Images

A stress vs time graph showing fault strength and an offset across fault vs time graph 

If you were to stand on the fault and look along its length, this is a type of strike-slip fault where the right block moves toward you and the left block moves away.

A sand boil is sand and water that come out onto the ground surface during an earthquake as a result of liquefaction at shallow depth.

Secular refers to long-term changes that take place slowly and imperceptibly. Commonly used to describe changes in elevation, tilt, and stress or strain rates that are related to long-term tectonic deformation.

Moment = ? A D

? = shear modulus = 32 GPa in crust, 75 GPa in mantle

A = LW = area

D = average displacement during rupture

A seismogram is a record written by a seismograph in response to ground motions produced by an earthquake, explosion, or other ground-motion sources.

The shadow zone is the area of the earth from angular distances of 104 to 140 degrees from a given earthquake that does not receive any direct P waves. The shadow zone results from S waves being stopped entirely by the liquid core and P waves being bent (refracted) by the liquid core.

A slab is the oceanic crustal plate that underthrusts the continental plate in a subduction zone and is consumed by the earth's mantle.

Soil profile in hills of Manisa Province, Turkey, showing a distinct horizon of accumulated red-purple metallic (manganese and/or iron?) oxides.

The source is the term for the released forces that generate acoustic or seismic waves, also called the earthquake source.

The spectrum is a curve showing amplitude and phase as a function of frequency or period, or how much of each type of shaking there is from an earthquake.

Station EMS in southern California.

The station refers to the place where a geophysical instrument is located.

When the force trying to make the block (m) slip becomes greater than the frictional force causing it to stick, the block will slip.

The dots on the left make a regular pattern, but the dots on the right make a random, or stochastic, pattern.

Strain is the small changes in length and volume associated with deformation of the earth by tectonic stresses or by the passage of seismic waves.

Subduction zone of the Juan de Fuca Plate and North America Plate, creating the Mt. St. Helens and Mt. Hood volcanoes.

Teleseismic is pertaining to earthquakes at distances greater than 1,000 km from the measurement site.

The time history is the sequence of values of any time-varying quantity (such as a ground motion measurement) measured at a set of fixed times. Also termed time series.

A traveltime curve is a graph of arrival times, commonly P or S waves, recorded at different points as a function of distance from the seismic source. Seismic velocities within the earth can be computed from the slopes of the resulting curves. 

A tsunami is a sea wave of local or distant origin that results from large-scale seafloor displacements associated with large earthquakes, major submarine slides, or exploding volcanic islands.

Tsunamigenic is referring to those earthquakes, commonly along major subduction zone plate boundaries such as those bordering the Pacific Ocean, that can generate tsunamis.