Book Chapters

We report here the recent progress and future development of real-time seismic monitoring in Taiwan, especially on earthquake early warning system (EWS) developed at the Central Weather Bureau (CWB), using the telemetered signals from strong-motion instruments. Utilizing a quick magnitude determination based on the first 10 sec of signals from a virtual and sub-network which is...

No abstract available.

When simulating natural and engineered groundwater flow and transport systems, one objective is to produce a model that accurately represents important aspects of the true system. However, using direct measurements of system characteristics, such as hydraulic conductivity, to construct a model often produces simulated values that poorly match observations of the system state, such as...

No abstract available.

Following the 1964 M9.2 megathrust earthquake in southern Alaska, Seward was the only town hit by tsunamis generated from both submarine landslides and tectonic sources. Within 45 seconds of the start of the earthquake, a 1.2-km-long section of waterfront began sliding seaward, and soon after, ~6-8-m high waves inundated the town. Studies soon after the earthquake concluded that...

No abstract available.

The M9.2 Alaska earthquake of 1964 caused major damage to the port facilities and town of Valdez, most of it the result of submarine landslide and the consequent tsunamis. Recent bathymetric multibeam surveys, high-resolution subbottom profiles, and dated sediment cores in Port Valdez supply new information about the morphology and character of the landslide deposits. A comparison of pre...

No abstract available.

The unusual characteristics of subterranean flow in karst aquifers allow for the transport of sediment. Kartst ground-water system are created by dissolution of the bedrock matrix coupled with structural and stratigraphic controls. As a result, high flow velocities, large-diameter openings, and turbulent flow, all necessary for the entrainment and transport of particles, are present—at...

Our concern is with the statistical description of paleomagnetic vectors and the estimation of their mean and variance. These vectors may come from a number of different rock units or archeological samples, representing a range of acquisition times, and be useful for studies of the mean paleomagnetic field and paleosecular variation; alternatively, the vectors may come from individual...

When studying the mean and variance of paleomagnetic data it is a common practice to employ principal component analysis (Jolliffe, 2002). The theory of this method is related to the mathematics quantifying the moment of inertia of a set of particles of mass about some reference point of interest. For the purposes of data analysis, principal component analysis was first promoted by...

The Geomagnetism Program of the US Geological Survey has, for over a century now, monitored the Earth's magnetic field through a network of magnetic observatories and conducted scientific analysis on the data collected. The program traces its origins to the Reorganization Act of 1843, in which Congress authorized the creation of a coastal survey agency, as part of the Treasury Department...