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narrow channel surrounded by rocky hillslopes and burned trees
Hillslope within a burned watershed in the 2024 Elk Fire burn
Hillslope within a burned watershed in the 2024 Elk Fire burn
Hillslope within a burned watershed in the 2024 Elk Fire burn

A narrow channel in the High Water Creek watershed within the Elk Fire burn area near Dayton, Wyoming is surrounded by steep, burned hillslopes. The section occurs upslope of where flood and flow deposits were observed. Rocky material and downed trees cover the surrounding hillsides.

A narrow channel in the High Water Creek watershed within the Elk Fire burn area near Dayton, Wyoming is surrounded by steep, burned hillslopes. The section occurs upslope of where flood and flow deposits were observed. Rocky material and downed trees cover the surrounding hillsides.

gray hill slopes in background lack vegetation highway and vegetation in image foreground
Elk Fire burn area
Elk Fire burn area
Elk Fire burn area

View of the Elk Fire burn area from U.S. Highway 15 west of Dayton, Wyoming.  Burned hillslopes lack vegetation and contrast sharply with the unburned terrain on either side of the highway.  

View of the Elk Fire burn area from U.S. Highway 15 west of Dayton, Wyoming.  Burned hillslopes lack vegetation and contrast sharply with the unburned terrain on either side of the highway.  

Mountainside with a tree-covered landslide scar in the background, a treed slope in the foreground, and partly cloudy skies
Gros Ventre landslide area in 2025
Gros Ventre landslide area in 2025
Gros Ventre landslide area in 2025

Photograph of the Gros Ventre Slide 100 years after it occurred. View is to the south, with the landslide scar visible in the middle of the treed hillslope across the valley. Lower Slide Lake, which formed behind the landslide debris, is visible on the left side of the photograph.  Photo by James Mauch, Wyoming State Geological Survey, June 7, 2025.

Photograph of the Gros Ventre Slide 100 years after it occurred. View is to the south, with the landslide scar visible in the middle of the treed hillslope across the valley. Lower Slide Lake, which formed behind the landslide debris, is visible on the left side of the photograph.  Photo by James Mauch, Wyoming State Geological Survey, June 7, 2025.

shaded relief map with topography indicating landslide scars along mountains that border a river valley
Oblique lidar shaded relief image of the Gros Ventre Slide, Wyoming
Oblique lidar shaded relief image of the Gros Ventre Slide, Wyoming
Oblique lidar shaded relief image of the Gros Ventre Slide, Wyoming

Oblique lidar shaded relief map looking east up the Gros Ventre River valley, Wyoming. The Gros Ventre Slide, which occurred on June 23, 1925, is outlined in black, and it moved from the high ridge on the south (right side of image) into the valley below. North-dipping sedimentary rock units are labeled in white, separated by white dashed lines.

Oblique lidar shaded relief map looking east up the Gros Ventre River valley, Wyoming. The Gros Ventre Slide, which occurred on June 23, 1925, is outlined in black, and it moved from the high ridge on the south (right side of image) into the valley below. North-dipping sedimentary rock units are labeled in white, separated by white dashed lines.

map with shaded relief in grayscale, and water (ponds, streams, and springs) in blue
Shaded relief map of Norris Geyser Basin indicating new hydrothermal feature near "Tree Island"
Shaded relief map of Norris Geyser Basin indicating new hydrothermal feature near "Tree Island"
Shaded relief map of Norris Geyser Basin indicating new hydrothermal feature near "Tree Island"

Lidar shaded relief map of the Porcelain Basin and Back Basin areas of Norris Geyser Basin in Yellowstone National Park.  Orange star indicates the location of a new thermal pool that formed sometime during late December 2024 to early February 2025.

animated gif of satellite images showing development of a small hydrothermal pool between October 2024 and February 2025
Animated GIF of the development of a new hydrothermal feature during late 2024 to early 2024, Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park
Animated GIF of the development of a new hydrothermal feature during late 2024 to early 2024, Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park
Animated GIF of the development of a new hydrothermal feature during late 2024 to early 2024, Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park

Animated GIF of high-resolution satellite images of the Porcelain Basin area of Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, showing the development of a new thermal pool in the circled area.  There is no indication of the pool in images from October 19 and December 19, 2024.  A small depression is visible in the January 6, 2025, image.  In the Feb

Satellite images that depict lessening snow over time in the Yellowstone region during May to June 2025
Landsat images of snow cover in Yellowstone during May-June 2025
Landsat images of snow cover in Yellowstone during May-June 2025
Landsat images of snow cover in Yellowstone during May-June 2025

Landsat 8 and 9 images of southwest Yellowstone National Park from 9-May (left), 25-May (center), and 18-June (right), 2025. The red labels are for the Madison (MP) and Pitchstone Plateaus (PP). The Yellow labels are for Shoshone (SL), Lewis (LL), Heart Lake, and Yellowstone (YL) Lakes. The Blue labels are for Lower (LGB) and Upper (UGB) Geyser Basins.

Landsat 8 and 9 images of southwest Yellowstone National Park from 9-May (left), 25-May (center), and 18-June (right), 2025. The red labels are for the Madison (MP) and Pitchstone Plateaus (PP). The Yellow labels are for Shoshone (SL), Lewis (LL), Heart Lake, and Yellowstone (YL) Lakes. The Blue labels are for Lower (LGB) and Upper (UGB) Geyser Basins.

At sunset a small plume of muddy water erupts from an otherwise placid, steaming pool surrounded by barren rocky ground
Eruption from Black Diamond Pool in Biscuit Basin, Yellowstone National Park, captured by a webcam on May 31, 2025
Eruption from Black Diamond Pool in Biscuit Basin, Yellowstone National Park, captured by a webcam on May 31, 2025
Eruption from Black Diamond Pool in Biscuit Basin, Yellowstone National Park, captured by a webcam on May 31, 2025

This frame capture of a video from a webcam shows a small eruption emanating from Black Diamond Pool in Biscuit Basin, a subbasin of Upper Geyser Basin in Yellowstone National Park, on May 31, 2025.  This was the site of a hydrothermal explosion on July 23, 2024.

Temperature graph with spike and subsequent drop on May 31, 2025, due to Black Diamond Pool eruption
Temperature record from Black Diamond Pool runoff channel on May 31, 2025
Temperature record from Black Diamond Pool runoff channel on May 31, 2025
Temperature record from Black Diamond Pool runoff channel on May 31, 2025

Water temperature in a runoff channel of Black Diamond Pool in Biscuit Basin, Yellowstone National Park, measured on May 31, 2025.  The spike and subsequent drop over the span of about four minutes, followed by the low temperature recorded over about the following hour, is due to a small eruption that occurred from the pool at 8:39 p.m. that day.

Water temperature in a runoff channel of Black Diamond Pool in Biscuit Basin, Yellowstone National Park, measured on May 31, 2025.  The spike and subsequent drop over the span of about four minutes, followed by the low temperature recorded over about the following hour, is due to a small eruption that occurred from the pool at 8:39 p.m. that day.

Webcam view of a steaming and murky pool surrounded by barren ground with rocky cliffs in the distance.
Biscuit Basin webcam view
Biscuit Basin webcam view
Biscuit Basin webcam view

Image from the webcam installed at Biscuit Basin in Yellowstone National Park.  The view is of Black Diamond Pool, where a hydrothermal explosion occurred on July 23, 2024 (many of the rocks behind and to the right of the pool were deposited during that event).  The background cliff is the Summit Lake rhyolite lava flow, which is about 111,000 years old.&n

Image from the webcam installed at Biscuit Basin in Yellowstone National Park.  The view is of Black Diamond Pool, where a hydrothermal explosion occurred on July 23, 2024 (many of the rocks behind and to the right of the pool were deposited during that event).  The background cliff is the Summit Lake rhyolite lava flow, which is about 111,000 years old.&n

Webcam on a mast attached to a battery box on a boardwalk overlooking a murky and steaming pool
Biscuit Basin webcam temporary deployment
Biscuit Basin webcam temporary deployment
Biscuit Basin webcam temporary deployment

Temporary webcam deployed on the boardwalk in Biscuit Basin, Yellowstone National Park.  The pan/tilt/zoom camera provides a static view every 15 minutes and records video on site for later download as needed.  Black Diamond Pool, site of a hydrothermal explosion on July 23, 2024, is in the background.  This work was completed under Yellowstone Nation

Temporary webcam deployed on the boardwalk in Biscuit Basin, Yellowstone National Park.  The pan/tilt/zoom camera provides a static view every 15 minutes and records video on site for later download as needed.  Black Diamond Pool, site of a hydrothermal explosion on July 23, 2024, is in the background.  This work was completed under Yellowstone Nation

barren chalky ground with a milky-blue pool in the middle and a small hill with scrub vegetation in the background
New hydrothermal feature near "Tree Island" in Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park
New hydrothermal feature near "Tree Island" in Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park
New hydrothermal feature near "Tree Island" in Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park

View looking northwest at a new thermal pool in the Porcelain Basin area of Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, that probably formed in a series of mildly explosive events between late December 2024 and early February 2025.  The rocks and white material (silica mud) surrounding the pool were probably ejected as the feature formed.  The pool is

View looking northwest at a new thermal pool in the Porcelain Basin area of Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, that probably formed in a series of mildly explosive events between late December 2024 and early February 2025.  The rocks and white material (silica mud) surrounding the pool were probably ejected as the feature formed.  The pool is

Two woman point out a pit in snowy landscape with equipment in the pit. Sparse trees and blue sky in background.
Digging through the snow to install a semi-permanent GPS site in Yellowstone National Park
Digging through the snow to install a semi-permanent GPS site in Yellowstone National Park
Digging through the snow to install a semi-permanent GPS site in Yellowstone National Park

Yellowstone National Park Geology Program team members Samantha Hilburn (left) and Margery Price (right), both Physical Science Technicians, pose with a snow pit dug near Lewis Canyon for installation of a semi-permanent GPS site, installed in collaboration with USGS scientists. USGS photo by Dan Dzurisin, May 2025.

Yellowstone National Park Geology Program team members Samantha Hilburn (left) and Margery Price (right), both Physical Science Technicians, pose with a snow pit dug near Lewis Canyon for installation of a semi-permanent GPS site, installed in collaboration with USGS scientists. USGS photo by Dan Dzurisin, May 2025.

Map of Yellowstone thermal areas with insets showing high-resolution satellite views of selected regions
Map of Yellowstone thermal areas with insets showing high-resolution satellite views of selected regions
Map of Yellowstone thermal areas with insets showing high-resolution satellite views of selected regions
Map of Yellowstone thermal areas with insets showing high-resolution satellite views of selected regions

Map of Yellowstone’s thermal areas. Inset commercial satellite images highlight thermal areas that are mentioned below: Sulphur Hills (©2022, Maxar, USG), Turbid Lake (©2022, Maxar, USG), and Lower Geyser Basin (©2015, Maxar, USG).  This work utilized data made available through the NASA Commercial SmallSat Data Acquisition Program.  We acknowledge th

Map of Yellowstone’s thermal areas. Inset commercial satellite images highlight thermal areas that are mentioned below: Sulphur Hills (©2022, Maxar, USG), Turbid Lake (©2022, Maxar, USG), and Lower Geyser Basin (©2015, Maxar, USG).  This work utilized data made available through the NASA Commercial SmallSat Data Acquisition Program.  We acknowledge th

Colored plots showing seismic reflections at the top of the Yellowstone magma chamber, and a cartoon explanation.
Seismic reflections from the top of the magma reservoir beneath Yellowstone Caldera
Seismic reflections from the top of the magma reservoir beneath Yellowstone Caldera
Seismic reflections from the top of the magma reservoir beneath Yellowstone Caldera

Seismic reflection data showing the top of the magma reservoir beneath Yellowstone Caldera along a cross section that runs from Canyon Village in the northwest (X) to near Lake Butte in the southeast (X`).  The top panel shows seismic P-wave (compressional wave) reflectivity, with evidence for the sharp reservoir top labeled.

Seismic reflection data showing the top of the magma reservoir beneath Yellowstone Caldera along a cross section that runs from Canyon Village in the northwest (X) to near Lake Butte in the southeast (X`).  The top panel shows seismic P-wave (compressional wave) reflectivity, with evidence for the sharp reservoir top labeled.

Map of Roadside Springs thermal area, Yellowstone National Park
Map of Roadside Springs thermal area, Yellowstone National Park
Map of Roadside Springs thermal area, Yellowstone National Park
Map of Roadside Springs thermal area, Yellowstone National Park

Map showing the Roadside Springs thermal area, located just north of Nymph Lake along the Norris-Mammoth highway.  Hydrothermal ground is shaded purple.  New hydrothermal features formed in 2003 on the north side of Nymph Lake, and also in 2024 a bit further north from the lake.  Figure by Jefferson Hungerford, Yellowstone National Park.

Map showing the Roadside Springs thermal area, located just north of Nymph Lake along the Norris-Mammoth highway.  Hydrothermal ground is shaded purple.  New hydrothermal features formed in 2003 on the north side of Nymph Lake, and also in 2024 a bit further north from the lake.  Figure by Jefferson Hungerford, Yellowstone National Park.

Aerial view of a thermal area, with forest, lakes/ponds, and barren ground
Aerial view of Roadside Springs thermal area, Yellowstone National Park
Aerial view of Roadside Springs thermal area, Yellowstone National Park
Aerial view of Roadside Springs thermal area, Yellowstone National Park

Aerial view looking to the west at the Roadside Springs hydrothermal area and Nymph Lake showing the locations of thermal features that formed in 2003 and 2024.  Yellow line marks the Mammoth-Norris highway.   Figure by Jefferson Hungerford, Yellowstone National Park.

Aerial view looking to the west at the Roadside Springs hydrothermal area and Nymph Lake showing the locations of thermal features that formed in 2003 and 2024.  Yellow line marks the Mammoth-Norris highway.   Figure by Jefferson Hungerford, Yellowstone National Park.

Map of the Northwestern United States showing major volcanic features associated with the Yellowstone mantle plume
Map of the Northwestern United States showing major volcanic features associated with the Yellowstone mantle plume
Map of the Northwestern United States showing major volcanic features associated with the Yellowstone mantle plume
Map of the Northwestern United States showing major volcanic features associated with the Yellowstone mantle plume

Map of the Northwestern United States showing major volcanic features associated with the mantle plume currently underneath Yellowstone caldera.  Colors indicate general basaltic (blues) versus rhyolitic (reds) compositions, with shades indicating age (darker shades are older).  Rough outlines of calderas that formed due to the Yellowstone hotspot are give

Map of the Northwestern United States showing major volcanic features associated with the mantle plume currently underneath Yellowstone caldera.  Colors indicate general basaltic (blues) versus rhyolitic (reds) compositions, with shades indicating age (darker shades are older).  Rough outlines of calderas that formed due to the Yellowstone hotspot are give

Map showing the geologic domains of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem in differing colors
Geologic domains of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
Geologic domains of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
Geologic domains of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem

Map of the geologic domains of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE). Boundaries are approximate.

Schematic showing magma storage beneath Yellowstone caldera as colored shapes
Schematic showing magma storage beneath Yellowstone caldera based on magnetotelluric data
Schematic showing magma storage beneath Yellowstone caldera based on magnetotelluric data
Schematic showing magma storage beneath Yellowstone caldera based on magnetotelluric data

Schematic showing magma storage beneath Yellowstone caldera. Nested calderas resulting from the Huckleberry Ridge Tuff, Mesa Falls Tuff, and Lava Creek Tuff caldera forming eruptions are shown as solid black, green, and orange lines, respectively.

Shaded relief map of the Yellowstone region showing earthquakes during the year 2024 as red dots
Map of earthquakes in the Yellowstone National Park region in 2024
Map of earthquakes in the Yellowstone National Park region in 2024
Map of earthquakes in the Yellowstone National Park region in 2024

Map of seismicity (red circles) in the Yellowstone region during 2024. Gray lines are roads, black dashed line shows the caldera boundary, Yellowstone National Park is outlined by black dot-dashed line, and gray dashed lines denote state boundaries.

Map of seismicity (red circles) in the Yellowstone region during 2024. Gray lines are roads, black dashed line shows the caldera boundary, Yellowstone National Park is outlined by black dot-dashed line, and gray dashed lines denote state boundaries.

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