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Wildlife Disease Case Definitions

Case definitions provide a standardized, science-based set of criteria for diagnosing disease and pathogens. This manual provides case definitions for selected diseases of importance to wildlife in Canada and the United States.

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January 1, 1995

Lead poisoning of spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) and of a common eider (Somateria mollissima) in Alaska Lead poisoning of spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) and of a common eider (Somateria mollissima) in Alaska

Lead poisoning was diagnosed in four spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) and one common eider (Somateria mollissima) found dead or moribund at the Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska (USA) in 1992, 1993, and 1994. Ingested lead shot was found in the lower esophagus of one spectacled eider and in the gizzard of the common eider. Lead concentrations in the livers of the...

Authors

J. Christian Franson, Margaret Petersen, Carol Meteyer, Milton Smith

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center, Alaska Science Center

January 1, 1995

Hawaii's endemic birds Hawaii's endemic birds

The endemic landbirds of Hawaii, particularly the Hawaiian honeycreepers, an endemic subfamily of the cardueline finches, are one of the world's most dramatic examples of adaptive radiation and speciation (see glossary) in island ecosystems (Freed et al. 1987; Scott et al. 1988). From what is believed to have been a single successful colonization of the Hawaiian Archipelago by an...

Authors

James Jacobi, Carter Atkinson

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

April 1, 1994

Some questions and answers to the mystery of sick owl syndrome Some questions and answers to the mystery of sick owl syndrome

No abstract available.

Authors

Thierry Work

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1994

Evaluation of Canada goose sterilization for population control Evaluation of Canada goose sterilization for population control

We evaluated the vasectomy of 72 male Canada geese as a method to control growing populations of nuisance geese in Westchester County, New York. Thirty-three of the vasectomized males paired with a female and were located during ≥1 breeding seasons; 7 treated males were not seen following surgery. The remaining 32 males were never observed paired with a female during the breeding season...

Authors

Kathryn Converse, James Kennelly

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1994

Ecological impact assessment Ecological impact assessment

No abstract available.

Authors

Joe Truett, Henry Short, Samuel Williamson

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center, Office of Science Quality and Integrity

January 1, 1994

Evaluation of causes of wildlife mortality Evaluation of causes of wildlife mortality

No abstract available.

Authors

Thomas Roffe, Milton Friend, Louis Locke

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1994

Guidelines for proper care and use of wildlife in field research Guidelines for proper care and use of wildlife in field research

No abstract available.

Authors

Milton Friend, D. Toweill, Robert Brownell, V. Nettles, Donald Davis, William Foreyt

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1994

Prevalence of eustrongylidosis in wading birds from colonies in California, Texas, and Rhode Island, USA Prevalence of eustrongylidosis in wading birds from colonies in California, Texas, and Rhode Island, USA

Snowy Egret (Egretta thula) and Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) nestlings from colonies in Texas, Rhode Island, and California and Great Egret (Casmerodius albus) nestlings from Texas were examined for eustrongylidosis, or infection by the parasitic nematode Eustrongylides spp. In 31% (24/77) of all broods examined, at least one nestling was infected. Snowy Egret broods...

Authors

J. Franson, T. W. Custer

Ecosystems Mission Area, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1994

Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report April 1994- June 1994 Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report April 1994- June 1994

No abstract available.

Authors

G. Kidd

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1994

Lead poisoning in a Mississippi sandhill crane Lead poisoning in a Mississippi sandhill crane

Lead poisoning from the ingestion of spent lead shot is well documented in waterfowl (Sanderson and Bellrose 1986) and has been reported in other wetland (Locke et al. 1991, Windingstad et al. 1984) and upland (Hunter and Rosen 1965, Locke and Bagley 1967) avian species. Ingested fishing weights have been implicated in lead poisoning of Trumpeter Swans (Cygnus buccinator) (Blus et al...

Authors

J. Christian Franson, Scott Hereford

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1994

Parathion poisoning of Mississippi kites in Oklahoma Parathion poisoning of Mississippi kites in Oklahoma

Parathion(phosphorothioic acid O, O-diethyl O-[4-nitrophenyl] ester) is a broad spectrum organophosphorus insecticide, used on a variety of crops and occasionally for mosquito control, and is highly toxic to birds (Smith 1987). Intentional poisoning with parathion is reported to have killed more than 8000 red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus), common grackles (Quiscalus quiscula)...

Authors

J. Christian Franson

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1994

Avian leucocyte counting using the hemocytometer Avian leucocyte counting using the hemocytometer

Automated methods for counting leucocytes in avian blood are not available because of the presence of nucleated erythrocytes and thrombocytes. Therefore, total white blood cell counts are performed by hand using a hemocytometer. The Natt and Herrick and the Unopette methods are the most common stain and diluent preparations for this procedure. Replicate hemocytometer counts using these...

Authors

F. J. Dein, A. Wilson, D. Fischer, P. Langenberg

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center