Dinger, E.C., Sarr, D.A., Mohren, S., R., Irvine, K.M., Stanley, C.E., 2013. Integrated aquatic community and water quality monitoring of wadeable streams in the Klamath Network: Narrative and standard operating procedures: Natural Resource Report. NPS/KLMN/NRR—2013/669, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. Published Report-2195825
Kathi Irvine
Biography
Education
PhD. Statistics. Oregon State University
MS. Statistics. Oregon State University; MS. Ecology and Environmental Sciences. University of Maine
BS. Biology. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Research Interest
I am a Research Statistician with the U.S. Geological Survey at the Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center in Bozeman, Montana. Prior to finding my home in the federal system in 2011 I was an assistant professor at Montana State University (2008-2010). I have a B.S. in Biology from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and MS in Ecology and Environmental Sciences from the University of Maine at Orono. Since receiving my PhD in Statistics from Oregon State University in 2007, I have collaborated with ecologists and biologists charged with monitoring natural resources on federal and state lands. My team provides statistical support for monitoring programs led by the National Park Service, Fish and Wildlife Service, and state agencies. Our work involves development of survey design and analysis strategies for a variety of plants, animals, and other indicators. Specifically, we currently support monitoring of whitebark pine in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, selenium contamination at Benton Lakes National Wildlife Refuge, bats across North America, submerged aquatic vegetation on refuges in the Intermountain West, and upland plant communities within several national parks.
My recent and current applied statistical research involves extending statistical methods for ordinal data, applications of causal graphical models, investigating spatial sampling designs for ecological inferences, assessment tools for occupancy models, model-assisted methods for trend analyses, and investigating methodology for incorporating observer variation in plant surveys. My publications appear in ecological journals (e.g., Ecology, Ecological Applications, and Ecological Indicators) and applied statistical journals (e.g., Environmetrics, Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics, and Environmental and Ecological Statistics). I have mentored Statistics students for writing projects and supported graduate research assistants at Montana State University (MSU). Several of my students have participated in writing peer-reviewed papers during their time at MSU. I encourage students interested in applied statistical work with ecological applications to contact me for possible graduate research assistantships, paid summer work, and other opportunities.
Related Projects:
Science and Products
Date published: November 18, 2016
Wetland State-and-Transition Model Project
The Wetland STM project is creating a state-and-transition model to inform management of semi-permanently flooded wetlands in the Intermountain West and western Prairie Pothole Region, as well as designing a monitoring scheme to allow determination of current wetland condition.
Contacts: Kathi Irvine, Jeff Warren
Attribution: Northwest, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK)
Date published: October 26, 2016
Status: Active North American Bat Monitoring Program (NABat)
North American bats face unprecedented threats including habitat loss and fragmentation, white-nose syndrome, wind energy development, and climate change. However, it is difficult evaluating the impacts of these threats because there is a lack of basic information about the distribution and abundance of bats across the continent. Although bat monitoring has been done in individual areas and...
Date published: January 1, 2012
Status: Active Integrating Climate and Biological Data into Management Decisions for the Greater Sage-Grouse and their Habitats
Climate affects both the demographics of the Greater sage-grouse bird and the condition and long-term viability of their habitats, including sage-steppe communities. This project builds on collaboration among federal land managers, state wildlife biologists, scientists, and other organizations to create a long-term framework for implementing adaptive management for the sage-grouse. The study...
Attribution: Climate Adaptation Science Centers
Date published: January 1, 2011
Status: Active Using a Collaborative Modeling Approach to Explore Climate and Landscape Change in the Northern Rockies and Inform Adaptive Management
Federal land managers need an adaptive management framework to accommodate changing conditions and that allows them to effectively link the appropriate science to natural resource management decision-making across jurisdictional boundaries. FRAME-SIMPPLLE is a collaborative modeling process designed to accomplish this goal by coupling the adaptive capabilities of the SIMPPLLE modeling system...
Attribution: Climate Adaptation Science Centers
Year Published: 2019
Statistical power of dynamic occupancy models to identify temporal change: Informing the North American Bat Monitoring Program
Dynamic occupancy models provide a flexible framework for estimating and mapping species occupancy patterns over space and time for large-scale monitoring programs (e.g., the North American Bat Monitoring Program (NABat), the Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative). Challenges for designing surveys using the dynamic occupancy modeling...
Banner, Katherine; Irvine, Kathryn M.; Rodhouse, Tom J; Donner, Deahn M.; Litt, Andrea R.Attribution: Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK), Ecosystems
View Citation
Banner, KM, Irvine, KM, Rodhouse, TJ, Dohner, D, Litt AR. 2019. Statistical power of dynamic occupancy models to identify temporal change: informing the North
Year Published: 2019
Using the beta distribution to analyze plant cover data
Most plant species are spatially aggregated. Local demographic and ecological processes (e.g. vegetative growth and limited seed dispersal) result in a clustered spatial pattern within an environmentally homogenous area. Spatial aggregation should be considered when modelling plant abundance data.Commonly, plant abundance is quantified by...
Damgaard, Christian; Irvine, Kathryn M.Attribution: Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK), Ecosystems
Year Published: 2019
Identifying occupancy model inadequacies: Can residuals separately assess detection and presence?
Occupancy models are widely applied to estimate species distributions, but few methods exist for model checking. Thorough model assessments can uncover inadequacies and allow for deeper ecological insight by exploring structure in the observed data not accounted for by a model. We introduce occupancy model residual definitions that utilize the...
Wright, Wilson; Irvine, Kathryn M.; Higgs, Megan D.Attribution: Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK), Ecosystems
Year Published: 2019
Wetland drying linked to variations in snowmelt runoff across Grand Teton and Yellowstone national parks
In Grand Teton and Yellowstone national parks wetlands offer critical habitat and play a key role in supporting biological diversity. The shallow depths and small size of many wetlands make them vulnerable to changes in climate compared with larger and deeper aquatic habitats. Here, we use a simple water balance model to generate estimates of...
Ray, Andrew M.; Sepulveda, Adam J.; Irvine, Kathryn M.; Wilmoth, Siri K.C.; Thoma, David P.; Patla, Debra A.Attribution: Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK), Ecosystems
Year Published: 2018
Impacts of temporal revisit designs on the power to detect trend with a linear mixed model: An application to long-term monitoring of Sierra Nevada lakes
Long-term ecological monitoring programs often use linear mixed models to estimate trend in an ecological indicator sampled across large landscapes. A linear mixed model is versatile for estimating a linear trend in time as well as components of spatial and temporal variationin the case of unbalanced data structures,...
Starcevich, Leigh Ann H.; Irvine, Kathryn M.; Heard, Andrea M.Attribution: Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK), Ecosystems
View Citation
Starcevich, LAH, Irvine, KM, Heard, AM. (2018) Impacts of temporal revisit designs on the power to detect trend with a linear mixed model: an application to long-term monitoring of Sierra Nevada lakes. Ecological Indicators 93:847-855.
Year Published: 2018
Occupancy modeling species–environment relationships with non‐ignorable survey designs
Statistical models supporting inferences about species occurrence patterns in relation to environmental gradients are fundamental to ecology and conservation biology. A common implicit assumption is that the sampling design is ignorable and does not need to be formally accounted for in analyses. The analyst assumes data are representative of the...
Irvine, Kathryn M.; Rodhouse, Thomas J.; Wright, Wilson J.; Olsen, Anthony R.Attribution: Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK), Ecosystems, Energy & Wildlife, United States of America
View Citation
Irvine, KM, Rodhouse, TJ, Wright, WJ, Olsen, AR. 2018. Occupancy modeling species-environment relationships with non-ignorable survey designs. Ecological Applications. 28(6):1616-1625.
Year Published: 2018
Book review: BILL SHIPLEY. Cause and correlation in biology: A user's guide to path analysis, structural equations and causal inference with R, 2nd ed. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
No abstract available.
Irvine, Kathryn M.Attribution: Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK), Ecosystems
Year Published: 2018
Improving geographically extensive acoustic survey designs for modeling species occurrence with imperfect detection and misidentification
Acoustic recording units (ARUs) enable geographically extensive surveys of sensitive and elusive species. However, a hidden cost of using ARU data for modeling species occupancy is that prohibitive amounts of human verification may be required to correct species identifications made from automated software. Bat acoustic studies exemplify this...
Banner, Katharine M.; Irvine, Kathryn M.; Rodhouse, Thomas J.; Wright, Wilson J.; Rodriguez, Rogelio M.; Litt, Andrea R.Attribution: Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK), Ecosystems, Energy & Wildlife, United States of America
View Citation
Banner, KM, Irvine, KM, Rodhouse, TJ, Wright, WJ, Rodriguez, RM, Litt, AR. 2018. Improving geographically extensive acoustic survey designs for modeling occurrence with imperfect detection and misidentification. Ecology and Evolution. 8:6144–6156.
Year Published: 2017
Statistical design and analysis for plant cover studies with multiple sources of observation errors
Effective wildlife habitat management and conservation requires understanding the factors influencing distribution and abundance of plant species. Field studies, however, have documented observation errors in visually estimated plant cover including measurements which differ from the true value (measurement error) and not observing a species that...
Wright, Wilson J.; Irvine, Kathryn M.; Warren, Jeffrey M .; Barnett, Jenny K.Attribution: Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK), Ecosystems
View Citation
Wright WJ, Irvine KM, Warren JM, Barnett JK. Statistical design and analysis for plant cover studies with multiple sources of observation errors. Methods Ecol Evol. 2017;00:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12825
Year Published: 2017
Assessment of imperfect detection of blister rust in whitebark pine within the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
We examined data on white pine blister rust (blister rust) collected during the monitoring of whitebark pine trees in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (from 2004-2015). Summaries of repeat observations performed by multiple independent observers are reviewed and discussed. These summaries show variability among observers and the potential for...
Wright, Wilson J.; Irvine, Kathryn M.Attribution: Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK), Ecosystems
View Citation
Wright WJ and Irvine KM. 2017. Assessment of imperfect detection of blister rust in whitebark pine within the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Natural Resource Report. NPS/GRYN/NRR—2017/1457. National Park Service. Fort Collins, Colorado
Year Published: 2016
Whitebark pine mortality related to white pine blister rust, mountain pine beetle outbreak, and water availability
Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) forests in the western United States have been adversely affected by an exotic pathogen (Cronartium ribicola, causal agent of white pine blister rust), insect outbreaks (Dendroctonus ponderosae, mountain pine beetle), and drought. We monitored individual trees from 2004 to 2013 and characterized stand-level...
Shanahan, Erin; Irvine, Kathryn M.; Thoma, David P.; Wilmoth, Siri K.; Ray, Andrew; Legg, Kristin; Shovic, HenryAttribution: Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK), Ecosystems
View Citation
Shanahan, E., K. M. Irvine, D. Thoma, S. Wilmoth, A. Ray, K. Legg, and H. Shovic. 2016. Whitebark pine mortality related to white pine blister rust, mountain pine beetle outbreak, and water availability. Ecosphere 7(12):e01610. 10.1002/ecs2.1610
Year Published: 2016
Extending ordinal regression with a latent zero-augmented beta distribution
Ecological abundance data are often recorded on an ordinal scale in which the lowest category represents species absence. One common example is when plant species cover is visually assessedwithin bounded quadrats and then assigned to pre-defined cover class categories.We present an ordinal beta hurdle model that directly models ordinal category...
Irvine, Kathryn M.; Rodhouse, T.J.; Keren, Ilai. N.Attribution: Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center (NOROCK), Ecosystems
View Citation
Irvine, KM, Rodhouse, TJ, and I. L. Keren. 2016. Extending Ordinal Regression with a Latent Zero-Augmented Beta Distribution
Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics. DOI 10.1007/s13253-016-0265-2
Pre-USGS Publications
Maxwell, B., Backus, V., Hohmann, M.G., Irvine, K.M., Lawrence, P., Lehnhoff, E., Rew, L., 2012, Comparison of transect-based standard and adaptive sampling methods for invasive plant species, Invasive plant science and management, v. 5, p. 178-193.
Rodhouse, Vierling, Irvine 2011. A practical sampling design for acoustic surveys of bats. Journal of Wildlife Management. Vol. 75, No. 5 (July 2011), pp. 1094-1102
Irvine, K. M., Gitelman, A.I., 2011, Graphical Spatial Models: A New View on Interpreting Spatial Pattern, Environmental and Ecological Statistics, v. 18 no. 3, p. 447-469. DOI: 10.1007/s10651-010-0146-8
Irvine, K. M., Dinger, E., Sarr, D., 2011, A power Analysis for multivariate tests of temporal trend in species composition, Ecology, v. 92, no. 10, p. 1879-188
Starkey, E.N., Rodhouse, T.J., Dicus, G.H., Garrett, L.K., Irvine, K.M., Archer, E.K., 2011, Upper Columbia Basin Network riparian condition monitoring protocol: Narrative version 1.0: Natural Resource Report. NPS/UCBN/NRR—2011/463. National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science, Fort Collins, Colorado, Published Report-2180551.
Starkey, E.N., Rodhouse, T.J., Dicus, G.H., Garrett, L.K., Irvine, K.M., Archer, E.K., 2011, Upper Columbia Basin Network Stream Channel Characteristics Monitoring Protocol: Narrative Version 1.0: Natural Resource Report, NPS/UCBN/NRR—2011/340, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. Published Report-2170010
Irvine, K. M., and T. J. Rodhouse. 2010. Power Analysis for Trend in Ordinal Cover classes: Implications for Long-Term Vegetation Monitoring, Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 21, p. 1152-1161.
Rodhouse, T. J., Beever, E., Garrott, L. K. , Irvine, K.M., Munts, M., Ray, C., Shardlow, M. R, 2010, Distribution of the Lava Beds Pika (Ochotona Princeps Goldmani): Conservation Implications from the Range Periphery, Journal of Mammology, v. 91, p. 1287-1299.
Stephens J.L., Mohren, S.R., Alexander, J.D., Sarr, D.A., Irvine, K.M., 2010, Klamath Network Landbird Monitoring Protocol, Natural Resource Report, NPS/KLMN/NRR—2010/187, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado, Published Report-664359.
Tarasoff, C. S., Ball, D. A. , Mallory-Smith, C. A. , Pypker, T. G., Irvine, K.M., 2010, Site Characteristics Associated with Nuttall's and Weeping Alkaligrass in Northeastern Oregon, Northwest Science, v. 84, p. 351-360
Yeo J.J., Rodhouse, T.J., Dicus, G.H., Irvine, K.M., Garrett, L.K., 2009, Upper Columbia Basin Network Sagebrush Steppe Vegetation Monitoring Protocol: Narrative and Standard Operating Procedures (Appendix to Narrative) Version 1.0: Natural Resource Report. NPS/UCBN/NRR—2009/142, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado, Published Report-662446.
Wollenberg, E., Rischer, R., Dorr, M., Irvine, K.M., Pereira,C., Stevens, J.F., 2008, Chemodiversity of Exudate Flavonoids in Cassinia and Ozothamnus(Asteraceae Gnaphalieae), Verlag der Zeitschrift fur Natirforschung, Tubingen, v. 63c, p. 731-739.
Chung-MacCoubrey, A., Truitt, R.E., Caudill, C.C., Rodhouse, T.J., Irvine, K.M., Siderius, J.R., Chang, V.K., 2008, Mojave Desert Network Vital Signs Monitoring Plan, Natural Resource Report, NPS/MOJN/NRR—2008/057, National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO. Published Report-660400.
Rodhouse, T.J., Wilson, M.V., Irvine, K.M., Steinhorst, R.K., Dicus, G.H., Garrett L.K., Lyon, J.W., 2007, Camas Lily Monitoring Protocol Narrative and Standard Operating Procedures: Upper Columbia Basin Network: Version 1.0, October 2007, Natural Resource Report, NPS/UCBN/NRR—2007/011, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado, Published Report-651079.