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What a difference a day makes: When and where are daily satellite observations of morphology and deformation needed during volcanic eruptions and unrest? What a difference a day makes: When and where are daily satellite observations of morphology and deformation needed during volcanic eruptions and unrest?
Daily high-spatial-resolution satellite imagery at active volcanoes could be used to anticipate eruptions and save lives, but is only rarely available or used in real time. Specifically, daily repeat coverage of ground deformation, topography, and surface morphology at volcanoes is now possible using high-spatial resolution optical and radar imagery (
Authors
Matthew E. Pritchard, Michael P. Poland, Marco Bagnardi, Susanna K. Ebmeier, Juliet Biggs, Edna W. Dualeh, Federico Galetto, Raphael Grandin, Arthur Hauck, Christelle Wauthier
The path to FAIR research models: Lessons learned The path to FAIR research models: Lessons learned
Numerical modeling of Earth surface processes emerged as an important scientific tool in the late 1960s to mid-1970s, driven by the development of finite element methods in computer science. These advancements, initially applied in civil engineering, enabled scientists to simulate complex geological phenomena. At that time, models were often only described in publications, access was...
Authors
Albert Kettner, Leslie Hsu, Brandon Serna
Steps toward a satellite-based global volcano monitoring and early warning system: From pilot to demonstrator to GVEWERS Steps toward a satellite-based global volcano monitoring and early warning system: From pilot to demonstrator to GVEWERS
The consequences of volcanic eruptions span a broad range. Large explosive eruptions that recur every several hundred to thousands of years can impact global climate, but even small eruptions of a magnitude that takes place multiple times each year someplace on Earth can have devastating effects given the large number of people who live near volcanoes. Ground-based monitoring is...
Authors
Michael P. Poland, Juliet Biggs, M. E. Pritchard, Marco Bagnardi, Susanna K. Ebmeier, Christelle Wauthier, Andrew Eddy, Antonio Montuori, Simona Zoffoli
A ground-motion model derived using a generalized mean rupture distance for large slab interface earthquakes A ground-motion model derived using a generalized mean rupture distance for large slab interface earthquakes
Source–station distance is a central input to ground‐motion models (GMMs) for predicting seismic shaking. GMM development uses distance metrics including the Joyner–Boore distance, which is the shortest distance from an observation point to the surface projection of the earthquake rupture, and Rrup the shortest distance to the rupture in three dimensions. Thompson and Baltay (2018)...
Authors
Jessica R. Murray, Grace Alexandra Parker
Oil in the Alaska North Slope gas hydrate reservoir: Micro-CT and flow simulation insights into permeability Oil in the Alaska North Slope gas hydrate reservoir: Micro-CT and flow simulation insights into permeability
Gas hydrate-bearing sands on the Alaska North Slope (ANS) host minor volumes of crude oil whose impact on formation permeability has never been quantified relative to a gas hydrate reservoir system. Here, we combine in situ pressure-core microcomputed-tomography (μ-CT), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), gas-chromatography–mass-spectrometry (GC–MS), scanning-electron microscopy coupled...
Authors
Mengwei Liu, John W. Pohlman, William F. Waite, Mathias Pohl, Karl Jarvis, Chris Atallah, James A. Poston, Pamela Campbell, Timothy S. Collett, Evgeniy Myshakin, Yongkoo Seol
The influence of surface crust dynamics and sediment availability on aeolian dust emission from ephemeral lake beds: Evidence from Etosha Pan, Namibia The influence of surface crust dynamics and sediment availability on aeolian dust emission from ephemeral lake beds: Evidence from Etosha Pan, Namibia
Ephemeral lake beds (playas) are major global sources of atmospheric mineral dust, yet controls governing sediment availability and emission potential at fine spatial scales remain poorly constrained. This study presents the first in situ measurements of surface erodibility and potential PM10 emission fluxes from Etosha Pan, Namibia. Threshold shear velocities and PM10 emission fluxes...
Authors
Natasha S. Wallum, Giles F.S. Wiggs, Rosemary A. Huck, Jenifer Amy Leidelmeijer, Harland L. Goldstein
Can a physics-based fire behavior model predict burn severity and post-fire debris flow hazard? Can a physics-based fire behavior model predict burn severity and post-fire debris flow hazard?
Post-wildfire flooding and debris flows pose a threat to ecosystems and infrastructure. As the frequency and size of severe wildfires increase, there is a growing need for predictive debris flow hazard modeling in unburned but fire-prone landscapes. However, no crosswalks have been established between physics-based models of fire behavior and the remotely sensed burn severity inputs...
Authors
Niko J. Tutland, Rachel A. Loehman, Jason W. Kean
The US XPD-24–200—An isokinetic suspended-sediment and water-quality collapsible-bag sampler with point- or depth-integrating sampling capabilities The US XPD-24–200—An isokinetic suspended-sediment and water-quality collapsible-bag sampler with point- or depth-integrating sampling capabilities
Accurate collection of fluvial suspended‑sediment and water‑quality samples is essential for understanding transport processes, evaluating river health, quantifying loads, and supporting regulatory and management decisions. Since 1939, the Federal Interagency Sedimentation Project (FISP) has led the development and standardization of sediment‑sampling equipment and methods across Federal...
Authors
Joel T. Groten, Claire E. Rose, Wayne O'Neal, Lane B. Simmons, Timothy D. Straub, Paul Diaz,
Bridging remote sensing advances and management needs for small Prairie Pothole waterbodies using a multiscale accuracy assessment Bridging remote sensing advances and management needs for small Prairie Pothole waterbodies using a multiscale accuracy assessment
Remote sensing of surface water provides a powerful tool to inform the management of waterfowl habitat, but there is little information available to directly assess the relative accuracy of different remote sensing datasets. Our objective was to understand how the characteristics of remotely sensed inundation datasets inform dataset accuracy, the reliable detection of small waterbodies...
Authors
Audrey Claire Lothspeich, Owen P. McKenna, Melanie K. Vanderhoof
A practical framework for identifying genetic subpopulations and ESUs: Insights for IUCN assessments and broader management A practical framework for identifying genetic subpopulations and ESUs: Insights for IUCN assessments and broader management
Species conservation assessments evaluate extinction risk, and recovery potential, advancing species persistence through guiding resource prioritization and planning. Assessment frameworks, including the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List and Green Status of Species, typically focus on species as a whole. Importantly, they do not routinely account for genetically...
Authors
Julia C. Geue, Laura D. Bertola, Paulette Bloomer, Anna Bruniche-Olsen, Jessica M. da Silva, J. Andrew DeWoody, Ancuta Fedorca, José A. Godoy, Catherine E. Grueber, Margaret Hunter, Christina Hvilsom, Evelyn L. Jensen, Alexander Kopatz, Anna J. MacDonald, Silvia Pérez-Espona, Antoinette J. Piaggio, Jennifer Pierson, Isa-Rita M. Russo, Helen Senn, Gernot Segelbacher, Paul Sunnucks, Cock van Oosterhout, Deborah M. Leigh
Individual encounter data of six African carnivore species optimized for multi-species density estimation Individual encounter data of six African carnivore species optimized for multi-species density estimation
The ability to estimate abundances of multiple wildlife species within an area is valuable for both conservation and ecological inquiry. Spatially explicit capture–recapture (SCR) methods are commonly used to obtain reliable population size estimates, particularly for low-density and individually identifiable carnivore species. However, estimating abundance within multi-species...
Authors
Laura Christine Gigliotti, Gates Dupont, Chris Sutherland, Charli Pretorius, Simon Naylor, Kerrin Allan, Gonçalo Curveira-Santos
Abundance, trends, and challenges facing mountain goats throughout their North American distribution Abundance, trends, and challenges facing mountain goats throughout their North American distribution
Recent declines among some mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus) populations have heightened concern about their current status and ability to cope with future challenges. We conducted a range-wide assessment of the status of mountain goats across their distribution to understand the extent and patterns of change in recent years. We queried states, provinces, National Parks, and Indigenous
Authors
Richard B. Harris, Steve Bethune, Mark Biel, Roy T. Churchwell, Julie Cunningham, Rob Found, Tabitha A. Graves, Anne Hubbs, Tyler Jessen, Bill Jex, Joshua Kirk, Meghan Larivee, Chadwick P. Lehman, Brian MacBeth, Hollie Miyasaki, Tony W. Mong, William Moore, Susan Oehlers, Todd Rinaldi, Kristin M. Rine, Rusty Robinson, Zachary L. Robinson, Jennifer Sevigny, Michael Sevigny, Kyle Smith, David Vales, Kevin White, Don Whittaker, Carmen Wong, Travis Wyman