2019 Supplemental Appropriations Activities
The Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Act of 2019 (H.R. 2157) was signed by the President on June 6, 2019. The USGS received $98.5 million to support recovery and rebuilding activities in the wake of the 2018 Kīlauea volcano eruption, Hurricanes Florence and Michael, the Anchorage earthquake, and California wildfires.
USGS activities funded under the FY2019 Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Requirements Act include:
- New Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)
- Response Activities, Equipment Repair, and Hardening from the Kīlauea eruption
- Geologic Investigations of the Kīlauea Summit Collapse
- Equipment Repair and Replacement from Hurricanes Florence and Michael
- Coastal Hazard Assessments and Forecasts from Hurricane Florence
- Assessment of Landslide and Debris-Flow Impacts from California Wildfires
- Fire Behavior Models: Enhanced Support for Recovery of U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) Lands
- Equipment Replacement and Geologic Investigations Related to the Alaska Earthquake
- Acquisition and Publication of 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) Lidar for Hurricanes and Wildfires
USGS Factsheet: 2019 Disaster Relief Act: USGS Recovery Activities
Related Content
DUNEX Aerial Imagery of the Outer Banks
Grain-size data for sediment samples collected in Whiskeytown Lake, northern California, in 2018 and 2019
Digital compilation of historical ice terminus positions of tidewater glaciers in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska
Spectral reflectance data of rock and soil in southcentral Alaska
Field-verified inventory of postfire hydrologic response for the 2020 CZU Lightning Complex, River, Camel, and Dolan Fires following a 26-29 January 2021 atmospheric river storm sequence
Community Exposure to Future Coastal Hazards in U.S. South Carolina, reference year 2020
Community Exposure to Future Coastal Hazards in U.S. North Carolina, reference year 2020
Post Carr Fire Bioassessment Data, Whiskeytown National Recreation Area, Shasta County, California, 2020
Post-Fire Stream Assessment Data, Napa and Sonoma County, California, 2017-2018
Future coastal hazards along the U.S. North and South Carolina coasts
Aerial photogrammetry data and products of the North Carolina coast
Slow-moving landslides and subsiding fan deltas mapped from Sentinel-1 InSAR in the Glacier Bay region, Alaska and British Columbia, 2018-2020
Ocean wave time-series data simulated with a global-scale numerical wave model under the influence of projected CMIP6 wind and sea ice fields
Colored shaded-relief bathymetric map and surrounding aerial imagery of Whiskeytown Lake, California
Runout model evaluation based on back-calculation of building damage
Postfire hydrologic response along the central California (USA) coast: Insights for the emergency assessment of postfire debris-flow hazards
A model integrating satellite-derived shoreline observations for predicting fine-scale shoreline response to waves and sea-level rise across large coastal regions
Relative contributions of water-level components to extreme water levels along the US Southeast Atlantic Coast from a regional-scale water-level hindcast
Rapid modeling of compound flooding across broad coastal regions and the necessity to include rainfall driven processes: A case study of Hurricane Florence (2018)
User needs assessment for postfire debris-flow inundation hazard products
A 1.2 billion pixel human-labeled dataset for data-driven classification of coastal environments
Simulating debris flow and levee formation in the 2D shallow flow model D-Claw: Channelized and unconfined flow
Sound-side inundation and seaward erosion of a barrier island during hurricane landfall
Toward next-generation lava flow forecasting: Development of a fast, physics-based lava propagation model
Understanding the role of initial soil moisture and precipitation magnitude in flood forecast using a hydrometeorological modelling system
A reproducible and reusable pipeline for segmentation of geoscientific imagery
Dixie Fire Post-Fire Debris Flows: A Tale of Two Storms
The Dixie fire burned steep hillslopes in the northern Sierra Nevada California during the summer of 2021. The burn area was impacted by two significant storms in October 2021 and June 2022. These storm events resulted in very different types of rainfall and very different postfire flow events. This story map uses maps, photos, and rainfall data to highlight the storms and their impacts.
Columbia River Gorge Landslides
Extreme rainfall during two atmospheric river events in January 2021 and January 2022 triggered a series of debris flows in the Columbia River Gorge, Oregon. The flows had significant impacts, including multiple highway closures and one fatality. This story map highlights rainfall data and observations of debris flow deposits by the Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries (DOGAMI).
Hurricane Florence Numerical Modeling
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has partnered with North Carolina State University (NCSU), Louisiana State University (LSU) and University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) to investigate hurricane-induced compound flooding and sediment dispersal using coupled hydrology and ocean models.
Monitoring Efforts at the Barry Arm Landslide
An interactive geonarrative (Esri Story Map) looking at the Barry Arm landslide, located in northwestern Prince William Sound on the northwest side of Barry Arm in Harriman Fjord, Alaska, and about 30 miles (48.3 kilometers) from the coastal town of Whittier. If it were to produce a rockslide, it could pose significant hazards to nearby communities and boat traffic.
Central California Coast Debris Flows - January 2021
An atmospheric river (AR) moved into California late on the evening of January 26, 2021, bringing intermittent heavy rainfall that resulted in flooding, debris flows, and heavy snowfall at high elevations.
Coastal Change Hazards Portal
Interactive access to coastal change science and data for our Nation’s coasts. Information and products are organized within three coastal change hazard themes: 1) extreme storms, 2) shoreline change, and 3) sea-level rise. Displays probabilities of coastal erosion.
Hazard Exposure Reporting and Analytics (HERA)
The Hazard Exposure and Reporting Analytics (HERA) website helps communities understand how natural hazards could impact their land, people, infrastructure, and livelihoods. HERA provides tools and data to help communities as they plan and prepare for natural hazards.
USGS Earthquake Hazard Toolbox: nshmp-apps
Related Content
- Science
DUNEX Aerial Imagery of the Outer Banks
The During Nearshore Event Experiment (DUNEX) project is a large collaborative scientific study focusing on understanding the consequences of coastal storms on the morphology of coastal ecosystems. By flying large sections of the coast and collecting still images using structure from motion (SfM) techniques, we hope to contribute high resolution (20cm) elevation maps for time series comparisons... - Data
Filter Total Items: 36
Grain-size data for sediment samples collected in Whiskeytown Lake, northern California, in 2018 and 2019
This data release supersedes version 1.0, published in July 2021 at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BHOPEP. Versioning details are documented in the accompanying Whiskeytown_VersionHistory.txt file The Carr Fire ignited in northern California in July 2018, and ultimately burned almost 300,000 acres (approximately half on federal lands), resulting in a federal major-disaster declaration (DR-4382). ApproxDigital compilation of historical ice terminus positions of tidewater glaciers in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska
In coastal subarctic environments such as the fjords of Southeast Alaska, tidewater glaciers can control local hydrology, climatic patterns, ecology, and geologic hazards like landslides and consequent tsunami waves. Documenting and studying glacial retreat in fjords can help scientists understand the dynamic systems that are intrinsically tied to glacial ice processes and forecast changes in thesSpectral reflectance data of rock and soil in southcentral Alaska
An ASD FieldSpec 4 Hi-Res NG Spectroradiometer was used to collect the reflectance properties of soil and rock in southcentral Alaska, USA (Figure 1) around the city of Anchorage (Figure 2) and the Prince William Sound (Figure 3). Reflectance is a property of the material being observed, being the ratio of the amount of light leaving a target to the amount of light striking the target. ReflectanceField-verified inventory of postfire hydrologic response for the 2020 CZU Lightning Complex, River, Camel, and Dolan Fires following a 26-29 January 2021 atmospheric river storm sequence
This data release is a field-verified inventory of postfire hydrologic response for the 2020 CZU (San Mateo–Santa Cruz Unit) Lightning Complex, River Fire, Camel Fire, and Dolan Fire following a 26-29 January 2021 atmospheric river storm sequence. Postfire hydrologic response types include a) no response, b) minor response, and c) major response. A “minor” response was deemed capable of impairingCommunity Exposure to Future Coastal Hazards in U.S. South Carolina, reference year 2020
The data set contains information on potential population, economic, land cover, and infrastructure flooding exposure for coastal communities of the state of South Carolina, USA. The type of information includes U.S. Census data on the number and types of residents, InfoGroup data on numbers and types of employees, county parcel values, NLCD land cover estimates, and infrastructure data on roads,Community Exposure to Future Coastal Hazards in U.S. North Carolina, reference year 2020
The data set contains information on potential population, economic, land cover, and infrastructure exposure to coastal hazards for coastal communities of the state of North Carolina, USA. The type of information includes U.S. Census data on the number and types of residents, InfoGroup data on numbers and types of employees, county parcel values, NLCD land cover estimates, and infrastructure dataPost Carr Fire Bioassessment Data, Whiskeytown National Recreation Area, Shasta County, California, 2020
This data release contains data collected during August 2020 for the post Carr fire Bioassessment project at Whiskeytown National Recreation Area, Shasta County, California. Data includes sediment and habitat characteristics, water chemistry, and biological conditions of tributaries to Whiskeytown Lake and Clear Creek below the dam. Samples were also collected to assess concentrations of metals inPost-Fire Stream Assessment Data, Napa and Sonoma County, California, 2017-2018
In October 2017, the Atlas, Nuns, and Tubbs wildfires in Napa and Sonoma Counties, CA burned approximately 133 thousand acres. Multiple watersheds were affected by the fires, with up to 95% of some watersheds being burned. Post-fire assessments were conducted at 10 sites within Napa and Sonoma Counties to assess the effects of fire on sediment, water quality, and ecology. This data release containFuture coastal hazards along the U.S. North and South Carolina coasts
This product consists of several datasets that map future coastal flooding and erosion hazards due to sea level rise (SLR) and storms along the North and South Carolina coast. The SLR scenarios encompass a plausible range of projections by 2100 based on the best available, science and with enough resolution to support a suite of different planning horizons. The storm scenarios are derived with theAerial photogrammetry data and products of the North Carolina coast
This data release presents structure-from-motion (SfM) products derived from aerial imagery collected along the North Carolina coast in response to storm events and the recovery process. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) researchers use the aerial imagery and products to assess future coastal vulnerability, nesting habitats for wildlife, and provide data for hurricane impact models. This research is pSlow-moving landslides and subsiding fan deltas mapped from Sentinel-1 InSAR in the Glacier Bay region, Alaska and British Columbia, 2018-2020
This data release contains four GIS shapefiles, one Google Earth kmz file, and five metadata files that summarize results from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) analyses in the Glacier Bay region of Alaska and British Columbia. The principal shapefile (Moving_Ground) and the kmz file (GBRegionMovingGround) contain polygons delineating slow-moving (0.5-6 cm/year in the radar line-of-Ocean wave time-series data simulated with a global-scale numerical wave model under the influence of projected CMIP6 wind and sea ice fields
This dataset contains projected hourly time-series data of waves at distinct points along all open U.S. coasts for years 2020-2050. The 'projections' (estimates of long-term future conditions) were developed by running the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) WAVEWATCHIII wave model forced with winds and sea ice cover from seven separate high-resolution Global Climate / General - Maps
Colored shaded-relief bathymetric map and surrounding aerial imagery of Whiskeytown Lake, California
The Carr wildfire began on July 23, 2018, and burned almost 300,000 acres (approximately half on Federal lands) in northern California during the subsequent 6-week period. Over 97 percent of the area within Whiskeytown National Recreation Area, California, burned during the 2018 Carr wildfire, including the entire landscape that surrounds and drains into Whiskeytown Lake. Shortly after the Carr wi - Publications
Filter Total Items: 38
Runout model evaluation based on back-calculation of building damage
We evaluated the ability of three debris-flow runout models (RAMMS, FLO2D and D-Claw) to predict the number of damaged buildings in simulations of the 9 January 2019 Montecito, California, debris-flow event. Observations of building damage after the event were combined with OpenStreetMap building footprints to construct a database of all potentially impacted buildings. At the estimated event volumAuthorsKatherine R. Barnhart, Jason W. KeanPostfire hydrologic response along the central California (USA) coast: Insights for the emergency assessment of postfire debris-flow hazards
The steep, tectonically active terrain along the Central California (USA) coast is well known to produce deadly and destructive debris flows. However, the extent to which fire affects debris-flow susceptibility in this region is an open question. We documented the occurrence of postfire debris floods and flows following the landfall of a storm that delivered intense rainfall across multiple burn aAuthorsMatthew A. Thomas, Jason W. Kean, Scott W. McCoy, Donald N. Lindsay, Jaime Kostelnik, David B. Cavagnaro, Francis K. Rengers, Amy E. East, Jonathan Schwartz, Douglas P. Smith, Brian D. CollinsA model integrating satellite-derived shoreline observations for predicting fine-scale shoreline response to waves and sea-level rise across large coastal regions
Satellite-derived shoreline observations combined with dynamic shoreline models enable fine-scale predictions of coastal change across large spatiotemporal scales. Here, we present a satellite-data-assimilated, “littoral-cell”-based, ensemble Kalman-filter shoreline model to predict coastal change and uncertainty due to waves, sea-level rise (SLR), and other natural and anthropogenic processes. WeAuthorsSean Vitousek, Kilian Vos, Kristen D. Splinter, Li H. Erikson, Patrick L. BarnardRelative contributions of water-level components to extreme water levels along the US Southeast Atlantic Coast from a regional-scale water-level hindcast
A 38-year hindcast water level product is developed for the U.S. Southeast Atlantic coastline from the entrance of Chesapeake Bay to the southeast tip of Florida. The water level modelling framework utilized in this study combines a global-scale hydrodynamic model (Global Tide and Surge Model, GTSM-ERA5), a novel ensemble-based tide model, a parameterized wave setup model, and statistical correctiAuthorsKai Alexander Parker, Li H. Erikson, Jennifer Anne Thomas, Cornelis M. Nederhoff, Patrick L. Barnard, Sanne MuisRapid modeling of compound flooding across broad coastal regions and the necessity to include rainfall driven processes: A case study of Hurricane Florence (2018)
In this work, we show that large-scale compound flood models developed for North and South Carolina, USA, can skillfully simulate multiple drivers of coastal flooding as confirmed by measurements collected during Hurricane Florence (2018). Besides the accuracy of representing observed water levels, the importance of individual processes was investigated. We demonstrate that across the area of inteAuthorsTim Leijnse, Cornelis M. Nederhoff, Jennifer Anne Thomas, Kai Alexander Parker, Maarten van Ormondt, Li H. Erikson, Robert T. McCall, Ap van Dongeren, Andrea C. O'Neill, Patrick L. BarnardUser needs assessment for postfire debris-flow inundation hazard products
Debris flows are a type of mass movement that is more likely after wildfires, and while existing hazard assessments evaluate the rainfall intensities that are likely to trigger debris flows, no operational hazard assessment exists for identifying the areas where they will run out after initiation. Fifteen participants who work in a wide range of job functions associated with southern California poAuthorsKatherine R. Barnhart, Veronica Romero, Katherine R. CliffordA 1.2 billion pixel human-labeled dataset for data-driven classification of coastal environments
The world’s coastlines are spatially highly variable, coupled-human-natural systems that comprise a nested hierarchy of component landforms, ecosystems, and human interventions, each interacting over a range of space and time scales. Understanding and predicting coastline dynamics necessitates frequent observation from imaging sensors on remote sensing platforms. Machine Learning models that carryAuthorsDaniel Buscombe, Phillipe Alan Wernette, Sharon Fitzpatrick, Jaycee Favela, Evan B. Goldstein, Nicholas EnwrightSimulating debris flow and levee formation in the 2D shallow flow model D-Claw: Channelized and unconfined flow
Debris flow runout poses a hazard to life and infrastructure. The expansion of human population into mountainous areas and onto alluvial fans increases the need to predict and mitigate debris flow runout hazards. Debris flows on unconfined alluvial fans can exhibit spontaneous self-channelization through levee formation that reduces lateral spreading and extends runout distances compared to unchanAuthorsRyan P. Jones, Francis K. Rengers, Katherine R. Barnhart, David L. George, Dennis M. Staley, Jason W. KeanSound-side inundation and seaward erosion of a barrier island during hurricane landfall
Barrier islands are especially vulnerable to hurricanes and other large storms, owing to their mobile composition, low elevations, and detachment from the mainland. Conceptual models of barrier-island evolution emphasize ocean-side processes that drive landward migration through overwash, inlet migration, and aeolian transport. In contrast, we found that the impact of Hurricane Dorian (2019) on NoAuthorsChristopher R. Sherwood, Andrew C. Ritchie, Jin-Si R. Over, Christine J. Kranenburg, Jonathan Warrick, Jenna A. Brown, Wayne Wright, Alfredo Aretxabaleta, Sara Zeigler, Phillipe Alan Wernette, Daniel D. Buscombe, Christie HegermillerToward next-generation lava flow forecasting: Development of a fast, physics-based lava propagation model
During effusive volcanic crises, the eruption and propagation of lava flows pose a significant hazard to nearby populations, homes, and infrastructure. Consequently, timely lava flow forecasts are a critical need for volcano observatory and emergency management operations. Previous lava flow modeling tools are typically either too slow to produce timely forecasts, or are fast, but lack critical asAuthorsDavid M.R. Hyman, Hannah R. Dietterich, Matthew R. PatrickUnderstanding the role of initial soil moisture and precipitation magnitude in flood forecast using a hydrometeorological modelling system
We adapted the WRF-Hydro modelling system to Hurricane Florence (2018) and performed a series of diagnostic experiments to assess the influence of initial soil moisture and precipitation magnitude on flood simulation over the Cape Fear River basin in the United States. Model results suggest that: (1) The modulation effect of initial soil moisture on the flood peak is non-linear and weakens as precAuthorsDongxiao Yin, George Xue, Daoyang Bao, Arezoo RafieeiNasab, Yongjie Huang, Mirce Morales, John C. WarnerA reproducible and reusable pipeline for segmentation of geoscientific imagery
Segmentation of Earth science imagery is an increasingly common task. Among modern techniques that use Deep Learning, the UNet architecture has been shown to be a reliable for segmenting a range of imagery. We developed software–Segmentation Gym–to implement a data-model pipeline for segmentation of scientific imagery using a family of UNet models. With an existing set of imagery and labels, the sAuthorsDaniel Buscombe, Evan B. Goldstein - Web Tools
Dixie Fire Post-Fire Debris Flows: A Tale of Two Storms
The Dixie fire burned steep hillslopes in the northern Sierra Nevada California during the summer of 2021. The burn area was impacted by two significant storms in October 2021 and June 2022. These storm events resulted in very different types of rainfall and very different postfire flow events. This story map uses maps, photos, and rainfall data to highlight the storms and their impacts.
Columbia River Gorge Landslides
Extreme rainfall during two atmospheric river events in January 2021 and January 2022 triggered a series of debris flows in the Columbia River Gorge, Oregon. The flows had significant impacts, including multiple highway closures and one fatality. This story map highlights rainfall data and observations of debris flow deposits by the Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries (DOGAMI).
Hurricane Florence Numerical Modeling
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has partnered with North Carolina State University (NCSU), Louisiana State University (LSU) and University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) to investigate hurricane-induced compound flooding and sediment dispersal using coupled hydrology and ocean models.
Monitoring Efforts at the Barry Arm Landslide
An interactive geonarrative (Esri Story Map) looking at the Barry Arm landslide, located in northwestern Prince William Sound on the northwest side of Barry Arm in Harriman Fjord, Alaska, and about 30 miles (48.3 kilometers) from the coastal town of Whittier. If it were to produce a rockslide, it could pose significant hazards to nearby communities and boat traffic.
Central California Coast Debris Flows - January 2021
An atmospheric river (AR) moved into California late on the evening of January 26, 2021, bringing intermittent heavy rainfall that resulted in flooding, debris flows, and heavy snowfall at high elevations.
Coastal Change Hazards Portal
Interactive access to coastal change science and data for our Nation’s coasts. Information and products are organized within three coastal change hazard themes: 1) extreme storms, 2) shoreline change, and 3) sea-level rise. Displays probabilities of coastal erosion.
ByNatural Hazards Mission Area, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Gulf of Mexico, Hurricane Dorian, Hurricane Harvey, Hurricane Ian, Hurricane Irma, Hurricane Isaias, Hurricane Jose, Hurricane Laura, Hurricane Marco, Hurricane Maria, Hurricane Matthew, Hurricane Michael, Hurricane Nate, Hurricane Sandy, HurricanesHazard Exposure Reporting and Analytics (HERA)
The Hazard Exposure and Reporting Analytics (HERA) website helps communities understand how natural hazards could impact their land, people, infrastructure, and livelihoods. HERA provides tools and data to help communities as they plan and prepare for natural hazards.
- Software
USGS Earthquake Hazard Toolbox: nshmp-apps
NSHM Hazard Tool, a suite of web tools for the NSHMP. - News