Images

Photo calendar compilation of the 48 lava fountaining episodes that have occurred at Kīlauea's summit eruption. The eruption started on December 23, 2024, and episode 48 occurred on June 1, 2026.

This reference map depicts the Kīlauea summit eruption within Halema‘uma‘u crater that began on December 23, 2024. Most of the data for this map were collected during a USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory helicopter overflight on May 22, 2026, so the provided statistics are reflective of the entire eruption through episode 47 on May 14–15.

An aerial view from the west side of Halemaʻumaʻu shows the 150-foot (45 meter) high tephra cone that has formed on the rim of the crater during the 2024–ongoing eruption at the summit of Kīlauea. Gas emitted from the north and south vents, not currently erupting, is visible wafting over the rim of the crater. USGS photo by D. Downs.

As USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory traversed under the volcanic plume from Kīlauea summit where it was transported downwind into the Kaʻū Desert area of Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, they captured this view of the Maunaiki  shield and Kaʻū Desert trail.

Spectrogram data associated with the magnitude-6 earthquake beneath the Island of Hawaiʻi on May 22, 2026, collected by four seismometers at different locations on the Island of Hawaiʻi. Spectrograms show the frequency spectrum recorded by a seismometer over time. USGS plot. 

Map showing the shaking intensity of the magnitude-6 earthquake beneath the Island of Hawaiʻi on May 22, 2026, derived from community reports submitted to the USGS “Did you feel it?” website.

A view of Halemaʻumaʻu crater wall near the south sulphur bank area, where the basalt has been altered and weathered by long-term degassing in this area, causing the pastel colors of discoloration.

Map showing the shaking intensity of the magnitude-6 earthquake beneath the Island of Hawaiʻi on May 22, 2026, derived from community reports submitted to the USGS “Did you feel it?” website.

This view, from the floor of Halemaʻumaʻu crater at the summit of Kīlauea, shows the north and south vents degassing with the slope of the tephra cone on the crater rim visible in the background. USGS photo by M. Cappos. 

An aerial view of the Kaoiki fault on the south flank of Mauna Loa. Grassy slopes mark this fault, with Mauna Loa lava flows in the foreground and the slope of Mauna Loa in the background. This fault is prominently visible while driving Highway 11 in the Kaʻū Desert area of Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park. USGS photo by K. Mulliken. 

Seismic waveform data associated with the magnitude-6 earthquake beneath the Island of Hawaiʻi on May 22, 2026, collected by four seismometers at different locations on the Island of Hawaiʻi. USGS plot. 

USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory scientists conducted a monitoring overflight of Kīlauea summit the morning of May 22, 2026. During the overflight, they collected imagery to create a three-dimensional model of the crater floor, thermal imagery to determine the extent of episode 47 lava flows, and traversed beneath the volcanic plume to measure emission rates.

During a monitoring overflight on May 22, 2026, USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory scientists captured this aerial view looking down into the south vent in Halemaʻumaʻu at the summit of Kīlauea. Magma was visible within both the south and north vents during the overflight; the north vent is visible degassing on the right side of this image.

A view of the volcanic plume from the degassing north and south vents in Halemaʻumaʻu at the summit of Kīlauea. Trade winds during a USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory monitoring overflight on May 22, 2026, transported the plume to the southwest, into the Kaʻū Desert and closed area of Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park. USGS photo by K. Mulliken. 

Comparison of the 1983–1986 Puʻuʻōʻō eruption lava fountain heights (top) with those of the 2024–ongoing Halemaʻumaʻu eruption (bottom).

Left: Lava fountains on January 1, 1985, during episode 29 of the Puʻuʻōʻō eruption on the middle East Rift Zone of Kīlauea. Right: Lava fountains on January 24, 2026, during episode 41 of the Halemaʻumaʻu eruption.

This telephoto view looking northwest shows the south vent (center), with the north vent (right) just out of view, in Halema‘uma‘u crater at the summit of Kīlauea. In the leadup to episode 47, the south vent had about 75 overflows, but only the north vent produced lava fountaining during episode 47. Both vents are degassing in the photo.

The area south of Halema‘uma‘u has many ground cracks, many associated with the 2018 Kīlauea summit collapse and others associated with more recent earthquakes and ground deformation. While tephra from the ongoing summit eruption has covered and obscured many ground cracks, the deposit itself in places has deep cracks.

This view is of the cone (pu‘u) that has formed in the predominant downwind direction (southwest) of the north and south vents during the ongoing eruption at Halema‘uma‘u at the summit of Kīlauea. This photo is east of the southwest corner of Halema‘uma‘u and is looking to the northwest.

Misty weather partially obscured views of episode 47 at the summit of Kīlauea on May 14, 2026. This photo was taken approximately 2 1/2 hours into the eruptive episode, which began at 3:27 p.m. HST. Only the north vent erupted a lava fountain, which fed channelized lava flows across the crater floor within Kaluapele. USGS photo by L. Forster.

The lava fountain erupting from the north vent during episode 47 on May 14, 2026, seen here, sent light tephra into public areas of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park and surrounding communities to the northeast. Tephra is a general term for any fragmental material ejected during a volcanic eruption. USGS photo by L. Gallant.