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The USGS provides unbiased, objective, and impartial scientific information upon which our audiences, including resource managers, planners, and other entities, rely.
The USGS provides unbiased, objective, and impartial scientific information upon which our audiences, including resource managers, planners, and other entities, rely.
Browse more than 5,500 book chapters authored by our scientists over the past 100+ year history of the USGS and refine search by topic, location, year, and advanced search.
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Remote sensing of global croplands for food security: Way forward Remote sensing of global croplands for food security: Way forward
This book opens a new pathway for global mapping that is focused on a specific land use theme, such as irrigated or rain-fed croplands and classes within these themes. Since croplands use most of the water consumed by humans, specific knowledge of irrigated and rain-fed croplands will be critical for precise estimates of water use. At present and in the coming decades, irrigated and rain...
Authors
Prasad S. Thenkabail, John G. Lyon
Salt marsh-mangrove interactions in Australasia and the Americas Salt marsh-mangrove interactions in Australasia and the Americas
No abstract available.
Authors
Neil Saintilan, Kerrylee Rogers, Karen McKee
Standardizing electrofishing power for boat electrofishing: chapter 14 Standardizing electrofishing power for boat electrofishing: chapter 14
Standardization of electrofishing can help reduced the variability of survey data and potentially reduce injur of fish. Without standardization, differences among collections can be partially attributed to disparities in electrofishing methodology, intensity of the electrical field, and size of the electrical field rather than to disparities in fish abundance, population structure, or...
Authors
L.E. Miranda
Stochastic variation in avian survival rates: Life-history predictions, population consequences, and the potential responses to human perturbations and climate change Stochastic variation in avian survival rates: Life-history predictions, population consequences, and the potential responses to human perturbations and climate change
Stochastic variation in survival rates is expected to decrease long-term population growth rates. This expectation influences both life-history theory and the conservation of species. From this expectation, Pfister (1998) developed the important life-history prediction that natural selection will have minimized variability in those elements of the annual life cycle (such as adult...
Authors
Joel A. Schmutz
The increasing wildfire and post-fire debris-flow threat in western USA, and implications for consequences of climate change The increasing wildfire and post-fire debris-flow threat in western USA, and implications for consequences of climate change
In southern California and the intermountain west of the USA, debris flows generated from recently-burned basins pose significant hazards. Increases in the frequency and size of wildfires throughout the western USA can be attributed to increases in the number of fire ignitions, fire suppression practices, and climatic influences. Increased urbanization throughout the western USA...
Authors
Susan H. Cannon, Jerry DeGraff
The Mauna Loa carbon dioxide record: lessons for long-term Earth observations The Mauna Loa carbon dioxide record: lessons for long-term Earth observations
The Mauna Loa carbon dioxide record is an iconic symbol of the human capacity to alter the planet. Yet this record would not have been possible without the remarkable work of one man, Charles David Keeling. We describe three emergent themes that characterized his work: (1) his desire to study and understand the processes that control atmospheric CO2 and the global carbon cycle, (2) his...
Authors
Eric T. Sundquist, Ralph F. Keeling
The origin and paleoclimatic significance of carbonate sand dunes deposited on the California Channel Islands during the last glacial period The origin and paleoclimatic significance of carbonate sand dunes deposited on the California Channel Islands during the last glacial period
No abstract available.
Authors
Daniel R. Muhs, Gary Skipp, R. Randall Schumann, Donald L. Johnson, John P. McGeehin, Jossh Beann, Joshua Freeman, Timothy A. Pearce, Zachary Muhs Rowland
The post-Mazama northwest rift zone eruption at Newberry Volcano, Oregon The post-Mazama northwest rift zone eruption at Newberry Volcano, Oregon
The northwest rift zone (NWRZ) eruption took place at Newberry Volcano ~7000 years ago after the volcano was mantled by tephra from the catastrophic eruption that destroyed Mount Mazama and produced the Crater Lake caldera. The NWRZ eruption produced multiple lava flows from a variety of vents including cinder cones, spatter vents, and fissures, possibly in more than one episode...
Authors
Daniele McKay, Julie M. Donnelly-Nolan, Robert A. Jensen, Duane E. Champion
Warmwater and coldwater fish in two-story stranding waters Warmwater and coldwater fish in two-story stranding waters
Two-story fisheries occur in lakes or reservoirs characterized by two distinct spatial strata, warmwater and coldwater. These strata develop as the system begins to warm in the spring or summer in response to solar radiation and then separate into an upper warmwater stratum (epilimnion, hereafter referred to as the upper stratum) and a lower coldwater stratum (hypolimnion, hereafter...
Authors
Phaedra E. Budy, Gary P. Thiede, Chris Luecke, Roger W. Schneidervin
Warmwater fish in large standing waters Warmwater fish in large standing waters
Large standing waters are defined as those larger than 200 ha. Water temperature is a major determinant of fish assemblages in large standing water of North America (Matthews 1998 ). From a thermal perspective, eaters are broadly classified into coldwater (inhabited by trout and salmon) and warmwater (intolerable to trout and salmon). Warmwater fish assemblages follow latitudinal and...
Authors
L.E. Miranda, Jeff Boxrucker