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The USGS provides unbiased, objective, and impartial scientific information upon which our audiences, including resource managers, planners, and other entities, rely.
Browse more than 5,500 book chapters authored by our scientists over the past 100+ year history of the USGS and refine search by topic, location, year, and advanced search.
Filter Total Items: 6151
Variations in the global carbon cycle during the Cretaceous related to climate, volcanism, and changes in atmospheric CO2 Variations in the global carbon cycle during the Cretaceous related to climate, volcanism, and changes in atmospheric CO2
The stratigraphic record from both deep-sea and shallow-water depositional environments indicates that during late Aptian through Cenomanian time (1) global climates were considerably warmer than at present; (2) latitudinal gradients of atmospheric and oceanic temperatures were considerably less than at present; (3) rates of accumulation of organic matter of both marine and terrestrial...
Authors
M.A. Arthur, Walter E. Dean, S.O. Schlanger
Cyclic variations in calcium carbonate and organic carbon in Miocene to Holocene sediments, Walvis Ridge, South Atlantic Ocean Cyclic variations in calcium carbonate and organic carbon in Miocene to Holocene sediments, Walvis Ridge, South Atlantic Ocean
The entire upper Miocene to Holocene sedimentary sequence recovered in a hydraulic piston core at DSDP Site 532 on Walvis Ridge shows distinct cycles in amount of CaCO sub(3) that correlate with dark and light cycles of sediment color. The average periodicities of the carbonate cycles for the Quaternary, upper Pliocene, and lower Pliocene are about 35, 46, and 28 ky, respectively, with...
Authors
Walter E. Dean, J. V. Gardner
Analysis of gravity data in volcanic terrain and gravity anomalies and subvolcanic intrusions in the Cascade Range, U.S.A., and at other selected volcanoes Analysis of gravity data in volcanic terrain and gravity anomalies and subvolcanic intrusions in the Cascade Range, U.S.A., and at other selected volcanoes
Gravity data were investigated to reveal the presence of subvolcanic intrusions. With few exceptions, these intrusions produce a detectable gravity anomaly. In the past, these gravity anomalies have often been overlooked or misinterpreted because the data reduction procedure was inadequate. A pragmatic method for reducing and interpreting reconnaissance gravity data from volcanoes as...
Authors
David L. Williams, Carol A. Finn
Geomorphologic evidence for ground ice on Mars Geomorphologic evidence for ground ice on Mars
For ground ice to exist on Mars, two conditions have to be met. One is the presence of permafrost; the second is the availability of water. Because the mean temperature of Mars’surface is − 80 C., permafrost 1–3 km thick occurs over the entire planet. Remote-sensing measurements suggest that water presently exists in the atmosphere and in the polar caps; frost has been observed at the...
Authors
Baerbel K. Lucchitta
Molecular weight and size measurements of humic substances Molecular weight and size measurements of humic substances
No abstract available.
Authors
R.L. Wershaw, George R. Aiken
Groundwater forecasting Groundwater forecasting
No abstract available.
Authors
Leonard F. Konikow, E.P. Patten
Stable isotope and amino acid composition of estuarine dissolved colloidal material Stable isotope and amino acid composition of estuarine dissolved colloidal material
No abstract available.
Authors
A.C. Sigleo, S.A. Macko
Aspects of the biogeochemistry of Big Soda Lake, Nevada Aspects of the biogeochemistry of Big Soda Lake, Nevada
No abstract available.
Authors
Ronald S. Oremland, R. L. Smith, Charles W. Culbertson
Humic substances in groundwater Humic substances in groundwater
No abstract available.
Authors
E.M. Thurman
Approaches to the study of lake hydrology Approaches to the study of lake hydrology
No abstract available
Authors
Gene E Likens