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The USGS provides unbiased, objective, and impartial scientific information upon which our audiences, including resource managers, planners, and other entities, rely.
Browse more than 65,000 articles authored by our scientists over the past 100+ year history of the USGS and refine search by topic, location, year, and advanced search.
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Aromatic fluorine compounds. XI. Replacement of chlorine by fluorine in halopyridines
The α-halogenated pyridines react with potassium fluoride in various solvents to give replacement of the α-halogen by fluorine. A 50% yield of 2-fluoropyridine was obtained from 2-chloropyridine by heating with potassium fluoride in dimethyl sulfone or tetramethylene sulfone for twenty-one days; 2-bromopyridine gave a similar yield with a heating period of only seven days. The α-halogens of the po
Authors
G. C. Finger, L. D. Starr, D. R. Dickerson, H. S. Gutowsky, J. Hamer
Band loss by nestling mourning doves
Nestling mourning doves (Zenaidura macroura) were banded and checked for band loss prior to fledging at Parchman, Mississippi, during the months of June-August, 1960. Three hundred seventy-seven nestlings 4-6 days of age were banded, 117 with size 3 bands, 120 with size 3A bands, and 140 with size 3A bands secured by Dalzoflex tape. Two hundred twenty nestlings 7-9 days of age were banded, 114 wit
Authors
C.F. Kaczynski, W.H. Kiel
Basalts dredged from the northeastern Pacific Ocean
Volcanic rocks dredged from seamounts, fault ridges, and other major geological features of the northeast Pacific Ocean include a wide variety of basalts. Most of these are vesicular, porphyritic types with near analogues in the Hawaiian and other oceanic islands. in addition, aluminous basalts and diabasic tholeiites impoverished in potassium also occur. There is no simple correlation of composit
Authors
C.G. Engel, A.E.J. Engel
Biological Laboratory, Ann Arbor, Michigan
This laboratory located about 40 miles west of Detroit, near the intersection of highways I-94 and US-23, can be reached by bus, railroad, or via commercial airlines to Detroit Willow Run or Metropolitan airports. Field biological stations are located in Wisconsin at Ashland; in Ohio at Sandusky; and in Michigan at Ludington, Marquette, Millersburg, and Northville.
Authors
James W. Moffett
Boron-oxygen polyanion in the crystal structure of tunellite
The crystal structure of tunellite, SrO·3B2O3·4H2O, with infinite sheets of composition n[B6O9(OH)2]2-, has cations and water molecules in the spaces within the sheets. Adjacent sheets are held together by hydrogen bonding through the water molecules. The boron-oxygen polyanions provide the first example in hydrated borate crystals of one oxygen linked to three borons.
Authors
J. R. Clark
Co-oxidation of the sulfur-containing amino acids in an autoxidizing lipid system
Oxidation of the sulfur amino acids by autoxidizing lipids was studied in a model system consisting of an amino acid dispersed in cold-pressed, molecularly distilled menhaden oil (20–80% w/w). Under all conditions investigated, cysteine was oxidized completely to cystine. Preliminary results suggest that at 110°C the oxidation follows first-order kinetics for at least the first 8 hr. A specific re
Authors
Gary Wedemeyer, A.M. Dollar
Concentrations of common lead in some atlantic and mediterranean waters and in snow
[No abstract available]
Authors
M. Tatsumoto, C.C. Patterson
Conversations on ecology IV
The conversations on ecology have mentioned the pesticide problem, and in such discussion it is easy to lose sight of the basic philosophic view which is an undercurrent in Miss Carson's book. I should like to expand on that philosophic premise and examine some of its implications for planning vegetation management measures as well as other measures for resource development.
Authors
Luna Bergere Leopold
Deuterium in Iceland waters
From the deuterium analysis of 159 samples of water collected in Iceland from hot-water boreholes, cold and hot springs, rivers and rain, the geographical distribution of deuterium in surface waters is plotted. On the basis of the deuterium analysis, the water from boreholes near Reykjavik does not originate from local precipitation. The variation of deuterium content of these water wells with tim
Authors
I. Friedman, T. Sigurgeirsson, O. Gardarsson
Diffusion of herbicides through plastic film
Plastic film have been used by fishery workers as barriers to subdivide experimental ponds in order to assess the value of some chemical treatment, and as test vessels to contain dilute solutions or suspensions of toxic chemicals in experiments conducted to establish tolerance levels of these chemicals for fish.
Authors
W.R. Bridges, Herman O. Sanders