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Case definitions provide a standardized, science-based set of criteria for diagnosing disease and pathogens. This manual provides case definitions for selected diseases of importance to wildlife in Canada and the United States.

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January 1, 1996

Reproductive success, developmental anomalies and environmental contaminants in double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) Reproductive success, developmental anomalies and environmental contaminants in double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus)

To test an association between environmental contaminants and the prevalence of congenital anomalies in colonial waterbirds, we collected representative eggs for chemical analysis from double-crested cormorant nests at colonies in Lake Michigan, Wisconsin, USA, and Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba, Canada, and periodically revisited the nests to determine the hatching success, survivorship of...

Authors

J. M. Larson, W. H. Karasov, L. Sileo, K. L. Stromborg, B. A. Hanbidge, J. P. Giesy, P. D. Jones, D. E. Tillitt, D. A. Verbrugge

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1996

Haemoproteus iwa n. sp. in great frigatebirds (Fregata minor [Gmelin]) from Hawaii: Parasite morphology and prevalence Haemoproteus iwa n. sp. in great frigatebirds (Fregata minor [Gmelin]) from Hawaii: Parasite morphology and prevalence

We describe a new species of Haemoproteus Kruse, 1890 from great frigatebirds (Fregata minor [Gmelin]) captured on Tern Island-French Frigate Shoals and Laysan Island in Hawaii. Parasite prevalence on Laysan Island (35%) was not significantly different than that of Tern Island (36%). On Laysan, prevalence was highest in juveniles (52%), followed by adult males (29%) and adult females (19...

Authors

Thierry M. Work, Robert Rameyer

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1996

Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report

No abstract available.

Authors

G. Kidd

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1996

Similarities and life cycle distributions of floras of 22 national parks in the midwestern United States Similarities and life cycle distributions of floras of 22 national parks in the midwestern United States

Twenty-two midwestern U.S. national parks were studied to examine the similarities of their floras and analyses of the floras in each national park were used to construct groupings of these smaller sample areas at various similarity levels in order to classify larger floristic areas. The parks were not on average very similar based on Jaccard's similarity index. The maximum average park...

Authors

James P. Bennett

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1996

Interpretation of tissue lead residues in birds other than waterfowl Interpretation of tissue lead residues in birds other than waterfowl

No abstract available.

Authors

J. Christian Franson

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1996

Element concentrations on Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. after three years of transplanting along Lake Michigan Element concentrations on Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. after three years of transplanting along Lake Michigan

Improvements in air quality in air polluted areas are often followed by recolonization of habitats by sensitive lichens that had died out when air quality was worse. To test the hypothesis that air quality at Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore has improved such that lichens could recolonize the area, samples of a species that once grew in the park, Hypogymnia physodes, were transplanted...

Authors

James P. Bennett, M. J. Dibben, K. J. Lyman

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1996

Floristic summary of 22 National Parks in the Midwestern United States Floristic summary of 22 National Parks in the Midwestern United States

Biological diversity is studied at many geographical scales, but specimen collecting is invariably done at a local level. Collecting of animal and plant specimens leads to the compilation of checklists for multiple small areas, which are sometimes merged to produce larger, regional checklists. Such an approach was employed to study the regional vascular flora of 22 national parks of the...

Authors

J. P. Bennett

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1996

A retrospective study of postmortem findings in red-tailed hawks A retrospective study of postmortem findings in red-tailed hawks

We studied necropsy results from carcasses of 163 red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) submitted to the National Wildlife Health Center from 1975 through 1992. The most frequent postmortem finding was emaciation of unknown etiology, diagnosed in 33 (20%) carcasses. Proportionally more juveniles than adults were emaciated. Evidence of non-gunshot trauma, often suggestive of collision with...

Authors

J. Christian Franson, Nancy Thomas, Milton R. Smith, A. H. Robbins, S. Newman, P. C. McCartin

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1996

Diagnostic findings in 132 great horned owls Diagnostic findings in 132 great horned owls

We reviewed diagnostic findings for 132 great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) carcasses that were submitted to the National Wildlife Health Center from 1975-93. The carcasses were collected in 24 states but most came from Colorado (N = 21), Missouri (N = 12), Oregon (N = 12), Wyoming (N = 11), Illinois (N = 10), and Wisconsin (N = 9). Forty-two birds were emaciated but presumptive causes...

Authors

J. Christian Franson, S. E. Little

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 1996

Helminth parasites of the osprey, Pandion haliaetus, in North America Helminth parasites of the osprey, Pandion haliaetus, in North America

A total of 28 species of helminths (17 trematodes, 3 cestodes, 7 nematodes, and 1 acanthocephalan) was recovered from 17 ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) from the United States. Intensities of infection were low and no lesions were attributed to the parasites. Seven species appear to be specialists in ospreys, 2 species generalists in raptors, and the remainder generalists in other orders of...

Authors

J. M. Kinsella, Rebecca A. Cole, Donald J. Forrester, Constance L. Roderick

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

December 1, 1995