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Permanent Site: C1 West Transect; Depth: Meters (Feet); Distance from river mouth: 0.7 Kilometers (0.4 Miles); Pre/Post Dam Removal: 2 years post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.14525225,-123.57361291; Site Description: Substrate is entirely sand. All seaweeds are absent. Woody debris is scattered along entire transect (0:21 0:34, 0:59 seconds).

Permanent Site: F2 West Transect; Depth: 12.3 Meters (40.3 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 1.5 Kilometers (0.9 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 2 years post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.15672004,-123.55036603; Site Description: Substrate is mainly gravel mixed with a little cobble and an occasional boulder.

Permanent Site: K1 East Transect; Depth: 6.2 Meters (20.4 Feet) & 6.6 Meters (21.5 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 4.5 Kilometers (2.8 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 2 years post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.13592923,-123.5101581; Site Description: This is a shallow site. Sediment is a gravel/sand mixture.

Permanent Site: K1 West Transect; Depth: 5.8 Meters (19 Feet) & 5.6 Meters (18.4 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 4.5 Kilometers (2.8 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 2 years post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.13592923,-123.51082988; Site Description: This is a shallow site. Sediment is a gravel/sand mixture.

Permanent Site: A2 East Transect; Depth: 12.8 Meters (Feet 42); Distance from river mouth: Kilometers 1.8 (1.1 Miles); Pre/Post Dam Removal: 2 years post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.14130295, -123.58766124; Site Description: One of our deeper sites at over 40 feet. Sediment is primarily sand/sandy mud. Seaweeds are absent this year.

Permanent Site: H1 East Transect; Depth: 5.5 Meters (Feet 17.8); Distance from river mouth: 2.4 Kilometers (1.5 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 3 years post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.1479177,-123.53472865; Site Description: This is a shallow site and one of the farthest removed from the effects of the sediment plume outside of the control sites.

-- Coastal Community Tsunami Hazards and Risk

By Nathan Wood, Geographer

One of the most tragic volcanic events of the 20th century occurred in Colombia, in 1985, when an eruption of Nevado del Ruiz produced lahars that swept down river valleys and destroyed communities in its path. Over 20,000 people perished.

Permanent Site: L1 West Transect; Depth: 11.2 Meters (36.6 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 2.3 Kilometers (1.4 Miles) west; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 10 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.13957527,-123.59427175; Site Description: This permanent site was only established post dam-removal after it was discovered that the degree of seaweed loss was more extensive than

Permanent Site: L1 East Transect; Depth: 11.0 Meters (36.2 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 2.3 Kilometers (1.4 Miles) west; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 10 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.13957527,-123.59359993; Site Description: This permanent site was only established post dam-removal after it was discovered that the degree of seaweed loss was more extensive than

Permanent Site: H2 West Transect; Depth: 7.7 Meters (25.1 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 2.6 Kilometers (1.6 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 10 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.15008216,-123.53277857; Site Description: This site is medium to shallow depth.

Permanent Site: K1 East Transect; Depth: 6.5 Meters (21.4 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 4.5 Kilometers (2.8 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 10 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.13592923,-123.5101581; Site Description: This permanent transect was only established post dam-removal after it was discovered that the degree of seaweed loss was more extensive th

Permanent Site: K1 West Transect; Depth: 6.1 Meters (19.9 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 4.5 Kilometers (2.8 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 10 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.13592923,-123.51082988; Site Description: This permanent transect was only established post dam-removal after it was discovered that the degree of seaweed loss was more extensive t

Permanent Site: D2 East Transect; Depth: 12.0 Meters (39.5 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 0.3 Kilometers (0.2 Miles); Pre/Post Dam Removal: 10 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.15233001,-123.56829403; Site Description: This site is right off the mouth of the river. Substrate is mainly gravel with some sand.

Permanent Site: 4SP1 - West Transect; Depth: 6.3 Meters (20.8 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 0.8 Kilometers (0.5 Miles) East; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 11 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.15257, -123.557376; Site Description: Substrate has remained the same (gravel/cobble) but site is largely devoid of all annual species of seaweeds.

Permanent Site: J1 West Transect; Depth: 9.1 Meters (29.9 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 6.6 Kilometers (4.1 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 10 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.13607725,-123.48002186; Site Description: This permanent site was only established post dam-removal after it was discovered that the degree of seaweed loss was more extensive than

Permanent Site: J1 East Transect; Depth: 9.1 Meters (30.0 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 6.7 Kilometers (4.1 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 10 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.13607725,-123.47935008; Site Description: This permanent transect was only established post dam-removal after it was discovered that the degree of seaweed loss was more extensive t

Permanent Control Site: GP1 West Transect; Depth: 7.6 Meters (24.9 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 19.0 Kilometers (11.8 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 10 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.11852521,-123.31605203; Site Description: This site was established as the eastern control. Depth is medium-shallow.

Permanent Control Site: GP1 East Transect; Depth: 7.2 Meters (23.6 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 19.0 Kilometers (11.8 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 10 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.11852521,-123.31538047; Site Description: This site was established as the eastern control. Depth is medium-shallow.

Permanent Control Site: GP2 East Transect; Depth: 12.9 Meters (42.3 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 18.8 Kilometers (11.7 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 10 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.12781102,-123.31645664; Site Description: This site was established as the eastern control. Substrate is mainly a gravel sand mixture.

Permanent Control Site: GP2 West Transect; Depth: 12.7 Meters (41.8 Feet); Distance from river mouth: 18.8 Kilometers (11.6 Miles) east; Pre/Post Dam Removal: 10 months post-dam removal; Lat/Long: 48.12781102,-123.31712832; Site Description: This site was established as the eastern control. Substrate is mainly a gravel/sand/cobble mixture surrounding boulders.