USGS EROS Archive - Landsat Archives - Landsat 4-5 Thematic Mapper Collection 2 Level-1 Data
Landsat 4-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) Collection 2 Level-1 30-meter multispectral data. (1982 to 2012)
Dataset Citation
Please cite this dataset in the following manner:
Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center. (2020). Landsat 4-5 Thematic Mapper Level-1, Collection 2 [dataset]. U.S. Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.5066/P918ROHC
The Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor was carried onboard Landsats 4 and 5 from July 1982 to May 2012 with a 16-day repeat cycle, referenced to the Worldwide Reference System-2. Very few images were acquired from November 2011 to May 2012. The satellite began decommissioning activities in January 2013.
Landsat 4-5 TM image data files consist of seven spectral bands (See band designations). The resolution is 30 meters for bands 1 to 7. (Thermal infrared band 6 was collected at 120 meters but was resampled to 30 meters.) The approximate scene size is 170 km north-south by 183 km east-west (106 mi by 114 mi).
Product Processing Parameters
Most Landsat 4-5 TM Collection 2 Level-1 data are process through the Landsat Product Generation System (LPGS), processed to full Precision Terrain corrections with the following parameters:
| Parameter | |
| Pixel Size | 30 meters |
| Output Format | Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) |
| Resampling Method | Cubic Convolution (CC) |
| Map Projection | UTM – WGS 84 Polar Stereographic for the continent of Antarctica. |
| Image Orientation | Map (North Up) |
| Distribution | HTTPS Download Only |
| Delivery Time | Immediate download |
While most Landsat 4-5 TM scenes are processed to full Terrain Precision Correction (L1TP), some scenes do not have the ground-control or elevation data necessary to perform these corrections. In the cases, the best level of correction is applied. See Landsat Processing Details for details on correction levels.
Specific terrain precision corrected scenes are available for most of the globe under the Global Land Surveys (GLS) collections of 1975, 1990, 2000, 2005, and 2010. These datasets can be found on EarthExplorer or the USGS Global Visualization Viewer (GloVis).
Some TM scenes were processed using the National Land Archive Production System (NLAPS). These scenes are not included in Landsat Collection 2.
Landsat 4-5 TM Collection 2 Level-1 Data
Landsat Tiers are the inventory structure for Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 data and are based on data quality and level of processing. All scenes in the Landsat archive are assigned to a Collection category. The purpose of Collection categories is to support rapid and easy identification of suitable scenes for time-series pixel level analysis. These data have well-characterized radiometric quality and are cross-calibrated among the different Landsat sensors.
Collection 2 Categories
- Tier 1 (T1) - Contains the highest quality Level-1 Terrain Precision (L1TP) data considered suitable for time-series analysis. The georegistration is consistent and within prescribed tolerances [<12m root mean square error (RMSE)].
- Tier 2 (T2) - Contains L1TP scenes not meeting Tier 1 criteria and all Systematic Terrain (L1GT) and Geometric Systematic (L1GS) scenes. Users interested in Tier 2 scenes can evaluate the RMSE and other properties to determine suitability for use in their applications and studies.
The Landsat Collections page contains additional information about changes applied to Landsat Level-1 data for Collection 2.
Coverage Maps
Coverage Maps indicating the availability of Landsat 4-5 TM Collection 2Level-1 data are available for download.
Additional Information
- Landsat Collection 2
- Landsat FAQs
- Technical Information (Including calibration and definitive ephemeris files)
- Project Documentation
- USGS Landsat - Earth Observations Satellites Fact Sheet
Access Data
Landsat 4-5 TM Collection 2 Level-1 scenes held in the USGS archive can be searched using EarthExplorer or GloVis. On EarthExplorer, Landsat 4-5 TM scenes can be found under the Landsat menu in the “Landsat Collection 2 Level-1” section, in the “Landsat 4-5 TM C2 L1” dataset.
Some Landsat 5 TM scenes acquired outside of the United States were collected and archived at International Ground Stations. The Landsat Global Archive Consolidation (LGAC) effort has brought copies of TM data back to the USGS archive.
Data Citation History
The preferred citation for this dataset was revised in 2024 to improve accuracy and alignment with USGS Fundamental Science Practices. The dataset digital object identifier (DOI) and version did not change.
Please cite this dataset in the following manner:
Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center. (2020). Landsat 4-5 Thematic Mapper Level-1, Collection 2 [dataset]. U.S. Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.5066/P918ROHC
The previously used citation shown below is provided here for historical reference only: Earth Resources Observation And Science (EROS) Center. (1982). Collection-2 Landsat 4-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) Level-1 Data Products [dataset]. U.S. Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.5066/P918ROHC
Below are other science projects associated with this project.
USGS EROS Archive - Landsat Archives - Landsat 4-5 TM Collection 2 Level-2 Science Products
USGS EROS Archive - Landsat Archives - Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus Collection 2 Level-1 Data
USGS EROS Archive - Landsat Archives - Landsat 8-9 Operational Land Imager and Thermal Infrared Sensor Collection 2 Level-1 Data
USGS EROS Archive - Landsat Archives - Landsat 1-5 Multispectral Scanner Collection 2 Level-1 Data
Landsat 4-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) Collection 2 Level-1 30-meter multispectral data. (1982 to 2012)
Dataset Citation
Please cite this dataset in the following manner:
Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center. (2020). Landsat 4-5 Thematic Mapper Level-1, Collection 2 [dataset]. U.S. Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.5066/P918ROHC
The Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor was carried onboard Landsats 4 and 5 from July 1982 to May 2012 with a 16-day repeat cycle, referenced to the Worldwide Reference System-2. Very few images were acquired from November 2011 to May 2012. The satellite began decommissioning activities in January 2013.
Landsat 4-5 TM image data files consist of seven spectral bands (See band designations). The resolution is 30 meters for bands 1 to 7. (Thermal infrared band 6 was collected at 120 meters but was resampled to 30 meters.) The approximate scene size is 170 km north-south by 183 km east-west (106 mi by 114 mi).
Product Processing Parameters
Most Landsat 4-5 TM Collection 2 Level-1 data are process through the Landsat Product Generation System (LPGS), processed to full Precision Terrain corrections with the following parameters:
| Parameter | |
| Pixel Size | 30 meters |
| Output Format | Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) |
| Resampling Method | Cubic Convolution (CC) |
| Map Projection | UTM – WGS 84 Polar Stereographic for the continent of Antarctica. |
| Image Orientation | Map (North Up) |
| Distribution | HTTPS Download Only |
| Delivery Time | Immediate download |
While most Landsat 4-5 TM scenes are processed to full Terrain Precision Correction (L1TP), some scenes do not have the ground-control or elevation data necessary to perform these corrections. In the cases, the best level of correction is applied. See Landsat Processing Details for details on correction levels.
Specific terrain precision corrected scenes are available for most of the globe under the Global Land Surveys (GLS) collections of 1975, 1990, 2000, 2005, and 2010. These datasets can be found on EarthExplorer or the USGS Global Visualization Viewer (GloVis).
Some TM scenes were processed using the National Land Archive Production System (NLAPS). These scenes are not included in Landsat Collection 2.
Landsat 4-5 TM Collection 2 Level-1 Data
Landsat Tiers are the inventory structure for Landsat Collection 2 Level-1 data and are based on data quality and level of processing. All scenes in the Landsat archive are assigned to a Collection category. The purpose of Collection categories is to support rapid and easy identification of suitable scenes for time-series pixel level analysis. These data have well-characterized radiometric quality and are cross-calibrated among the different Landsat sensors.
Collection 2 Categories
- Tier 1 (T1) - Contains the highest quality Level-1 Terrain Precision (L1TP) data considered suitable for time-series analysis. The georegistration is consistent and within prescribed tolerances [<12m root mean square error (RMSE)].
- Tier 2 (T2) - Contains L1TP scenes not meeting Tier 1 criteria and all Systematic Terrain (L1GT) and Geometric Systematic (L1GS) scenes. Users interested in Tier 2 scenes can evaluate the RMSE and other properties to determine suitability for use in their applications and studies.
The Landsat Collections page contains additional information about changes applied to Landsat Level-1 data for Collection 2.
Coverage Maps
Coverage Maps indicating the availability of Landsat 4-5 TM Collection 2Level-1 data are available for download.
Additional Information
- Landsat Collection 2
- Landsat FAQs
- Technical Information (Including calibration and definitive ephemeris files)
- Project Documentation
- USGS Landsat - Earth Observations Satellites Fact Sheet
Access Data
Landsat 4-5 TM Collection 2 Level-1 scenes held in the USGS archive can be searched using EarthExplorer or GloVis. On EarthExplorer, Landsat 4-5 TM scenes can be found under the Landsat menu in the “Landsat Collection 2 Level-1” section, in the “Landsat 4-5 TM C2 L1” dataset.
Some Landsat 5 TM scenes acquired outside of the United States were collected and archived at International Ground Stations. The Landsat Global Archive Consolidation (LGAC) effort has brought copies of TM data back to the USGS archive.
Data Citation History
The preferred citation for this dataset was revised in 2024 to improve accuracy and alignment with USGS Fundamental Science Practices. The dataset digital object identifier (DOI) and version did not change.
Please cite this dataset in the following manner:
Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center. (2020). Landsat 4-5 Thematic Mapper Level-1, Collection 2 [dataset]. U.S. Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.5066/P918ROHC
The previously used citation shown below is provided here for historical reference only: Earth Resources Observation And Science (EROS) Center. (1982). Collection-2 Landsat 4-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) Level-1 Data Products [dataset]. U.S. Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.5066/P918ROHC
Below are other science projects associated with this project.