Charles M Cannon

Science and Products

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  March 30, 2021

  Pacific Northwest Geologic Mapping: Northern Pacific Border, Cascades and Columbia

  The Pacific Northwest is an area created by active and complex geological processes. On its path to the Pacific Ocean, the Columbia River slices through a chain of active volcanoes located along the western margin of the U.S. in Washington, Oregon, and northern California. These volcanoes rest above the active Cascadia subduction zone, which is the boundary where the oceanic tectonic plate dives...

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  National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, Earthquake Science Center, Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center, Oregon Water Science Center, Washington Water Science Center, Western Fisheries Research Center

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  March 30, 2021

  Pacific Northwest Geologic Mapping: Northern Pacific Border, Cascades and Columbia

  The Pacific Northwest is an area created by active and complex geological processes. On its path to the Pacific Ocean, the Columbia River slices through a chain of active volcanoes located along the western margin of the U.S. in Washington, Oregon, and northern California. These volcanoes rest above the active Cascadia subduction zone, which is the boundary where the oceanic tectonic plate dives...

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  February 8, 2022

  Digital Terrain Model to Support Modeling of Lahars Originating on the West Side of Mount Rainier, Washington

  This digital elevation model contains ground surface elevations for the valleys of rivers draining the west side of Mount Rainier, Washington. Elevations are mostly from the 1/9th arc-second (approximately 3 meter) resolution U.S. Geological Survey National Elevation Dataset (NED). The NED data were projected to the Universal Transverse Mercator Zone 10 coordinate system and mosaicked to form a si

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  Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center

  January 2, 2020

  Data to support modeling of the 2015 Tyndall Glacier landslide, Alaska

  Landslide-generated tsunamis pose significant hazards, but developing models to assess these hazards presents unique challenges. George and others (2017) present a new methodology in which a depth-averaged two-phase landslide model (D-Claw) is used to simulate all stages of landslide dynamics and subsequent tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation. Because the model describes the evolution

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  Volcano Hazards
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  April 28, 2022

  Modeling the dynamics of lahars that originate as landslides on the west side of Mount Rainier, Washington

  Large lahars pose substantial threats to people and property downstream from Mount Rainier volcano in Washington State. Geologic evidence indicates that these threats exist even during the absence of volcanic activity and that the threats are highest in the densely populated Puyallup and Nisqually River valleys on the west side of the volcano. However, the precise character of these threats can be

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  Volcano Hazards, Volcano Science Center

  January 20, 2022

  Major reorganization of the Snake River modulated by passage of the Yellowstone Hotspot

  The details and mechanisms for Neogene river reorganization in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and northern Rocky Mountains have been debated for over a century with key implications for how tectonic and volcanic systems modulate topographic development. To evaluate paleo-drainage networks, we produced an expansive data set and provenance analysis of detrital zircon U-Pb ages from Miocene to Pleistocen

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  National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center

  October 23, 2020

  Diverse cataclysmic floods from Pleistocene glacial Lake Missoula

  In late Wisconsin time, the Purcell Trench lobe of the Cordilleran ice sheet dammed the Clark Fork of the Columbia River in western Montana, creating glacial Lake Missoula. During part of this epoch, the Okanogan lobe also dammed the Columbia River downstream, creating glacial Lake Columbia in northeast Washington. Repeated failure of the Purcell Trench ice dam released glacial Lake Missoula, caus

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  Water Resources, National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, Volcano Hazards, Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, Oregon Water Science Center, Volcano Science Center

  April 22, 2020

  The Missoula and Bonneville floods—A review of ice-age megafloods in the Columbia River basin

  The Channeled Scabland of eastern Washington State, USA, brought megafloods to the scientific forefront. A 30,000-km2 landscape of coulees and cataracts carved into the region’s loess-covered basalt attests to overwhelming volumes of energetic water. The scarred landscape, garnished by huge boulder bars and far-travelled ice-rafted erratics, spurred J Harlen Bretz’s vigorously disputed flood hypot

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  National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, Volcano Hazards, Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, Volcano Science Center

  December 22, 2019

  Seamless numerical simulation of a hazard cascade in which a landslide triggers a dam-breach flood and consequent debris flow

  Numerical simulations of hazard cascades downstream from moraine-dammed lakes commonly must specify linkages between models of discrete processes such as wave overtopping, dam breaching, erosion, and downstream floods or debris flows. Such linkages can be rather arbitrary and can detract from the ability to accurately conserve mass and momentum during complex sequences of events. Here we describ

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  Volcano Hazards, Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center, Volcano Science Center

  June 28, 2017

  New methodology for computing tsunami generation by subaerial landslides: Application to the 2015 Tyndall Glacier landslide, Alaska

  Landslide-generated tsunamis pose significant hazards and involve complex, multiphase physics that are challenging to model. We present a new methodology in which our depth-averaged two-phase model D-Claw is used to seamlessly simulate all stages of landslide dynamics as well as tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation. Because the model describes the evolution of solid and fluid volume fra

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  Volcano Hazards, Volcano Science Center

  January 14, 2015

  Landslide mobility and hazards: implications of the 2014 Oso disaster

  Landslides reflect landscape instability that evolves over meteorological and geological timescales, and they also pose threats to people, property, and the environment. The severity of these threats depends largely on landslide speed and travel distance, which are collectively described as landslide “mobility”. To investigate causes and effects of mobility, we focus on a disastrous landslide that

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  Natural Hazards, Landslide Hazards, Volcano Hazards, Volcano Science Center, Geologic Hazards Science Center

  October 1, 2011

  Columbia River Estuary ecosystem classification—Concept and application

  This document describes the concept, organization, and application of a hierarchical ecosystem classification that integrates saline and tidal freshwater reaches of estuaries in order to characterize the ecosystems of large flood plain rivers that are strongly influenced by riverine and estuarine hydrology. We illustrate the classification by applying it to the Columbia River estuary (Oregon-Washi

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  Ecosystems, Natural Hazards, Fisheries Program (unpublished), Volcano Hazards, Volcano Science Center, Western Fisheries Research Center, Columbia River Research Laboratory (CRRL)

  September 29, 2011

  Channel change and bed-material transport in the Umpqua River basin, Oregon

  The Umpqua River drains 12,103 square kilometers of western Oregon; with headwaters in the Cascade Range, the river flows through portions of the Klamath Mountains and Oregon Coast Range before entering the Pacific Ocean. Above the head of tide, the Umpqua River, along with its major tributaries, the North and South Umpqua Rivers, flows on a mixed bedrock and alluvium bed, alternating between bedr

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  Water Resources, Natural Hazards, Volcano Hazards, Volcano Science Center, Oregon Water Science Center, Utah Water Science Center

  January 7, 2011

  Channel change and bed-material transport in the Umpqua River basin, Oregon

  The Umpqua River drains 12,103 km2 of western Oregon, heading in the Cascade Range and draining portions of the Klamath Mountains and Coast Range before entering the Pacific Ocean. Above the head of tide, the Umpqua River, along with its major tributaries, the North and South Umpqua Rivers, flows on a mixed bedrock and alluvium bed, alternating between bedrock rapids and intermittent, shallow grav

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  Water Resources, Oregon Water Science Center

  August 11, 2009

  Channel change and bed-material transport in the Lower Chetco River, Oregon

  The lower Chetco River is a wandering gravel-bed river flanked by abundant and large gravel bars formed of coarse bed-material sediment. The large gravel bars have been a source of commercial aggregate since the early twentieth century for which ongoing permitting and aquatic habitat concerns have motivated this assessment of historical channel change and sediment transport rates. Analysis of hist

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  Water Resources, Oregon Water Science Center

  April 29, 2009

  Preliminary assessment of vertical stability and gravel transport along the Umpqua River, southwestern Oregon

  This report addresses physical channel issues related to instream gravel mining on the Umpqua River and its two primary tributaries, the North and South Umpqua Rivers. This analysis constitutes a “Phase I” investigation, as designated by an interagency team cochaired by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District, and the Oregon Department of State Lands to address instream gravel mining i

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  Water Resources, Natural Hazards, Volcano Hazards, Volcano Science Center, Oregon Water Science Center