View looking upstream from the hiking trail at Dinosaur national monument. Shows Brown's Park, our camp and the boats, beach, river, scenic background with cottonwoods
Melissa A Lombard
Melissa Lombard is a Research Hydrologist in the New England Water Science Center.
In the broadest sense, Melissa's work is at the intersection of humans and the environment. Her research interests include connecting environmental geochemistry with human and ecosystem health. She uses machine learning models as a tool to understand, estimate, and predict contaminant occurrence in groundwater. She enjoys collaborating with epidemiologists and public health scientists to link the occurrence of contaminants in drinking water to human health outcomes. Melissa currently oversees and coordinates research at the USGS related to PFAS contamination of groundwater on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Prior to joining the USGS, her research included examining the potential human health effects from exposure to biodiesel and petroleum diesel emissions, the occurrence of mercury in rainwater, and the occurrence of pesticides and herbicides in groundwater. She has also worked with K-12 science educators and taught college level courses in geology and environmental science.
Professional Experience
Research Hydrologist, U.S. Geological Survey, New England Water Science Center, 2022 to Present
Hydrologist, U.S. Geological Survey, New England Water Science Center, 2017 to 2022
Lecturer, University of New Hampshire, 2016 to 2017
Visiting Assistant Professor, Georgia Southern University, 2014 to 2016
Senior Enforcement Specialist, New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, 2013 to 2014
Research Assistant and Adjunct Professor, Keene State College, 2011 to 2013
Education and Certifications
Ph.D. Earth and Environmental Science, University of New Hampshire, 2012
M.S. Geology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 2002
B.A. Geoscience, William Smith College, 1995
Affiliations and Memberships*
Licensed Professional Geologist, State of New Hampshire
Geological Society of New Hampshire
Geological Society of America
American Geophysical Union
Science and Products
Water withdrawal and consumption trends for thermoelectric-power plants in the conterminous United States, 2008-2020 Water withdrawal and consumption trends for thermoelectric-power plants in the conterminous United States, 2008-2020
Land application of drill waste: A scope analysis Land application of drill waste: A scope analysis
Cancer risk and estimated lithium exposure in drinking groundwater in the US Cancer risk and estimated lithium exposure in drinking groundwater in the US
Automating physics-based models to estimate thermoelectric-power water use Automating physics-based models to estimate thermoelectric-power water use
Association of water arsenic with incident diabetes in U.S. adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and The Strong Heart Study Association of water arsenic with incident diabetes in U.S. adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and The Strong Heart Study
Estimating lithium concentrations in groundwater used as drinking water for the conterminous United States Estimating lithium concentrations in groundwater used as drinking water for the conterminous United States
Contribution of arsenic and uranium in private wells and community water systems to urinary biomarkers in US adults: The Strong Heart Study and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Contribution of arsenic and uranium in private wells and community water systems to urinary biomarkers in US adults: The Strong Heart Study and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Cross-sectional associations between drinking water arsenic and urinary inorganic arsenic in the US: NHANES 2003-2014 Cross-sectional associations between drinking water arsenic and urinary inorganic arsenic in the US: NHANES 2003-2014
A hydrologic perspective of major U.S. droughts A hydrologic perspective of major U.S. droughts
Going beyond low flows: Streamflow drought deficit and duration illuminate distinct spatiotemporal drought patterns and trends in the U.S. during the last century Going beyond low flows: Streamflow drought deficit and duration illuminate distinct spatiotemporal drought patterns and trends in the U.S. during the last century
Arsenic in private well water and birth outcomes in the United States Arsenic in private well water and birth outcomes in the United States
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in groundwater used as a source of drinking water in the eastern United States Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in groundwater used as a source of drinking water in the eastern United States
Non-USGS Publications**
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
Coproduced Science Linking Environmental and Public-Health Data to Evaluate Drinking Water Arsenic Exposure on Birth Outcomes
USGS Publications on the Water Resources of Cape Cod and Southeastern Massachusetts
Preliminary Research into the Causes of Iron Fouling in Water at Roadway Construction Sites
Towards Understanding the Impact of Drought on the Arsenic Hazard for the Private Domestic Well Population in the United States
Linking environmental and public health data to evaluate health effects of arsenic exposure from domestic and public supply wells
Direct Human-Impact Classifications for Selected Groundwater Wells in the Conterminous United States, model archive Direct Human-Impact Classifications for Selected Groundwater Wells in the Conterminous United States, model archive
Groundwater Drought Metrics for Selected Groundwater Wells in the conterminous U.S. from 1981-2020 and from 2001-2020 Groundwater Drought Metrics for Selected Groundwater Wells in the conterminous U.S. from 1981-2020 and from 2001-2020
Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Other Chemical Constituents for Groundwater and Surface-Water Samples on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2019-2024 Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Other Chemical Constituents for Groundwater and Surface-Water Samples on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2019-2024
Land Application of Drilling Fluids in Oklahoma, Derived from Oklahoma Corporation Commission 1014 Permits, 1998-2020 Land Application of Drilling Fluids in Oklahoma, Derived from Oklahoma Corporation Commission 1014 Permits, 1998-2020
Geochemical Data for Coal Wastes from Historic Anthracite Coal Mining in Pennsylvania, 2024 Geochemical Data for Coal Wastes from Historic Anthracite Coal Mining in Pennsylvania, 2024
Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Other Chemical Constituents for Groundwater and Surface-Water Samples on Western Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2014-2019 (ver. 1.1, November 2025) Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Other Chemical Constituents for Groundwater and Surface-Water Samples on Western Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2014-2019 (ver. 1.1, November 2025)
Data and model archive used to model and map lithium concentrations in groundwater sources of drinking water in the conterminous United States Data and model archive used to model and map lithium concentrations in groundwater sources of drinking water in the conterminous United States
U.S. Streamflow Drought During the Last Century: annual drought and low flow metrics, annual climate, and trends for the periods 1921-, 1951- and 1981-2020 (ver. 1.1, August 2025) U.S. Streamflow Drought During the Last Century: annual drought and low flow metrics, annual climate, and trends for the periods 1921-, 1951- and 1981-2020 (ver. 1.1, August 2025)
Geospatial Fabric for National Hydrologic Modeling, version 1.1 Geospatial Fabric for National Hydrologic Modeling, version 1.1
Data used to model and map arsenic concentration exceedances in private wells throughout the conterminous United States for human health studies Data used to model and map arsenic concentration exceedances in private wells throughout the conterminous United States for human health studies
Datasets for assessing the impact of drought on arsenic exposure from private domestic wells in the conterminous United States Datasets for assessing the impact of drought on arsenic exposure from private domestic wells in the conterminous United States
Iron fouling data associated with drainage from roadway sites constructed with rock fill in New Hampshire Iron fouling data associated with drainage from roadway sites constructed with rock fill in New Hampshire
View looking upstream from the hiking trail at Dinosaur national monument. Shows Brown's Park, our camp and the boats, beach, river, scenic background with cottonwoods
A view looking down on the river from the hills above camp. View is upstream and shows a nice river meander with a point bar and scenic hills in the background. This is in Brown's Park.
A view looking down on the river from the hills above camp. View is upstream and shows a nice river meander with a point bar and scenic hills in the background. This is in Brown's Park.
The scenic view of the Gates of Lodore from Brown's Park. The Green River through Brown's Park is very calm, slow moving water, with canyon walls and up ahead looms the scar where the river has eroded it's way down through the mountains.
The scenic view of the Gates of Lodore from Brown's Park. The Green River through Brown's Park is very calm, slow moving water, with canyon walls and up ahead looms the scar where the river has eroded it's way down through the mountains.
A great examples of the crossbeds in the Uinta Formation, a quarzite dating back to the PreCambrian, on a beautiful sunny morning with mist hanging above the river as the sun rises.
A great examples of the crossbeds in the Uinta Formation, a quarzite dating back to the PreCambrian, on a beautiful sunny morning with mist hanging above the river as the sun rises.
A close-up of a bald eagle hanging out on a cliff along the Green River in swallow canyon
A close-up of a bald eagle hanging out on a cliff along the Green River in swallow canyon
Two of the SCREE rafts heading downstream through Swallow Canyon
Two of the SCREE rafts heading downstream through Swallow Canyon
A group of cliff swallow nests made from mud in the river in Swallow Canyon. Many of the nests have birds in them and can be identified by their yellow beaks sticking out.
A group of cliff swallow nests made from mud in the river in Swallow Canyon. Many of the nests have birds in them and can be identified by their yellow beaks sticking out.
A flock of pelicans in the water in Brown's Park.
A flock of pelicans in the water in Brown's Park.
View looking upstream at Flaming Gorge Dam from the boat launch area
View looking upstream at Flaming Gorge Dam from the boat launch area
View looking downstream from just below the boat launch at Flaming Gorge Dam.
View looking downstream from just below the boat launch at Flaming Gorge Dam.
Science and Products
Water withdrawal and consumption trends for thermoelectric-power plants in the conterminous United States, 2008-2020 Water withdrawal and consumption trends for thermoelectric-power plants in the conterminous United States, 2008-2020
Land application of drill waste: A scope analysis Land application of drill waste: A scope analysis
Cancer risk and estimated lithium exposure in drinking groundwater in the US Cancer risk and estimated lithium exposure in drinking groundwater in the US
Automating physics-based models to estimate thermoelectric-power water use Automating physics-based models to estimate thermoelectric-power water use
Association of water arsenic with incident diabetes in U.S. adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and The Strong Heart Study Association of water arsenic with incident diabetes in U.S. adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and The Strong Heart Study
Estimating lithium concentrations in groundwater used as drinking water for the conterminous United States Estimating lithium concentrations in groundwater used as drinking water for the conterminous United States
Contribution of arsenic and uranium in private wells and community water systems to urinary biomarkers in US adults: The Strong Heart Study and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Contribution of arsenic and uranium in private wells and community water systems to urinary biomarkers in US adults: The Strong Heart Study and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Cross-sectional associations between drinking water arsenic and urinary inorganic arsenic in the US: NHANES 2003-2014 Cross-sectional associations between drinking water arsenic and urinary inorganic arsenic in the US: NHANES 2003-2014
A hydrologic perspective of major U.S. droughts A hydrologic perspective of major U.S. droughts
Going beyond low flows: Streamflow drought deficit and duration illuminate distinct spatiotemporal drought patterns and trends in the U.S. during the last century Going beyond low flows: Streamflow drought deficit and duration illuminate distinct spatiotemporal drought patterns and trends in the U.S. during the last century
Arsenic in private well water and birth outcomes in the United States Arsenic in private well water and birth outcomes in the United States
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in groundwater used as a source of drinking water in the eastern United States Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in groundwater used as a source of drinking water in the eastern United States
Non-USGS Publications**
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
Coproduced Science Linking Environmental and Public-Health Data to Evaluate Drinking Water Arsenic Exposure on Birth Outcomes
USGS Publications on the Water Resources of Cape Cod and Southeastern Massachusetts
Preliminary Research into the Causes of Iron Fouling in Water at Roadway Construction Sites
Towards Understanding the Impact of Drought on the Arsenic Hazard for the Private Domestic Well Population in the United States
Linking environmental and public health data to evaluate health effects of arsenic exposure from domestic and public supply wells
Direct Human-Impact Classifications for Selected Groundwater Wells in the Conterminous United States, model archive Direct Human-Impact Classifications for Selected Groundwater Wells in the Conterminous United States, model archive
Groundwater Drought Metrics for Selected Groundwater Wells in the conterminous U.S. from 1981-2020 and from 2001-2020 Groundwater Drought Metrics for Selected Groundwater Wells in the conterminous U.S. from 1981-2020 and from 2001-2020
Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Other Chemical Constituents for Groundwater and Surface-Water Samples on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2019-2024 Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Other Chemical Constituents for Groundwater and Surface-Water Samples on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2019-2024
Land Application of Drilling Fluids in Oklahoma, Derived from Oklahoma Corporation Commission 1014 Permits, 1998-2020 Land Application of Drilling Fluids in Oklahoma, Derived from Oklahoma Corporation Commission 1014 Permits, 1998-2020
Geochemical Data for Coal Wastes from Historic Anthracite Coal Mining in Pennsylvania, 2024 Geochemical Data for Coal Wastes from Historic Anthracite Coal Mining in Pennsylvania, 2024
Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Other Chemical Constituents for Groundwater and Surface-Water Samples on Western Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2014-2019 (ver. 1.1, November 2025) Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Other Chemical Constituents for Groundwater and Surface-Water Samples on Western Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2014-2019 (ver. 1.1, November 2025)
Data and model archive used to model and map lithium concentrations in groundwater sources of drinking water in the conterminous United States Data and model archive used to model and map lithium concentrations in groundwater sources of drinking water in the conterminous United States
U.S. Streamflow Drought During the Last Century: annual drought and low flow metrics, annual climate, and trends for the periods 1921-, 1951- and 1981-2020 (ver. 1.1, August 2025) U.S. Streamflow Drought During the Last Century: annual drought and low flow metrics, annual climate, and trends for the periods 1921-, 1951- and 1981-2020 (ver. 1.1, August 2025)
Geospatial Fabric for National Hydrologic Modeling, version 1.1 Geospatial Fabric for National Hydrologic Modeling, version 1.1
Data used to model and map arsenic concentration exceedances in private wells throughout the conterminous United States for human health studies Data used to model and map arsenic concentration exceedances in private wells throughout the conterminous United States for human health studies
Datasets for assessing the impact of drought on arsenic exposure from private domestic wells in the conterminous United States Datasets for assessing the impact of drought on arsenic exposure from private domestic wells in the conterminous United States
Iron fouling data associated with drainage from roadway sites constructed with rock fill in New Hampshire Iron fouling data associated with drainage from roadway sites constructed with rock fill in New Hampshire
View looking upstream from the hiking trail at Dinosaur national monument. Shows Brown's Park, our camp and the boats, beach, river, scenic background with cottonwoods
View looking upstream from the hiking trail at Dinosaur national monument. Shows Brown's Park, our camp and the boats, beach, river, scenic background with cottonwoods
A view looking down on the river from the hills above camp. View is upstream and shows a nice river meander with a point bar and scenic hills in the background. This is in Brown's Park.
A view looking down on the river from the hills above camp. View is upstream and shows a nice river meander with a point bar and scenic hills in the background. This is in Brown's Park.
The scenic view of the Gates of Lodore from Brown's Park. The Green River through Brown's Park is very calm, slow moving water, with canyon walls and up ahead looms the scar where the river has eroded it's way down through the mountains.
The scenic view of the Gates of Lodore from Brown's Park. The Green River through Brown's Park is very calm, slow moving water, with canyon walls and up ahead looms the scar where the river has eroded it's way down through the mountains.
A great examples of the crossbeds in the Uinta Formation, a quarzite dating back to the PreCambrian, on a beautiful sunny morning with mist hanging above the river as the sun rises.
A great examples of the crossbeds in the Uinta Formation, a quarzite dating back to the PreCambrian, on a beautiful sunny morning with mist hanging above the river as the sun rises.
A close-up of a bald eagle hanging out on a cliff along the Green River in swallow canyon
A close-up of a bald eagle hanging out on a cliff along the Green River in swallow canyon
Two of the SCREE rafts heading downstream through Swallow Canyon
Two of the SCREE rafts heading downstream through Swallow Canyon
A group of cliff swallow nests made from mud in the river in Swallow Canyon. Many of the nests have birds in them and can be identified by their yellow beaks sticking out.
A group of cliff swallow nests made from mud in the river in Swallow Canyon. Many of the nests have birds in them and can be identified by their yellow beaks sticking out.
A flock of pelicans in the water in Brown's Park.
A flock of pelicans in the water in Brown's Park.
View looking upstream at Flaming Gorge Dam from the boat launch area
View looking upstream at Flaming Gorge Dam from the boat launch area
View looking downstream from just below the boat launch at Flaming Gorge Dam.
View looking downstream from just below the boat launch at Flaming Gorge Dam.
*Disclaimer: Listing outside positions with professional scientific organizations on this Staff Profile are for informational purposes only and do not constitute an endorsement of those professional scientific organizations or their activities by the USGS, Department of the Interior, or U.S. Government