Laura Scott, Ph.D. (Former Employee)
Science and Products
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Migratory Birds
Migratory birds, and particularly those using habitats close to human settlements, may be infected with antibiotic resistant bacteria. The USGS is working with public health professionals to understand the role of birds in the maintenance and dispersal of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Additionally, the USGS is investigating how antibiotic resistant bacteria in birds may relate to public and...
Data for Assessing the Utility of eDNA Approaches for Determining the Impacts of Metal Mobilization from Thawing Permafrost on Fish Communities in Arctic Streams Data for Assessing the Utility of eDNA Approaches for Determining the Impacts of Metal Mobilization from Thawing Permafrost on Fish Communities in Arctic Streams
This data set describes results for laboratory experiments to determine the efficacy of environmental DNA quantitative PCR assays for four fish species when applied to filtered water samples containing metals mobilized from thawing permafrost.
Data for Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Surface Waters in Two National Parks in Alaska Data for Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Surface Waters in Two National Parks in Alaska
This data set describes the assessment of surface waters in Denali National Park and Preserve and Wrangell St. Elias National Park and Preserve for antimicrobial resistance genes during four summer months (May - August).
Data for Investigation of Egg Mortality in a Louisiana Population of Endangered Whooping Cranes Data for Investigation of Egg Mortality in a Louisiana Population of Endangered Whooping Cranes
This data set describes the genomic bacterial analysis of swabs and tissues collected from whooping cranes in Louisiana. The data includes targeted analysis from quantitative PCR for bacterial pathogens.
Validation and Application of a Standardized Quantitative PCR Assay for the Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Validation and Application of a Standardized Quantitative PCR Assay for the Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes
This data set describes results for two laboratory experiments to validate a quantitative PCR assay for the assessment of antimicrobial resistance genes in surface waters. Data are also provided for the application of the assay surface water samples collected from three national parks in Alaska.
Data on Exposure of Wild Mammals Inhabiting Alaska to H5N1 Influenza A Viruses Data on Exposure of Wild Mammals Inhabiting Alaska to H5N1 Influenza A Viruses
This data set describes serological data collected from mammals in Alaska and seropositivity to influenza A, clade 2.3.4.4b H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), North American lineage H5 low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI), and N1 antigens.
Data for Genomic Characterization of Highly Pathogenic H5 Avian Influenza Viruses from Alaska in 2022 Data for Genomic Characterization of Highly Pathogenic H5 Avian Influenza Viruses from Alaska in 2022
This data set describes genomic sequence information from 2022 used to infer spatiotemporal trends pertaining to the introductions of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses into Alaska and spread among wild birds, backyard poultry, and mammals.
Data for Infectivity of Wild-Bird Origin Influenza A Viruses in Minnesota Wetlands Across Seasons Data for Infectivity of Wild-Bird Origin Influenza A Viruses in Minnesota Wetlands Across Seasons
This data set represents an ecological and laboratory-based experiment to understand influenza virus viability in surface water. Data tables included in this release consist of 1) daily mean water temperature, 2) viability of viruses maintained in water, 3) influenza detection in duck samples, 4) viral titers of experimentally inoculated water samples, and 5) water chemistry.
Molecular Sexing of Birds Using Quantitative PCR (qPCR) of Sex-Linked Genes and Logistic Models Molecular Sexing of Birds Using Quantitative PCR (qPCR) of Sex-Linked Genes and Logistic Models
This dataset provides cycle threshold (Ct) values achieved during qPCR for 6 sex-linked genes, and two autosomal genes, for individuals from 60 species and across 13 orders of birds.
Molecular Detection and Characterization of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Viruses in Wild Birds Inhabiting Western Alaska Provides Evidence for Three Independent Viral Introductions Molecular Detection and Characterization of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Viruses in Wild Birds Inhabiting Western Alaska Provides Evidence for Three Independent Viral Introductions
This data set describes three independent viral introductions of Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses into Alaska.
Antimicrobial resistance testing, and qPCR detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in surface water and gull (Larus spp.) feces on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, 2021 Antimicrobial resistance testing, and qPCR detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in surface water and gull (Larus spp.) feces on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, 2021
This data set includes information on collections of surface water and fecal samples from wild gulls (Larus spp.) at two locations on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, USA. Samples were screened for Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and tested for resistance to multiple antibiotics.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil carbon following coastal wetland loss at a Louisiana coastal salt marsh in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain in 2019 Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil carbon following coastal wetland loss at a Louisiana coastal salt marsh in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain in 2019
This dataset provides the water content, bulk density, carbon concentrations, nitrogen concentrations, and carbon content of all fourteen cores sampled in coastal Louisiana (CRMS 0224) in October of 2019. Each sample is identified by a unique identifier that corresponds to each site by depth increment combination. The pond age range associated with each site is provided. The depth...
Influenza A Virus Data from Migratory Birds, Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska Influenza A Virus Data from Migratory Birds, Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska
Dataset containing avian influenza screening results for waterfowl and gulls sampled during autumn in (or near) Izembek National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), Alaska, 2011-2024. These data contain information on species, age, and sex of birds sampled, collection dates, and laboratory testing information used to determine the presence and absence of influenza A viruses (IAVs).
Observational, virological, and serological data provide insights into an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza among wild birds on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska in 2022 Observational, virological, and serological data provide insights into an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza among wild birds on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska in 2022
In 2021–22, clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses were introduced by wild birds into North America, leading to geographically widespread disease. In response to HPAI outbreaks throughout late 2021 and early 2022, we recorded observations of sick and dead birds, estimated abundance of carcasses, collected swab and sera samples to detect viruses, and monitored...
Authors
Bryan Daniels, Erik Osnas, Megan Boldenow, Robert Gerlach, Christina Ahlstrom, Sarah Coburn, Michael Brook, Michael Brubaker, Julian Fischer, David Koons, Angela Matz, Marin Murphy, Daniel Rizzolo, Laura Scott, David Sinnett, Jordan Thompson, Juliana Lenoch, Mia Kim Torchetti, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson, Andrew Ramey
Exposure of wild mammals inhabiting Alaska to influenza A(H5N1) virus Exposure of wild mammals inhabiting Alaska to influenza A(H5N1) virus
Serum samples from wild mammals inhabiting Alaska, USA, showed that 4 species, including Ursus arctos bears and Vulpes vulpes foxes, were exposed to influenza A(H5N1) viruses. Results indicated some mammals in Alaska survived H5N1 virus infection. Surveillance efforts may be improved by incorporating information on susceptibility and detectable immune responses among wild mammals.
Authors
Andrew Ramey, Kimberlee B. Beckmen, David T. Saafeld, Kerry Nicholson, Buck Mangipane, Laura Scott, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson
Genomic characterization of highly pathogenic H5 avian influenza viruses from Alaska during 2022 provides evidence for genotype-specific trends of spatiotemporal and interspecies dissemination Genomic characterization of highly pathogenic H5 avian influenza viruses from Alaska during 2022 provides evidence for genotype-specific trends of spatiotemporal and interspecies dissemination
The ongoing panzootic of highly pathogenic H5 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza (HPAI) spread to North America in late 2021, with detections of HPAI viruses in Alaska beginning in April 2022. HPAI viruses have since spread across the state, affecting many species of wild birds as well as domestic poultry and wild mammals. To better understand the dissemination of HPAI viruses...
Authors
Christina Ahlstrom, Mia Torchetti, Julianna Lenoch, Kimberlee Beckmen, Megan Boldenow, Evan J Buck, Bryan Daniels, Krista Dilione, Robert Gerlach, Kristina Lantz, Angela Matz, Rebecca L. Poulson, Laura Scott, Gay Sheffield, David Sinnett, David E. Stallknecht, Raphaela Stimmelmayr, Eric Taylor, Alison Williams, Andrew Ramey
Infectivity of wild-bird origin Influenza A viruses in Minnesota wetlands across seasons Infectivity of wild-bird origin Influenza A viruses in Minnesota wetlands across seasons
The environmental tenacity of influenza A viruses (IAVs) in the environment likely plays a role in their transmission; IAVs are able to remain infectious in aquatic habitats and may have the capacity to seed outbreaks when susceptible wild bird hosts utilize these same environments months or even seasons later. Here, we aimed to assess the persistence of low-pathogenicity IAVs from...
Authors
Rebecca L. Poulson, Andrew Reeves, Christina Ahlstrom, Laura Scott, Laura Hubbard, Alinde Fojtik, Deborah Carter, David E. Stallknecht, Andrew Ramey
Molecular sexing of birds using quantitative PCR (qPCR) of sex-linked genes and logistic regression models Molecular sexing of birds using quantitative PCR (qPCR) of sex-linked genes and logistic regression models
The ability to sex individuals is an important component of many behavioural and ecological investigations and provides information for demographic models used in conservation and species management. However, many birds are difficult to sex using morphological characters or traditional molecular sexing methods. In this study, we developed probabilistic models for sexing birds using...
Authors
Eleni Leto Petrou, Laura Scott, Cherie Mckeeman, Andrew Ramey
Molecular detection and characterization of highly pathogenic H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza viruses among hunter-harvested wild birds provides evidence for three independent introductions into Alaska Molecular detection and characterization of highly pathogenic H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza viruses among hunter-harvested wild birds provides evidence for three independent introductions into Alaska
We detected and characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses among hunter-harvested wild waterfowl inhabiting western Alaska during September–October 2022 using a molecular sequencing pipeline applied to RNA extracts derived directly from original swab samples. Genomic characterization of 10 H5 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza viruses detected with high confidence provided...
Authors
Andrew Ramey, Laura Scott, Christina Ahlstrom, Evan Buck, Alison Williams, Mia Kim Torchetti, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson
Environmental antimicrobial resistance gene detection from wild bird habitats using two methods: A commercially available culture-independent qPCR assay and culture of indicator bacteria followed by whole-genome sequencing Environmental antimicrobial resistance gene detection from wild bird habitats using two methods: A commercially available culture-independent qPCR assay and culture of indicator bacteria followed by whole-genome sequencing
Objectives A variety of methods have been developed to detect antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in different environments to better understand the evolution and dissemination of this public health threat. Comparisons of results generated using different AMR detection methods, such as quantitative PCR (qPCR) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS), are often imperfect, and few studies have...
Authors
Christina Ahlstrom, Laura Scott, Hanna Woksepp, Jonas Bonnedahl, Andrew Ramey
A model of the spatiotemporal dynamics of soil carbon following coastal wetland loss applied to a Louisiana salt marsh in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain A model of the spatiotemporal dynamics of soil carbon following coastal wetland loss applied to a Louisiana salt marsh in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain
The potential for carbon sequestration in coastal wetlands is high due to protection of carbon (C) in flooded soils. However, excessive flooding can result in the conversion of the vegetated wetland to open water. This transition results in the loss of wetland habitat in addition to the potential loss of soil carbon. Thus, in areas experiencing rapid wetland submergence, such as the...
Authors
Donald Schoolmaster, Camille Stagg, Courtney Creamer, Claudia Laurenzano, Eric Ward, Mark Waldrop, Melissa M. Baustian, Tiong Aw, Sergio Merino, Rachel Villani, Laura Scott
Science and Products
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Migratory Birds
Migratory birds, and particularly those using habitats close to human settlements, may be infected with antibiotic resistant bacteria. The USGS is working with public health professionals to understand the role of birds in the maintenance and dispersal of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Additionally, the USGS is investigating how antibiotic resistant bacteria in birds may relate to public and...
Data for Assessing the Utility of eDNA Approaches for Determining the Impacts of Metal Mobilization from Thawing Permafrost on Fish Communities in Arctic Streams Data for Assessing the Utility of eDNA Approaches for Determining the Impacts of Metal Mobilization from Thawing Permafrost on Fish Communities in Arctic Streams
This data set describes results for laboratory experiments to determine the efficacy of environmental DNA quantitative PCR assays for four fish species when applied to filtered water samples containing metals mobilized from thawing permafrost.
Data for Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Surface Waters in Two National Parks in Alaska Data for Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Surface Waters in Two National Parks in Alaska
This data set describes the assessment of surface waters in Denali National Park and Preserve and Wrangell St. Elias National Park and Preserve for antimicrobial resistance genes during four summer months (May - August).
Data for Investigation of Egg Mortality in a Louisiana Population of Endangered Whooping Cranes Data for Investigation of Egg Mortality in a Louisiana Population of Endangered Whooping Cranes
This data set describes the genomic bacterial analysis of swabs and tissues collected from whooping cranes in Louisiana. The data includes targeted analysis from quantitative PCR for bacterial pathogens.
Validation and Application of a Standardized Quantitative PCR Assay for the Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Validation and Application of a Standardized Quantitative PCR Assay for the Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes
This data set describes results for two laboratory experiments to validate a quantitative PCR assay for the assessment of antimicrobial resistance genes in surface waters. Data are also provided for the application of the assay surface water samples collected from three national parks in Alaska.
Data on Exposure of Wild Mammals Inhabiting Alaska to H5N1 Influenza A Viruses Data on Exposure of Wild Mammals Inhabiting Alaska to H5N1 Influenza A Viruses
This data set describes serological data collected from mammals in Alaska and seropositivity to influenza A, clade 2.3.4.4b H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), North American lineage H5 low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI), and N1 antigens.
Data for Genomic Characterization of Highly Pathogenic H5 Avian Influenza Viruses from Alaska in 2022 Data for Genomic Characterization of Highly Pathogenic H5 Avian Influenza Viruses from Alaska in 2022
This data set describes genomic sequence information from 2022 used to infer spatiotemporal trends pertaining to the introductions of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses into Alaska and spread among wild birds, backyard poultry, and mammals.
Data for Infectivity of Wild-Bird Origin Influenza A Viruses in Minnesota Wetlands Across Seasons Data for Infectivity of Wild-Bird Origin Influenza A Viruses in Minnesota Wetlands Across Seasons
This data set represents an ecological and laboratory-based experiment to understand influenza virus viability in surface water. Data tables included in this release consist of 1) daily mean water temperature, 2) viability of viruses maintained in water, 3) influenza detection in duck samples, 4) viral titers of experimentally inoculated water samples, and 5) water chemistry.
Molecular Sexing of Birds Using Quantitative PCR (qPCR) of Sex-Linked Genes and Logistic Models Molecular Sexing of Birds Using Quantitative PCR (qPCR) of Sex-Linked Genes and Logistic Models
This dataset provides cycle threshold (Ct) values achieved during qPCR for 6 sex-linked genes, and two autosomal genes, for individuals from 60 species and across 13 orders of birds.
Molecular Detection and Characterization of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Viruses in Wild Birds Inhabiting Western Alaska Provides Evidence for Three Independent Viral Introductions Molecular Detection and Characterization of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Viruses in Wild Birds Inhabiting Western Alaska Provides Evidence for Three Independent Viral Introductions
This data set describes three independent viral introductions of Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses into Alaska.
Antimicrobial resistance testing, and qPCR detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in surface water and gull (Larus spp.) feces on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, 2021 Antimicrobial resistance testing, and qPCR detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in surface water and gull (Larus spp.) feces on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, 2021
This data set includes information on collections of surface water and fecal samples from wild gulls (Larus spp.) at two locations on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, USA. Samples were screened for Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and tested for resistance to multiple antibiotics.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil carbon following coastal wetland loss at a Louisiana coastal salt marsh in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain in 2019 Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil carbon following coastal wetland loss at a Louisiana coastal salt marsh in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain in 2019
This dataset provides the water content, bulk density, carbon concentrations, nitrogen concentrations, and carbon content of all fourteen cores sampled in coastal Louisiana (CRMS 0224) in October of 2019. Each sample is identified by a unique identifier that corresponds to each site by depth increment combination. The pond age range associated with each site is provided. The depth...
Influenza A Virus Data from Migratory Birds, Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska Influenza A Virus Data from Migratory Birds, Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska
Dataset containing avian influenza screening results for waterfowl and gulls sampled during autumn in (or near) Izembek National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), Alaska, 2011-2024. These data contain information on species, age, and sex of birds sampled, collection dates, and laboratory testing information used to determine the presence and absence of influenza A viruses (IAVs).
Observational, virological, and serological data provide insights into an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza among wild birds on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska in 2022 Observational, virological, and serological data provide insights into an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza among wild birds on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska in 2022
In 2021–22, clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses were introduced by wild birds into North America, leading to geographically widespread disease. In response to HPAI outbreaks throughout late 2021 and early 2022, we recorded observations of sick and dead birds, estimated abundance of carcasses, collected swab and sera samples to detect viruses, and monitored...
Authors
Bryan Daniels, Erik Osnas, Megan Boldenow, Robert Gerlach, Christina Ahlstrom, Sarah Coburn, Michael Brook, Michael Brubaker, Julian Fischer, David Koons, Angela Matz, Marin Murphy, Daniel Rizzolo, Laura Scott, David Sinnett, Jordan Thompson, Juliana Lenoch, Mia Kim Torchetti, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson, Andrew Ramey
Exposure of wild mammals inhabiting Alaska to influenza A(H5N1) virus Exposure of wild mammals inhabiting Alaska to influenza A(H5N1) virus
Serum samples from wild mammals inhabiting Alaska, USA, showed that 4 species, including Ursus arctos bears and Vulpes vulpes foxes, were exposed to influenza A(H5N1) viruses. Results indicated some mammals in Alaska survived H5N1 virus infection. Surveillance efforts may be improved by incorporating information on susceptibility and detectable immune responses among wild mammals.
Authors
Andrew Ramey, Kimberlee B. Beckmen, David T. Saafeld, Kerry Nicholson, Buck Mangipane, Laura Scott, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson
Genomic characterization of highly pathogenic H5 avian influenza viruses from Alaska during 2022 provides evidence for genotype-specific trends of spatiotemporal and interspecies dissemination Genomic characterization of highly pathogenic H5 avian influenza viruses from Alaska during 2022 provides evidence for genotype-specific trends of spatiotemporal and interspecies dissemination
The ongoing panzootic of highly pathogenic H5 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza (HPAI) spread to North America in late 2021, with detections of HPAI viruses in Alaska beginning in April 2022. HPAI viruses have since spread across the state, affecting many species of wild birds as well as domestic poultry and wild mammals. To better understand the dissemination of HPAI viruses...
Authors
Christina Ahlstrom, Mia Torchetti, Julianna Lenoch, Kimberlee Beckmen, Megan Boldenow, Evan J Buck, Bryan Daniels, Krista Dilione, Robert Gerlach, Kristina Lantz, Angela Matz, Rebecca L. Poulson, Laura Scott, Gay Sheffield, David Sinnett, David E. Stallknecht, Raphaela Stimmelmayr, Eric Taylor, Alison Williams, Andrew Ramey
Infectivity of wild-bird origin Influenza A viruses in Minnesota wetlands across seasons Infectivity of wild-bird origin Influenza A viruses in Minnesota wetlands across seasons
The environmental tenacity of influenza A viruses (IAVs) in the environment likely plays a role in their transmission; IAVs are able to remain infectious in aquatic habitats and may have the capacity to seed outbreaks when susceptible wild bird hosts utilize these same environments months or even seasons later. Here, we aimed to assess the persistence of low-pathogenicity IAVs from...
Authors
Rebecca L. Poulson, Andrew Reeves, Christina Ahlstrom, Laura Scott, Laura Hubbard, Alinde Fojtik, Deborah Carter, David E. Stallknecht, Andrew Ramey
Molecular sexing of birds using quantitative PCR (qPCR) of sex-linked genes and logistic regression models Molecular sexing of birds using quantitative PCR (qPCR) of sex-linked genes and logistic regression models
The ability to sex individuals is an important component of many behavioural and ecological investigations and provides information for demographic models used in conservation and species management. However, many birds are difficult to sex using morphological characters or traditional molecular sexing methods. In this study, we developed probabilistic models for sexing birds using...
Authors
Eleni Leto Petrou, Laura Scott, Cherie Mckeeman, Andrew Ramey
Molecular detection and characterization of highly pathogenic H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza viruses among hunter-harvested wild birds provides evidence for three independent introductions into Alaska Molecular detection and characterization of highly pathogenic H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza viruses among hunter-harvested wild birds provides evidence for three independent introductions into Alaska
We detected and characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses among hunter-harvested wild waterfowl inhabiting western Alaska during September–October 2022 using a molecular sequencing pipeline applied to RNA extracts derived directly from original swab samples. Genomic characterization of 10 H5 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza viruses detected with high confidence provided...
Authors
Andrew Ramey, Laura Scott, Christina Ahlstrom, Evan Buck, Alison Williams, Mia Kim Torchetti, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson
Environmental antimicrobial resistance gene detection from wild bird habitats using two methods: A commercially available culture-independent qPCR assay and culture of indicator bacteria followed by whole-genome sequencing Environmental antimicrobial resistance gene detection from wild bird habitats using two methods: A commercially available culture-independent qPCR assay and culture of indicator bacteria followed by whole-genome sequencing
Objectives A variety of methods have been developed to detect antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in different environments to better understand the evolution and dissemination of this public health threat. Comparisons of results generated using different AMR detection methods, such as quantitative PCR (qPCR) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS), are often imperfect, and few studies have...
Authors
Christina Ahlstrom, Laura Scott, Hanna Woksepp, Jonas Bonnedahl, Andrew Ramey
A model of the spatiotemporal dynamics of soil carbon following coastal wetland loss applied to a Louisiana salt marsh in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain A model of the spatiotemporal dynamics of soil carbon following coastal wetland loss applied to a Louisiana salt marsh in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain
The potential for carbon sequestration in coastal wetlands is high due to protection of carbon (C) in flooded soils. However, excessive flooding can result in the conversion of the vegetated wetland to open water. This transition results in the loss of wetland habitat in addition to the potential loss of soil carbon. Thus, in areas experiencing rapid wetland submergence, such as the...
Authors
Donald Schoolmaster, Camille Stagg, Courtney Creamer, Claudia Laurenzano, Eric Ward, Mark Waldrop, Melissa M. Baustian, Tiong Aw, Sergio Merino, Rachel Villani, Laura Scott