Data

In 2024, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Riverside Energy Michigan, LLC, conducted an injection experiment to assess the potential for stimulating biogenic methane in the Mortensen A4-24 well which was completed in the Antrim Shale and located in Antrim County, Michigan, United States of America. Approximately 20 barrels (bbl) of produced water was pumped from the well...

Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) are associated with dramatic changes to the Earth system; their rapid release of carbon to the surface environment may initiate catastrophic climatic changes that cause mass extinction. This carbon release is often associated with volcanic emissions, yet metamorphic carbon production during LIP events may be substantial. Metamorphic carbon devolatilization...

The Appalachian Basin is an archetypal foreland basin system. However, the timing, rates and magnitudes of orogenic loading, fold-thrust belt (FTB) exhumation, and foreland basin burial and exhumation are not well constrained. Here, we present vitrinite reflectance data, alongside organic geochemical screening analysis (programmed pyrolysis and total organic carbon) from a ~350 km...

Measurement of fluorescence parameters such as λ_max (the wavelength of maximum intensity emission), and red-green (R/G) and blue-green (B/G) quotients allows the use of fluorescence color as a thermal proxy in the exploration for and assessment of hydrocarbon-based energy resource accumulations in petroliferous sedimentary basins. Here, we present data supporting the development of a...

Distillation of fast pyrolysis bio-oils leaves solid residues analogous to those from distillation of fossil fuels or from natural subsurface petroleum formation (i.e., solid bitumen) or other natural carbon concentration processes (e.g., coal formation). Much like petroleum-based residues, bio-oil residues vary in terms of quality, yield, and versatility for downstream applications. For...

This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Data Release contains chemical analysis information on sediment core and oil samples collected at the National Crude Oil Spill Fate and Natural Attenuation Research Site near Bemidji, Minnesota, USA. Following a crude-oil spill in 1979, biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated aquifer has formed distinct zones of pH and/or redox...

This dataset presents a recalculated compilation of geochronology ages of Cretaceous-Miocene intrusive rocks and volcanic plugs in the northern Rocky Mountains USA, with a focus on Montana and Idaho. Mineral assessments and prospectivity mapping requires detailed spatiotemporal understanding of magma systems in the upper crust to predict when and where ore deposits may have formed...

We present isotopic and geochemical data for several Archean and Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rocks in the Penokean orogen, USA. These data include new U-Pb and trace element analyses of apatite, titanite, and monazite; bulk rock major and trace element compositions; and whole rock and garnet Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd isotope compositions.

Phosphorites are significant geological deposits that serve as key archives of past marine productivity, biogeochemical cycling, and sedimentary processes, as well as critical reservoirs of phosphorus, an essential element for global agriculture. Herein we investigate Late Cretaceous phosphorite deposition in Israel, which occurred in an extensive phosphorite belt spanning from Turkey to...

These .csv files contain data on the bulk mineralogy and geochemistry of tailings samples from the Ducktown volcanogenic massive sulfide mining district in Tennessee, USA. The reported geochemistry was collected using inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy/mass spectrometry (ICP-OES/MS), wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF), lead fire assay-inductively...

This data set represents laboratory measurements conducted on a suite of select 53 pegmatite and host rock samples to better spectrally characterize complex pegmatite minerals. Of these 53 samples that were measured and analyzed, this includes 24 samples collected from the Morefield Mine, Amelia County, VA, six samples from the Martin-Marietta Amelia Quarry, Amelia County, VA, three...

We developed a methodology to estimate maximum CO2 injection rates in subsurface layers across wide geographic areas using inverse modeling-based optimization techniques. We first defined geographic areas where groundwater was too saline to meet the standard for drinking water and where sufficient confining units existed above and below the injection layers. We then assumed concurrent...