Publications

The U.S. Geological Survey conducted an extensive seismic refraction survey in the Imperial Valley region of California in 1979. The Imperial Valley is located in the Salton Trough, an active rift between the Pacific and North American plates. Forty shots fired at seven shot points were recorded by 100 portable seismic instruments at typical spacing of 0.5–1 km. More than 1300 recording locations

The important role of pore pressure in promoting such brittle processes as cataclasis, hydraulic fracturing, large‐scale faulting, and earthquakes within the crust is widely accepted in geology and geophysics [, 1957; , 1959; , 1958; ., 1963; , 1968; ., 1968; ., 1976; , 1973, 1980; , 1981]. Provided that fluid pressure is fully communicated with rock pore space, the effective normal stresses that

Crystallographically oriented single‐crystal prisms of gem quality topaz (composition AlSiO (OH− F) where x = 0.04 ± 0.01) were deformed at a confining pressure of 1.50 GPa, a temperature of 800°C, and a strain rate of 2×10 s. Under nearly identical conditions, all crystals of anhydrous rock‐forming minerals that have been tested to date, such as olivine, quartz, feldspars, pyroxenes, and refracto

A hydrothermally grown synthetic quartz crystal with 370±60 ppm hydroxyl impurity was cut into right rectangular prisms in eight crystallographic orientations. We compressed the prisms under constant axial force corresponding to a uniaxial stress of 140.0±0.5 MPa, and temperatures of 510° and 750°C. All but one of the samples sustained permanent axial strains of 2–3%. We established the operating

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Data from 40 historical world-wide earthquakes were studied to determine the characteristics, geologic environments, and hazards of landslides caused by seismic events. This sample of 40 events was supplemented with intensity data from several hundred United States earthquakes to study relations between landslide distribution and seismic parameters. Fourteen types of landslides were identified in

Plateau-side terraces in arid areas around the world are commonly described as pediment remnants, although, in many cases, they may have been formed by debris-flow deposition. Pediments do exist in the area of the Aquarius and Kaiparowits Plateaus of southern Utah; however, many alluvial terraces that were classified by previous workers as pediments are actually formed of thick deposits of sedimen

The continental slope off the northeastern United States is a relatively steep, morphologically complex surface which shows abundant evidence of submarine slides and related processes. Because this area may be developed by the petroleum industry, questions arise concerning the potential for further slope failures or unacceptable deformations and the conditions necessary to cause such instabilities

Talus deposits recovered from Site 536 show evidence of aragonite dissolution, secondary porosity development, and calcite cementation. Although freshwater diagenesis could account for the petrographic features of the altered talus deposits, it does not uniquely account for isotopic or trace-element characteristics. Also, the hydrologic setting required for freshwater alteration is not easily demo