Articles

A wide selection of linear and non-linear dimensionality reduction techniques is evaluated on synthetic tsunami data that is the basis for tsunami hazard assessment and computational forecasting. The data were computed from earthquake rupture forecasts (ERFs) supplying initial generation conditions and a linear long-wave Green's function approach to efficiently calculate tsunami...

Diadromous fish species occupy freshwater habitats (rearing, spawning, migration) for a substantial part of their lives. The quality and quantity of these habitats is mainly driven by thermal and streamflow regimes; therefore, understanding trends in streamflow allows better management of diadromous species and their habitats. We investigated seasonal flows for many basins in two U.S...

Objective

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Biodiversity is structured on the landscape through a combination of spatial, environmental, and stochastic factors. In freshwater river networks, the interaction of the linear river network and the three-dimensional terrestrial landscape creates multiple pathways for ecological connectivity that affect aquatic community structure through habitat filtering and dispersal dynamics. Here...

Recent reports of decadal-scale structural changes in the lowermost mantle and transport of strong heterogeneity in the outer core may offer important insights into core-mantle structure and dynamics. These reports are derived from waveform comparisons of earthquake pairs or repeating earthquakes, particularly using differential travel-time measurements made with cross-correlation...

Ornithodoros ticks, a genus of soft ticks in the family Argasidae, occur worldwide including throughout deserts in the Southwestern United States. In the Mojave Desert, Ornithodoros parkeri and O. turicata are common ectoparasites of Mojave desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii). These two tick species are vectors of Borrelia spp. that cause tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) in people...

Landscapes in humid climates often experience rapid chemical and mechanical weathering that can change groundwater fluxes, drainage pathways, and frictional strength via alterations in subsurface mineral composition and matrix porosity. These changes to hillslope critical zone structure and strength should control landslide susceptibility, size, and failure style. Here we test the impact...

In June and August 2023, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted small Uncrewed Aircraft System (sUAS or drone) flights at five streamgages in the Upper Colorado River Basin, Colorado, USA. The objectives of this research were (1) compare maximum surface velocities and discharges derived from Space-time Image Velocimetry (STIV) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and (2) evaluate...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of over 15,000 xenobiotic compounds that have permeated across the globe and are largely resistant to natural forms of degradation, resulting in their long-term environmental persistence. These compounds can bioaccumulate and cause toxicological effects in organisms living within PFAS contaminated ecosystems. Grasses and feedstocks...

The effects of winter environmental conditions on lake ecology can be highly variable. Ice and overlying snow isolate the water below, impeding exchange of materials among water, atmosphere, and the watershed. Even with these limitations, biological communities under the ice can persist, where cold tolerant taxa can be especially abundant. Because many under-ice taxa tend to have a suite...

Conflict between humans and American black bears (Ursus americanus) is a growing concern in North America, especially in wildland–urban interfaces. Beyond ecological drivers, conflict reduction relies on changing human behavior. Neighbor-to-neighbor conversations, also known as relational organizing, may drive social diffusion of coexistence actions. However, little research has explored...