Dr. Cheyenne Smith of the USGS Eastern Ecological Science Center coaches USGS Idaho Water Science Center hydrologic technician Niko Parrish in dissecting a mountain whitefish from northern Idaho's Kootenai River. The samples for histopathology analyses were collected as part of monitoring and assessment of water quality in the transboundary Kootenai River basin.
Christopher Mebane
Christopher Mebane is the Deputy Center Director of the USGS Idaho Water Science Center in Boise, Idaho.
Chris describes himself as a "dirty water biologist" with interests and experience in water pollution ecology in streams, that is, relating human-influences on stream environments to biological effects and estimating risks of adverse effects. His recent interests and work have included effects of mining and trace elements on stream ecosystems, developing biotic ligand models (BLMs) to predict effects of metal mixtures in natural waters, and studies of nutrient enrichments and eutrophication in streams.
His professional interests and experience are focused on water pollution ecology in streams, that is, relating human-influences on stream environments to biological effects and estimating risks of adverse effects. Particular areas of interests include:
- Effects of nutrient enrichment on stream ecosystems. Particular aspects of interest include 1) factors limiting nuisance growth in rooted aquatic plants vs. algae, 2) integrating experimental and field bioassessment information between factors such nutrients, flows, algae and plants.
- Ecological risk assessment, in particular predicting risks, adverse effects, and safe concentrations of trace metals in freshwater ecosystems. Particular aspects of interest include 1) water quality criteria development; 2) expanding the use of predictive toxicity models, with a recent emphasis on the biotic ligand model (BLM) with cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc; 3) relating ecotoxicology testing to natural systems through population modeling or field studies.
- Use of aquatic bioassessment or biomonitoring techniques to interpret changing environmental conditions.
Science and Products
Monitoring Mining Effects in the Kootenai River Watershed
Assessing the impacts of mining on the Transboundary Koocanusa Reservoir
Idaho's Large River Ambient Monitoring Network
Modeling the Hydraulic and Water-Quality Habitat Suitability for Macrophytes in the Middle Snake River, South-Central Idaho
Effects of Nutrient Enrichment on Stream Ecosystems (Upper Snake River Basin NAWQA)
Potential Toxicity of Multiple Metals Associated with PGE Deposits
Panther Creek: Evaluating Recovery of a Mining-Damaged Stream Ecosystem
Coeur d'Alene Lake Water Quality
Benthic community composition and chemistry of water, sediment, and periphyton throughout a copper treatment to eradicate invasive mussels in the Snake River, Idaho, 2023
Selenium in water, sediment, periphyton, benthic invertebrate and fish tissues from the Kootenai River, Idaho and Montana
Nutrient limitation of algae and duckweed in streams: data from laboratory bioassays and field experiments
Metals concentrations in insect tissues and water from the Panther Creek watershed, Idaho, September 2015
Selenium and mercury in the Kootenai River, Montana and Idaho, 2018-2019
Acute and latent effects of zinc on two commonly tested species (Ceriodaphnia dubia and Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Dr. Cheyenne Smith of the USGS Eastern Ecological Science Center coaches USGS Idaho Water Science Center hydrologic technician Niko Parrish in dissecting a mountain whitefish from northern Idaho's Kootenai River. The samples for histopathology analyses were collected as part of monitoring and assessment of water quality in the transboundary Kootenai River basin.
The Snake River near Twin Falls, Idaho. The Perrine Memorial Bridge can be seen in the background.
The Snake River near Twin Falls, Idaho. The Perrine Memorial Bridge can be seen in the background.

A rainbow trout rests among substrate in Panther Creek upstream of Big Deer Creek, central Idaho. Panther Creek was severely damaged by heavy metals released from mining and milling activities at the former Blackbird Mine. USGS and other scientists compiled a 30-year record of recovery of the stream’s fish and macroinvertebrate populations.
A rainbow trout rests among substrate in Panther Creek upstream of Big Deer Creek, central Idaho. Panther Creek was severely damaged by heavy metals released from mining and milling activities at the former Blackbird Mine. USGS and other scientists compiled a 30-year record of recovery of the stream’s fish and macroinvertebrate populations.

Panther Creek was severely damaged by heavy metals released from mining and milling activities at the former Blackbird Mine. USGS and other scientists compiled a 30-year record of recovery of the stream’s fish and macroinvertebrate populations.
Panther Creek was severely damaged by heavy metals released from mining and milling activities at the former Blackbird Mine. USGS and other scientists compiled a 30-year record of recovery of the stream’s fish and macroinvertebrate populations.

A rainbow trout rests among cobble substrate in Panther Creek downstream of Big Deer Creek, central Idaho. Panther Creek was severely damaged by heavy metals released from mining and milling activities at the former Blackbird Mine, and water quality in this section of the stream was acutely lethal to fish as late as 1985.
A rainbow trout rests among cobble substrate in Panther Creek downstream of Big Deer Creek, central Idaho. Panther Creek was severely damaged by heavy metals released from mining and milling activities at the former Blackbird Mine, and water quality in this section of the stream was acutely lethal to fish as late as 1985.
Bioavailability and toxicity models of copper to freshwater life: The state of regulatory science
The capacity of freshwater ecosystems to recover from exceedances of aquatic life criteria
The protectiveness of aquatic life criteria for threatened or endangered aquatic species: Cadmium in California
Direct and delayed mortality of Ceriodaphnia dubia and rainbow trout following time-varying acute exposures to zinc
Nutrient limitation of algae and macrophytes in streams: Integrating laboratory bioassays, field experiments, and field data
Long-term monitoring reveals convergent patterns of recovery from mining contamination across 4 western US watersheds
Time-dependent accumulation of Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, and Zn in mayfly and caddisfly larvae in experimental streams: Metal sensitivity, uptake pathways, and mixture toxicity
Bioaccumulation and toxicity of cadmium, copper, nickel, and zinc and their mixtures to aquatic insect communities
Copper concentrations in the upper Columbia River as a limiting factor in White Sturgeon recruitment and recovery
Metal bioavailability models: Current status, lessons learned, considerations for regulatory use, and the path forward
Adding invasive species bio-surveillance to the U.S. Geological Survey streamgage network
Scientific integrity issues in environmental toxicology and chemistry: Improving research transparency, reproducibility, and credibility
Non-USGS Publications**
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
Science and Products
Monitoring Mining Effects in the Kootenai River Watershed
Assessing the impacts of mining on the Transboundary Koocanusa Reservoir
Idaho's Large River Ambient Monitoring Network
Modeling the Hydraulic and Water-Quality Habitat Suitability for Macrophytes in the Middle Snake River, South-Central Idaho
Effects of Nutrient Enrichment on Stream Ecosystems (Upper Snake River Basin NAWQA)
Potential Toxicity of Multiple Metals Associated with PGE Deposits
Panther Creek: Evaluating Recovery of a Mining-Damaged Stream Ecosystem
Coeur d'Alene Lake Water Quality
Benthic community composition and chemistry of water, sediment, and periphyton throughout a copper treatment to eradicate invasive mussels in the Snake River, Idaho, 2023
Selenium in water, sediment, periphyton, benthic invertebrate and fish tissues from the Kootenai River, Idaho and Montana
Nutrient limitation of algae and duckweed in streams: data from laboratory bioassays and field experiments
Metals concentrations in insect tissues and water from the Panther Creek watershed, Idaho, September 2015
Selenium and mercury in the Kootenai River, Montana and Idaho, 2018-2019
Acute and latent effects of zinc on two commonly tested species (Ceriodaphnia dubia and Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Dr. Cheyenne Smith of the USGS Eastern Ecological Science Center coaches USGS Idaho Water Science Center hydrologic technician Niko Parrish in dissecting a mountain whitefish from northern Idaho's Kootenai River. The samples for histopathology analyses were collected as part of monitoring and assessment of water quality in the transboundary Kootenai River basin.
Dr. Cheyenne Smith of the USGS Eastern Ecological Science Center coaches USGS Idaho Water Science Center hydrologic technician Niko Parrish in dissecting a mountain whitefish from northern Idaho's Kootenai River. The samples for histopathology analyses were collected as part of monitoring and assessment of water quality in the transboundary Kootenai River basin.
The Snake River near Twin Falls, Idaho. The Perrine Memorial Bridge can be seen in the background.
The Snake River near Twin Falls, Idaho. The Perrine Memorial Bridge can be seen in the background.

A rainbow trout rests among substrate in Panther Creek upstream of Big Deer Creek, central Idaho. Panther Creek was severely damaged by heavy metals released from mining and milling activities at the former Blackbird Mine. USGS and other scientists compiled a 30-year record of recovery of the stream’s fish and macroinvertebrate populations.
A rainbow trout rests among substrate in Panther Creek upstream of Big Deer Creek, central Idaho. Panther Creek was severely damaged by heavy metals released from mining and milling activities at the former Blackbird Mine. USGS and other scientists compiled a 30-year record of recovery of the stream’s fish and macroinvertebrate populations.

Panther Creek was severely damaged by heavy metals released from mining and milling activities at the former Blackbird Mine. USGS and other scientists compiled a 30-year record of recovery of the stream’s fish and macroinvertebrate populations.
Panther Creek was severely damaged by heavy metals released from mining and milling activities at the former Blackbird Mine. USGS and other scientists compiled a 30-year record of recovery of the stream’s fish and macroinvertebrate populations.

A rainbow trout rests among cobble substrate in Panther Creek downstream of Big Deer Creek, central Idaho. Panther Creek was severely damaged by heavy metals released from mining and milling activities at the former Blackbird Mine, and water quality in this section of the stream was acutely lethal to fish as late as 1985.
A rainbow trout rests among cobble substrate in Panther Creek downstream of Big Deer Creek, central Idaho. Panther Creek was severely damaged by heavy metals released from mining and milling activities at the former Blackbird Mine, and water quality in this section of the stream was acutely lethal to fish as late as 1985.
Bioavailability and toxicity models of copper to freshwater life: The state of regulatory science
The capacity of freshwater ecosystems to recover from exceedances of aquatic life criteria
The protectiveness of aquatic life criteria for threatened or endangered aquatic species: Cadmium in California
Direct and delayed mortality of Ceriodaphnia dubia and rainbow trout following time-varying acute exposures to zinc
Nutrient limitation of algae and macrophytes in streams: Integrating laboratory bioassays, field experiments, and field data
Long-term monitoring reveals convergent patterns of recovery from mining contamination across 4 western US watersheds
Time-dependent accumulation of Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, and Zn in mayfly and caddisfly larvae in experimental streams: Metal sensitivity, uptake pathways, and mixture toxicity
Bioaccumulation and toxicity of cadmium, copper, nickel, and zinc and their mixtures to aquatic insect communities
Copper concentrations in the upper Columbia River as a limiting factor in White Sturgeon recruitment and recovery
Metal bioavailability models: Current status, lessons learned, considerations for regulatory use, and the path forward
Adding invasive species bio-surveillance to the U.S. Geological Survey streamgage network
Scientific integrity issues in environmental toxicology and chemistry: Improving research transparency, reproducibility, and credibility
Non-USGS Publications**
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.