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Near real-time indicators of burn severity in the western U.S. from active fire tracking Near real-time indicators of burn severity in the western U.S. from active fire tracking
Background Timely information on wildfire burn severity is critical to assess and mitigate potential post-fire impacts on soils, vegetation, and hillslope stability. Tracking individual fire spread and intensity using satellite active fire data provides a pathway to near real-time (NRT) information. Here, we generated a large database (n = 2177) of wildfire events in the western United...
Authors
Elijah Orland, Tempest McCabe, Yang Chen, Rebecca C. Scholten, Zeb Becker, Rachel A. Loehman, James T. Randerson, Shane R. Coffield, Tianjia Liu, Alexey N. Shiklomanov, Kurtis Nelson, Birgit Peterson, Melanie B. Follette-Cook, Douglas C. Morton
Host responses and viral traits interact to shape the impacts of climate warming on highly pathogenic avian influenza in migratory waterfowl Host responses and viral traits interact to shape the impacts of climate warming on highly pathogenic avian influenza in migratory waterfowl
Emerging infectious diseases pose threats to wildlife populations, as exemplified by recent outbreaks of avian influenza viruses in wild birds. Climate change can affect infection dynamics in wildlife through direct effects on pathogens (e.g., environmental decay rates) and changes to host ecology, including shifting migration patterns. Here, we adapt an existing mechanistic model that...
Authors
Claire Stewart Teitelbaum, Michael L. Casazza, Cory T. Overton, Elliott Matchett, Diann J. Prosser
Ambient field seismology in critical zone hydrological sciences Ambient field seismology in critical zone hydrological sciences
Passive ambient noise monitoring is an emerging tool in environmental seismology, leveraging the ambient seismic field to assess temporal variations in shallow subsurface properties. This review focuses on the potential and challenges of using scattered coda waves from noise correlation functions to monitor critical zone dynamics. The sensitivity of seismic velocities to various...
Authors
Marine A. Denolle, Qibin Shi, Timothy Hugh Clements, Loic Viens, Veronica Rodriguez-Tribaldos, Fabrice Cotton
RioM-1: A new calcite reference material for U-Pb LA-ICP-MS geochronology RioM-1: A new calcite reference material for U-Pb LA-ICP-MS geochronology
Determining absolute ages of carbonate diagenesis, faulting, fossil formation, speleothem growth, carbonate-hosted hydrocarbon deposits, vein mineralisation and hydrothermal alteration has become increasingly accessible through LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of calcite, complementing traditional isotope dilution methods still applicable to certain materials (e.g., speleothems via micro-drilling)...
Authors
Marco Silva, Cristiano Lana, Ricardo Scholz, Ian Buick, Sandra K. Kamo, Nick M.W. Roberts, Axel Gerdes, Michael Wiedenbeck, Blair Schoene, Francisco E. Apen, Sean Patrick Gaynor
Synthesis of observed field salinity ranges for oyster and seagrass species in the U.S. Synthesis of observed field salinity ranges for oyster and seagrass species in the U.S.
Oyster and seagrass are important sessile, habitat-forming species that may be impacted by changes in salinity regimes from anthropogenic or climatic drivers. While salinity tolerance literature is focused on controlled experiments, observed field salinity ranges of species are more disparate. The salinity ranges in which organisms are observed in the field may not align exactly with...
Authors
Charlotte I. Lee, Simeon Yurek, David B. Eggleston, Natalie G. Nelson
Diel and spatial variability in cyanobacterial composition, gene abundance, and toxin concentration: A pilot study Diel and spatial variability in cyanobacterial composition, gene abundance, and toxin concentration: A pilot study
We designed a pilot field study to assess relations between sunlight, cyanobacteria, and cyanotoxins. In 2021, we collected day (07:00 h, 10:00 h, 13:00 h, 16:00 h) and night samples (19:00 h, 22:00 h, 01:00 h, 04:00 h) at two locations in Kabetogama Lake, MN, USA. One sample set was collected from the lakeward end of a boat dock and the other on the nearby shoreline. Cyanobacterial...
Authors
Victoria Christensen, Leon R. Katona, Jaime F. LeDuc, Ryan P. Maki, Hayley T. Olds, James C. Smith, Hailey Elizabeth Trompeter
Modeling diverse environmental responses of reservoirs to floating photovoltaic systems Modeling diverse environmental responses of reservoirs to floating photovoltaic systems
Floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems are emerging as a promising strategy for large-scale clean energy production worldwide. However, by altering key physical drivers such as solar radiation and wind mixing, FPV installations may have also unintended consequences for lakes and reservoirs. Given the wide diversity of freshwater systems globally, understanding the consistency in direction...
Authors
Evan M. Bredeweg, Ivan Arismendi, Christina Amy Murphy, Sarah K. Henkel
Submarine groundwater discharge creates cold‐water refugia that can mitigate exposure of heat stress in nearshore corals Submarine groundwater discharge creates cold‐water refugia that can mitigate exposure of heat stress in nearshore corals
Coral reef mortality around the world is accelerating due to human activities and rising sea temperatures that cause bleaching, which is expected to become more frequent. Our ability to predict which corals will be most resilient, however, remains limited due to insufficient information characterizing nearshore temperature and habitat conditions. In this study, we examine how submarine...
Authors
Eric E. Grossman, Ferdinand K.J. Oberle, Curt D. Storlazzi
Isotopic compositions of modern seawater at the Mariana and Yap trenches Isotopic compositions of modern seawater at the Mariana and Yap trenches
The isotopic composition of ocean water is crucial in studying water masses and mixing in deep oceans, isotope mass balance in ocean water regulated by high-temperature and low-temperature hydrothermal alterations, and the exchange of water among crust-ocean-mantle reservoirs. We collected 40 water samples from Challenger Deep and the water column above at the Mariana Trench (down to 10...
Authors
Ying-Tsong Lin, Hongling Pan, Kaiwen Ta, Haiping Qi, Tyler B. Coplen, Amaelle Landais, Nanping Wu
Sample Science Traceability Matrix (SSTM) for Perseverance’s Mars sample return collection Sample Science Traceability Matrix (SSTM) for Perseverance’s Mars sample return collection
The Mars Sample Return (MSR) Campaign aims to retrieve a set of carefully selected and documented samples collected by NASA’s Perseverance rover in and around Jezero Crater on Mars and deliver this set to Earth for comprehensive laboratory analyses. To emphasize the immense scientific return of this unique collection, this work presents a Sample Science Traceability Matrix (SSTM), a...
Authors
Maria-Paz Zorzano, Andrew D. Czaja, Tanja Bosak, Audrey Bouvier, Brandi L. Carrier, Katherine L. French, Daniel P. Glavin, Andrea D. Harrington, Elisabeth M. Hausrath, Christopher D.K. Herd, Keyron Hickman-Lewis, Lisa E. Mayhew, Francis M. McCubbin, Susanne P. Schwenzer, Elliot Sefton-Nash, S. Siljeström, Justin L. Simon, Bronwyn L. Teece, Fiona Thiessen, Ben P. Weiss, the MSR Campaign Science Group, Gerhard Kminek, Lindsay E. Hays, Nicolas Dauphas, Lydia Hallis, Rachel Harris, Ernst Hauber, Laura Rodriguez, Andrew Steele, Kimberly Tait, Michael T. Thorpe, Tomo Usui, Michael Velbel, J. Vanhomwegen
Assessing flood water infiltration and storage in a restored floodplain Assessing flood water infiltration and storage in a restored floodplain
In urban areas, floodplain restoration is gaining prominence as a strategy for restoring the natural functions of floodplain ecosystems and reducing flood risk. This has spurred research into potential interactions between floodwaters, the hyporheic zone, and the floodplain aquifer. An urban restored stream in Wisconsin, USA, was used as a case study to examine four methods to estimate...
Authors
Nicholas Corson-Dosch, Faith Fitzpatrick, Paul Juckem, James D. Blount, Wonsook S. Ha
Case study of deep learning image segmentation for the purposes of rapid 2D petrographic analysis in volcanic rocks Case study of deep learning image segmentation for the purposes of rapid 2D petrographic analysis in volcanic rocks
Automation using deep learning methods is a useful alternative to manual methods of petrographic segmentation, but often requires user familiarity with coding and/or algorithms. We examine the DragonflyTM program's deep learning tools for application by users with a variety of skill levels as a method for petrographic image segmentation. An image processing methodology, bimodal image...
Authors
Brenna A. Halverson, Matthew W. Loewen, Hannah R. Dietterich, Alan Whittington