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Frederick D. Day-Lewis (Former Employee)

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Charles Harvey (MIT) and Fred Day-Lewis (USGS) prepare fiber-optic distributed temperature system

Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing Technology for Surface-Water and Groundwater Studies

Fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) technology can be used for characterizing estuary-aquifer and stream-aquifer interaction and for identifying transmissive fractures in bedrock boreholes.
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Water Resources
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Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing Technology for Surface-Water and Groundwater Studies

Fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) technology can be used for characterizing estuary-aquifer and stream-aquifer interaction and for identifying transmissive fractures in bedrock boreholes.
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thermal infrared image indicating groundwater discharging into surface water and mixing

Geophysics for USGS Groundwater/Surface Water Exchange Studies

Locating and quantifying exchanges of groundwater and surface water, along with characterizing geologic structure, is essential to water-resource managers and hydrologists for the development of effective water-resource policy, protection, and management. The USGS conducts applied research to evaluate the use of new or emerging hydrogeophysical tools and methods to improve our understanding of...
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Water Resources
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Geophysics for USGS Groundwater/Surface Water Exchange Studies

Locating and quantifying exchanges of groundwater and surface water, along with characterizing geologic structure, is essential to water-resource managers and hydrologists for the development of effective water-resource policy, protection, and management. The USGS conducts applied research to evaluate the use of new or emerging hydrogeophysical tools and methods to improve our understanding of...
Learn More
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Fred Day-Lewis prepares the on-site field office, where real-time geophysical data record real-time geophysical data

Optimized Enhanced Bioremediation through 4D Geophysical Monitoring and Autonomous Data Collection, Processing, and Analysis

The USGS Office of Ground Water, Branch of Geophysics (OGW BG) is collaborating on an applied research project to evaluate the use of new hydrogeophysical tools to remotely monitor and visualize subsurface bioremediation amendment emplacement and transport in near real-time. The project, funded by the U.S. Department of Defense Environmental Security Technology Certification Program, could provide...
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Water Resources
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Optimized Enhanced Bioremediation through 4D Geophysical Monitoring and Autonomous Data Collection, Processing, and Analysis

The USGS Office of Ground Water, Branch of Geophysics (OGW BG) is collaborating on an applied research project to evaluate the use of new hydrogeophysical tools to remotely monitor and visualize subsurface bioremediation amendment emplacement and transport in near real-time. The project, funded by the U.S. Department of Defense Environmental Security Technology Certification Program, could provide...
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A saltwater tracer was injected into the shallow aquifer at a uranium-contaminated site in Colorado

Hydrogeophysics — Storrs, Connecticut

About the Research The Environmental Health Program collaborates with geophysicists and hydrologists to develop, demonstrate, and support the application of geophysical methods to environmental-health investigations. They have expertise in a diverse suite of geophysical field methods including electrical, electromagnetic, seismic, radar, gravity, and thermal; these methods are run from land-based...
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Ecosystems, Contaminant Biology, Environmental Health Program, Toxic Substances Hydrology
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Hydrogeophysics — Storrs, Connecticut

About the Research The Environmental Health Program collaborates with geophysicists and hydrologists to develop, demonstrate, and support the application of geophysical methods to environmental-health investigations. They have expertise in a diverse suite of geophysical field methods including electrical, electromagnetic, seismic, radar, gravity, and thermal; these methods are run from land-based...
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Hannan Karam (MIT) connects the distributed temperature sensor to a laptop computer. This allows temp data to be monitored

Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing in Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts

In 2006 the USGS Office of Groundwater, Branch of Geophysics (OGW BG) conducted a technology demonstration and evaluation project in Waquoit Bay, East Falmouth, Massachusetts, to evaluate the use of fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS). In this project, the USGS used FO-DTS to investigate aquifer-estuary interaction by monitoring submarine groundwater discharge in Waquoit Bay. OGW...
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Water Resources
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Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing in Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts

In 2006 the USGS Office of Groundwater, Branch of Geophysics (OGW BG) conducted a technology demonstration and evaluation project in Waquoit Bay, East Falmouth, Massachusetts, to evaluate the use of fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS). In this project, the USGS used FO-DTS to investigate aquifer-estuary interaction by monitoring submarine groundwater discharge in Waquoit Bay. OGW...
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Data release for tempest1d: Recursive Estimation of Vertical Groundwater/Surface-Water Exchange using Heat Tracing

This data release provides a recursive-estimation framework to infer groundwater/surface-water exchange based on temperature time series collected at different vertical depths below the sediment/water interface. A heat-transport problem was formulated as a state-space model (SSM), in which the spatial derivatives in the convection/conduction equation are approximated using finite differences. The

Selected borehole geophysical logs from three contaminant sites in California, Wisconsin, and New Jersey

Borehole geophysical logs were collected to characterize bedrock aquifers at three contamination sites located in California, Wisconsin, and New Jersey. The data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the University of Guelph from 2014 to 2015 as part of the U.S. Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) and Environmental Security Techn

Algorithms for model parameter estimation, state estimation, and forecasting applied to a State-Space model coupled with the Kalman Filter for one-dimensional vertical infiltration to fractured rock aquifers

The algorithms and input data included in this data release are used to interpret time-series data (water- table altitude, precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration) over an observation period to estimate model parameters of a State-Space (SS) model of vertical infiltration to a fractured-rock aquifer. The SS model is coupled with a Kalman Filter (KF) to estimate system states (water-table a

Hydrogeochemical data for the characterization of stream, groundwater, and beaver-induced floodplain exchange in the East River Science Focus Area, Crested Butte, CO

The U.S. Geological Survey, along with scientists from Rutgers University, collected water chemistry, electromagnetic, redox-potential, dissolved oxygen, water flow rate, and water temperature data along stream and river corridors in multiple sub-watersheds of the East River Science Focus Area (SFA) near Crested Butte, CO. The concept of 'river corridor' science recognizes that the quality of flow
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Water Resources

Geophysical data from the unnamed lake at the National Crude Oil Spill Fate and Natural Attenuation Research Site, Bemidji, MN (ver. 3.0, May 2022)

The National Crude Oil Spill Fate and Natural Attenuation Research Site is located near Bemidji, MN, USA. A high-pressure oil pipeline ruptured in 1979 releasing ~1.7 million liters of light crude oil, which sprayed over an area of ~6500 square meters and collected in topographic depressions. Approximately 75% of the spilled oil was recovered. Much of the remainder reached the water table, where i
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Water Resources

Electrical geophysical data collected in the shallow sediments of Snake Pond, Cape Cod, USA

Quantification of mobile/less-mobile porosity dynamics at the sediment/water interface is critical to predicting contaminant storage, release, and transformation processes. Zones in groundwater flow-through lakes where lake water recharges the aquifer can strongly control aquifer water quality. Less-mobile porosity has previously been characterized in aquifers using flow path scale (10's of m+) tr
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Contaminant Biology, Environmental Health Program, Groundwater and Streamflow Information Program, Toxic Substances Hydrology

Temperature and seepage data from a lake-bottom permeable reactive barrier, Ashumet Pond, Falmouth, MA, 2004-2015.

These data were collected to evaluate groundwater/surface-water exchange in the area of a lake-bottom permeable reactive barrier and to assess changes in groundwater seepage over the period between 2004 and 2015. This data release includes geospatial datasets, comma separated values (.csv) files, and associated FGDC-compliant metadata representing data collected between 2004 and 2015 as part of a
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New England Water Science Center

Example data from MoisturEC: a new R program for moisture content estimation from electrical conductivity data

This dataset includes example data used for demonstration of the moisturEC program. This includes inverted electrical resistivity data, model resolution from the inversion, point moisture information, and conductivity-saturation calibration information. The data are from a field site in Coventry, CT outfitted with five, Decagon 5TE moisture probes, arranged along a 28 m transect at different depth
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Water Resources, Groundwater and Streamflow Information Program
Filter Total Items: 91

Electrical imaging for hydrogeology

Geophysical methods offer hydrogeologists unprecedented access to understanding subsurface parameters and processes. In this book, we outline the theory and application of electrical imaging methods, which inject current into the ground and measure the resultant potentials. These data are sensitive to rock type, grain size, porosity, pore fluid electrical conductivity, saturation, and temperature.
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Water Resources

Application of recursive estimation to heat tracing for groundwater/surface-water exchange

We present and demonstrate a recursive-estimation framework to infer groundwater/surface-water exchange based on temperature time series collected at different vertical depths below the sediment/water interface. We formulate the heat-transport problem as a state-space model (SSM), in which the spatial derivatives in the convection/conduction equation are approximated using finite differences. The
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Water Resources

Incorporating snowmelt into daily estimates of recharge using a state-space model of infiltration

A state-space model (SSM) of infiltration estimates daily groundwater recharge using time-series of groundwater-level altitude and meteorological inputs (liquid precipitation, snowmelt, and evapotranspiration). The model includes diffuse and preferential flow through the unsaturated zone, where preferential flow is a function of liquid precipitation and snowmelt rates and a threshold rate, above w
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Water Resources

Reframing groundwater hydrology as a data-driven science

No abstract available. 
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Water Resources

GW/SW-MST: A groundwater/surface-water method selection tool

Groundwater/surface-water (GW/SW) exchange and hyporheic processes are topics receiving increasing attention from the hydrologic community. Hydraulic, chemical, temperature, geophysical, and remote sensing methods are used to achieve various goals (e.g., inference of GW/SW exchange, mapping of bed materials, etc.), but the application of these methods is constrained by site conditions such as wate
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Water Resources

Geostatistical mapping of salinity conditioned on borehole logs, Montebello Oil Field, California

We present a geostatistics-based stochastic salinity estimation framework for the Montebello Oil Field that capitalizes on available total dissolved solids (TDS) data from groundwater samples as well as electrical resistivity (ER) data from borehole logging. Data from TDS samples (n = 4924) was coded into an indicator framework based on falling below four selected thresholds (500, 1000, 3000, and
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Water Resources, California Water Science Center, New England Water Science Center

Estimating and forecasting time-varying groundwater recharge in fractured rock: A state-space formulation with preferential and diffuse flow to the water table

Rapid infiltration following precipitation may result in groundwater contamination from surface contaminants or pathogens. In fractured rock, contaminants can migrate rapidly to points of groundwater withdrawals. In contrast to the temporal availability of groundwater quality chemical indicators, meteorological and groundwater level observations are available in real-time to estimate time-varying
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Water Resources

Electrical signatures of dual domain mass transfer observed in rock cores

No abstract available.
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Water Resources

Nuclear magnetic resonanance logs of fractured bedrock at the Hidden Lane Landfill site, Culpeper Basin, Virginia

In May 2018, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) collected borehole nuclear magnetic resonance (bNMR) logs in three boreholes completed in sandstone and siltstone of the Balls Bluff Member of the Bull Run Formation at a Superfund Site in Culpeper Basin, Virginia. The bNMR logs were used to aid in the evaluation of the aquifer by meas
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Water Resources

Evaluation of riverbed magnetic susceptibility for mapping biogeochemical hot spots in groundwater-impacted rivers

Redox hot spots occurring as metal-rich anoxic groundwater discharges through oxic wetland and river sediments commonly result in the formation of iron (Fe) oxide precipitates. These redox-sensitive precipitates influence the release of nutrients and metals to surface water and can act as ‘contaminant sponges’ by absorbing toxic compounds. We explore the feasibility of a non-invasive, high-resolut
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Water Resources

Beware of spatial autocorrelation when applying machine learning algorithms to borehole geophysical logs

Although many of the algorithms now considered to be machine learning algorithms (MLAs) have existed for nearly a century (e.g., Rosenblatt 1958), interest in MLAs has recently increased exponentially for solving data-driven problems across a variety of fields due to the expanded availability of large, complex datasets that may be difficult to interrogate using other methods, increases in computin
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Water Resources, New York Water Science Center

Characterizing physical properties of streambed interface sediments using in situ complex electrical conductivity measurements

Streambed sediment physical properties such as surface area, are difficult to quantify in situ but exert a high‐level control on a wide range of biogeochemical processes and sorption of contaminants. We introduce the use of complex electrical conductivity (CC) methods (also known as spectral induced polarization (SIP)) that measure both real and imaginary conductivity to non‐invasively and efficie
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Water Resources

GW/SW-MST: A Groundwater/Surface-Water Method Selection Tool

The Groundwater/Surface-Water Method Selection Tool (GW/SW-MST) is a spreadsheet-based tool to help practitioners identify methods for use in groundwater/surface-water (GW/SW) exchange and hyporheic studies. GW/SW exchange and hyporheic processes are topics receiving increasing attention from the hydrologic community. Hydraulic, chemical, temperature, geophysical, and remote sensing methods are u

DTSGUI

DTSGUI is a public-domain software tool to import, manage, parse/cull, georeference, analyze and visualize fiber-optic distributed temperature sensor (FO-DTS) data. Visualization can efficiently be accomplished in the form of heat maps of temperature (as color) versus distance and time, and in map view plots of georeferenced data on land-surface orthoimagery. The code is written in object-oriented

FLASH-R (Flow-Log Analysis of Single Holes)

FLASH-R (Flow-Log Analysis of Single Holes) is an R app for the analysis of borehole vertical flow logs to estimate fracture (or layer) transmissivities and far-field hydraulic heads. This app is a new version of the FLASH spreadsheet tool by Day-Lewis et al. (2011) . The program is written in R, an open-source environment. All previous features have been retained and new features incorporated i

FLASH-R: Flow-Log Analysis of Single Holes

FLASH-R (Flow-Log Analysis of Single Holes) is an R app for the analysis of borehole vertical flow logs to estimate fracture (or layer) transmissivities and far-field hydraulic heads.

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Water Resources

DTSGUI

DTSGUI is a  USGS software tool to import, manage, parse/cull, georeference, analyze and visualize fiber-optic distributed temperature sensor data.

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Water Resources

MoisturEC

MoisturEC is an R-based GUI used to combine electrical conductivity (EC) data with point moisture measurements for an updated moisture estimate capitalizing on the accuracy of point moisture measurements and the spatial coverage of EC data.

MoisturEC: R-based GUI to combine electrical conductivity data with point moisture measurements

MoisturEC is an R-based GUI used to combine electrical conductivity (EC) data with point moisture measurements for an updated moisture estimate capitalizing on the accuracy of point moisture measurements and the spatial coverage of EC data. 

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Water Resources

Scenario Evaluator for Electrical Resistivity (SEER) Survey Pre-Modeling Tool

The USGS Scenario Evaluator for Electrical Resistivity (SEER) is a quick and simple Excel-based decision support tool practitioners can use to assess the likely outcome of using two-dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity imaging for site characterization and remediation monitoring.

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Water Resources

Fractured Rock Geophysical Toolbox Method Selection Tool (FRGT-MST)

The Fractured Rock Geophysical Toolbox Method Selection Tool (FRGT-MST) is an Excel-based tool for identification of geophysical methods most likely to be appropriate for project goals and site conditions.

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Water Resources

1DTempPro: A program for analysis of vertical one-dimensional (1D) temperature profiles

1DTempPro is a computer program for the analysis of one-dimensional vertical temperature profiles.

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Water Resources

FLASH: A Computer Program for Flow-Log Analysis of Single Holes

FLASH (Flow-Log Analysis of Single Holes) is a computer program for the analysis of borehole vertical flow logs.

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Water Resources, Groundwater and Streamflow Information Program, Nevada Water Science Center

Science and Products