Groundwater

The objective of this project is to provide technical support to U.S. Department of Defense (Army, Navy, Air Force). The choice of sites requiring USGS technical assistance will be made in consultation with base/facility personnel.

Atlantic City Naval Air Station (Atlantic City NAS) located in Egg Harbor Township, New Jersey covers an area of approximately 5,000 acres approximately 10 miles northwest of Atlantic City, in Atlantic County, New Jersey. The focus of this USACE investigation is the potential identification of mercury source areas and the migration of mercury within Area U (Absecon Creek Watershed), which...

The Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system underlies Winslow Township. Under natural conditions, water from the Kirkwood-Cohansey discharges to the perennial streams of the Great Egg Harbor River basin. This is referred to as the baseflow of the stream. Withdrawals by wells from the Kirkwood-Cohansey intercept ground water that would have discharged to a stream. In addition, if withdrawals are of...

Since 1982, mercury (Hg) concentrations that exceed the State and USEPA maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 2 g/L have been reported for water withdrawn from more than 600 domestic wells finished in the unconfined Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system in southern New Jersey. Actions have been taken to protect well owners from further exposure by providing treatment systems or hookups to public-water...

In the New Jersey Coastal Plain, where confined aquifers provide over 200 million gallons per day, effective water resource planning and management under increasingly complex circumstances requires a current and improving understanding of the limitations of the available water from confined aquifers, the interconnections between confined and unconfined aquifers, and the sources of flow to critical...

Few studies have evaluated or compared contaminant mass removal by Pump-and-Treat (P&T), Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA), or Enhanced Biodegradation (EB) in fractured-rock aquifers, partly because of the perceived hydrogeologic complexity, the lack of understanding of the processes controlling the migration and transformation of contaminants, and the lack of sufficient field data for...

The study examines the structure and function of the hydrologic system supporting Pinelands aquatic and wetland communities and the hydrologic and ecological response to groundwater-withdrawal stress. USGS components of the study focus on various aspects of the hydrologic system that controls groundwater and surface-water flow, depth of water in wetlands, and interactions between the groundwater...

Stormwater management rules set a mandatory state-wide standard to maintain 100% of the existing average annual recharge volume in a site from pre- to post-development. In addition, it has been widely recognized that the infiltration of stormwater runoff is an effective means to address increases in runoff volume.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) has been tasked by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) with assessing the economic and technical viability of specific remediation enhancements at the Lipari Landfill Superfund Site (Lipari) located in Mantua Township, NJ. This work includes determining the source of current groundwater contamination in aquifers underlying the landfill and...

The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in cooperation with the US Geological Survey (USGS) has developed a work plan to investigate the hydrogeologic framework of the Cornell-Dubilier Electronics Superfund Site (CDE) in South Plainfield, New Jersey. The objective is to collect and analyze a suite of borehole geophysics data from selected offsite monitoring wells in conjunction with...

Wetlands restoration projects have often been unsuccessful because the effects of changes in the hydrology and water quality on plant communities are poorly understood. The overall goal of the project is to evaluate the effects of the modification of the flow regime in an urban wetlands area on the hydrogeology, water quality, soil characteristics, and plant communities over a thee-year period...

The development of groundwater in the New Jersey Coastal Plain has occurred primarily near large population centers, creating large regional cones of depression in several of the New Jersey Coastal Plain aquifers. Continued decline of water levels in the confined aquifers poses the threat of serious adverse effects to the water supply in some areas, including the depletion of groundwater supplies...