaluation of the molecular and structural variability of three types of graptolite periderm, namely granular, non-granular, and nodular graptolite. Raman spectroscopy in combination with organic petrology and field...

Semifusinite and fusinite macerals are formed through carbonization of plant material in naturally occurring wildfires. Both macerals, belonging to the inertinite maceral group, are carbon-rich and oxygen-poor, and are typical constituents of charcoal. The charring of plant material into charcoal serves as nature’s method for storing carbon over geological timescales. The permanence and...

In 2023, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Riverside Energy Michigan, LLC, conducted an injection experiment to monitor the natural rate of biogenic methane generation in the Mortensen A4-24 well which was completed in the Antrim Shale and located in Antrim County, Michigan, United States of America. Approximately 20 barrels (bbl) of produced water was pumped from the well...

Chemostratigraphic signatures were recorded in a 113 m thick outcrop of late Albian to early Campanian (~103–82 Ma) Hue Shale exposed on the bank of the Jago River in the coastal plain (“1002 Area”) of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), Alaska. Spectral gamma-ray (SGR) data was collected in situ across the Jago River section. A total of 250 samples consisting of predominantly...

Solid bitumen is widely used as a thermal proxy in source-rock reservoirs, yet its texture and presentation may be affected by varying environmental constraints during its formation, e.g., water concentration, mineral catalysis, or salinity. Herein we investigated the development of solid bitumen properties during artificial maturation using three diverse (lacustrine to marine) oil shale...