Data

This data release includes vertical water-quality profile data collected from April 2022 to April 2024 at three locations in the Saugatuck River Embayment near Saugatuck, Connecticut, and two locations in the Mill River and one at the mouth of Sasco Brook near Southport Harbor, Connecticut, for the Sasco-Southport Embayment that discharge to Long Island Sound. These data were collected...

The USGS team measured base cations, aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), rare earth elements (REEs), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), major anions, and phosphorus (P) in eight streamwater grab (manual) samples during each of three high-flow events (E-1, E-2, E-3) at the forested headwater catchment W-9, Sleepers River, Vermont, USA. E-1 was a large fall rainstorm, E-2 was a multi...

Multiple generations of spring-fed streams traversed ~800 km2 of the Las Vegas Valley in southern Nevada between ~10.9 and 8.5 ka, depositing an extensive tufa network. The scale of this network and diversity of tufa morphologies is novel in North America and offers an opportunity to obtain quantitative paleoclimate data for the region during the early Holocene. We determined isotopic...

This data release includes tabular summaries of specific conductance, temperature, and altitude (depth; CTD) and plots of specific conductance versus altitude at selected groundwater monitoring wells during July 2018–July 2024. The tabular summaries were developed using data retrieved from GeoLog Locator, an online database for quality-assured borehole geophysical data and accessible at...

We simulated a 3-hour, 1-km spatially seamless surface soil moisture (SSM) dataset (called STF_SSM) in the Contiguous United States (CONUS) using a virtual image pair-based spatio-temporal fusion method. This proposed approach effectively fuses the distinct advantages of two long-term SSM datasets, namely, the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L4 SSM product and the Crop Condition and...

Analyses were conducted in 2025 to examine glaciolacustrine rhythmic laminations interpreted as annual layers (varves) in a sediment core collected from Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge in Morris County, New Jersey in 2010. The dataset includes results from portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF), particle size analysis (PSA), color spectrophotometry, and magnetic susceptibility. The core

This data release contains two MODFLOW 6 simulations. Each simulation contains one groundwater flow (GWF) model and one groundwater energy (heat) (GWE) transport model. The GWF and GWE models are constructed to match the setup of the Barends analytical solution for two-dimensional heat transport. This allows the accuracy of the new GWE model to be verified so existing and prospective...

These data were collected as part of a cooperative study with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers investigating deposition patterns within Raccourci Lake and Island, Louisiana. Samples of sediment were collected from four cores taken to a depth of 30-40 feet on Raccourci Island using a geotechnical drill rig with resistivity analysis capabilities. Subsamples of the core were analyzed for...

These data were compiled to examine analyte concentrations, including mercury and selenium, and stable isotopes in native and non-native fish across rivers in the Upper Colorado River Basin. Data were collected in 2016 and 2017. Tissue samples were collected as whole-body or muscle plugs (biopsies). Tissue samples were analyzed for stable isotopes in 772 samples, for selenium and 54...

Tree loss is increasing rapidly due to drought- and heat-related mortality and intensifying fire activity. Consequently, the fate of many forests depends on the ability of juvenile trees to withstand heightened climate and disturbance anomalies. Extreme climatic events, such as droughts and heatwaves, are increasing in frequency and severity, and trees in mountainous regions must contend...

Continuous water quality sensor data were collected at USGS 292939089544400 Wilkinson Bayou cutoff north of Wilkinson Bay, LA gage. Field water quality measurements were collected using a YSI EXO2 water quality sonde equipped with a data logger to capture hourly data using sensors for measuring water temperature, specific conductance, salinity, pH, oxidation and reduction potential (ORP)

We used mesocosms to evaluate the effects of drought on Nothonotus moorei (Yellowcheek Darter) and Nothonotus juliae (Yoke Darter) survival, growth, and behavior. Survival was low and did not differ between treatments. Yoke Darters gained mass in control treatments, whereas Yellowcheek Darters did not differ between treatments. Habitat-use varied between treatment and species, with...