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2022 Supplemental Appropriations Activities

By Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities

The Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act (Public Law 117-43) was enacted on September 30, 2021. The USGS received $26.3 million in supplemental funding to support direct recovery and rebuilding decisions in areas affected by declared disasters—earthquakes, wildfires, hurricanes, and floods—that occurred between 2019 and 2021.

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FY22 Supplemental Appropriations to USGS
Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details

USGS activities funded under the Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act include:

 

 
 

 

 
 
 

Related

mountainous valley with burn scar in foreground and person near an instrument with a solar panel

Postfire Landslide Monitoring Station: "Chambers" (2021 Dixie Fire) near Belden, CA

Wildfire can increase landslide susceptibility in mountainous terrain. The USGS maintains postfire landslide monitoring stations to track hillslope hydrologic conditions in the years following fire.
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Landslide Hazards Program, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities
Postfire Landslide Monitoring Station: "Chambers" (2021 Dixie Fire) near Belden, CA

Postfire Landslide Monitoring Station: "Chambers" (2021 Dixie Fire) near Belden, CA

Wildfire can increase landslide susceptibility in mountainous terrain. The USGS maintains postfire landslide monitoring stations to track hillslope hydrologic conditions in the years following fire.
Learn More
mountain tops with burn scars, and landslide instrument in foreground

Postfire Landslide Monitoring Station: "Chips" (2021 Dixie Fire) near Belden, CA

Wildfire can increase landslide susceptibility in mountainous terrain. The USGS maintains postfire landslide monitoring stations to track hillslope hydrologic conditions in the years following fire.
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Landslide Hazards Program, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities
Postfire Landslide Monitoring Station: "Chips" (2021 Dixie Fire) near Belden, CA

Postfire Landslide Monitoring Station: "Chips" (2021 Dixie Fire) near Belden, CA

Wildfire can increase landslide susceptibility in mountainous terrain. The USGS maintains postfire landslide monitoring stations to track hillslope hydrologic conditions in the years following fire.
Learn More
mountain tops with burn scars, and landslide instrument in foreground

"Chambers" - Recent Conditions

Recent Monitoring Data
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Landslide Hazards Program, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities
"Chambers" - Recent Conditions

"Chambers" - Recent Conditions

Recent Monitoring Data
Learn More
mountainous valley with burn scar in foreground and person near an instrument with a solar panel

"Chips" - Recent Conditions

Recent Monitoring Data
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Landslide Hazards Program
"Chips" - Recent Conditions

"Chips" - Recent Conditions

Recent Monitoring Data
Learn More
Filter Total Items: 32

Post-Wildfire Debris-Flow Runout Hazard Assessment (PWFDF-R) Collection (updated 20260423) Post-Wildfire Debris-Flow Runout Hazard Assessment (PWFDF-R) Collection (updated 20260423)

Wildfire can substantially alter the hydrologic response of watersheds to rainfall, and debris-flow activity is among the most destructive consequences of these events. To assist federal, state, and local agencies in planning for postfire hazards, the U.S. Geological Survey conducts debris-flow hazard runout assessments. This collection contains the results of those assessments conducted...
By
Geologic Hazards Science Center

Storm-Induced Coastal Change Forecasts: Louisiana Hurricanes Laura and Delta 2020 Storm-Induced Coastal Change Forecasts: Louisiana Hurricanes Laura and Delta 2020

These datasets contain information on the probabilities of storm-induced erosion (collision, overwash and inundation) on sandy beaches along the U.S. Gulf coast of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama during hurricane impact conditions of Hurricanes Laura and Delta in 2020. The analysis is based on a storm-impact scaling model that uses observations of dune morphology combined with
By
St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center

Sediment computed tomography (CT) scans, photographs, and core-log descriptions from Conconully Reservoir, Okanogan County, WA, 2022-2023 Sediment computed tomography (CT) scans, photographs, and core-log descriptions from Conconully Reservoir, Okanogan County, WA, 2022-2023

This data release contains information on four sediment cores that were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in Conconully Reservoir, Okanogan County, Washington, in June 2022 and October 2023. Data include the location each sediment core was collected, descriptions of the sediment profile of two of the cores (i.e., texture, color, structure, and visible constituents), photographs of...
By
Washington Water Science Center

Coastal Land-Cover and Feature Datasets Derived From Landsat Satellite Imagery, Sabine Pass to Bay Coquette, Louisiana Coastal Land-Cover and Feature Datasets Derived From Landsat Satellite Imagery, Sabine Pass to Bay Coquette, Louisiana

This data release serves as an archive of coastal land-cover and feature datasets derived from Landsat satellite imagery from Sabine Pass to Bay Coquette, Louisiana (LA). A total of 179 images acquired between 2013 and 2024 were analyzed. Water, bare earth (sand), and vegetated land-cover classes were mapped using (1) successive thresholding and masking of the modified normalized...
By
St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center

Supporting Datasets and R Code for Compound Flood Hazard Modeling in the New York–Long Island Sound Region (ver. 2.0, May 2026) Supporting Datasets and R Code for Compound Flood Hazard Modeling in the New York–Long Island Sound Region (ver. 2.0, May 2026)

This data release includes a shapefile of compound flood hazard scores and the associated input data, scripts, and a sample output file necessary for calculating rain-surge return period adjustments for Long Island Sound and its surrounding areas. The raw input data and imputation scripts are included in this data release and are located in the "Imputation and data compilation.zip"...
By
New York Water Science Center, USGS Science in Long Island Sound and its Watershed

Geospatial Dataset of Coastal Inundation Maps for Long Island, NY and Long Island Sound (CT/NY) Geospatial Dataset of Coastal Inundation Maps for Long Island, NY and Long Island Sound (CT/NY)

This data release contains shapefiles and raster data of spatially distributed water level inundation, water depth, wave discharge and a set of hazard ranks for water levels, waves, and a combination of both for coastal areas of Long Island, NY and Long Island Sound. Water inundation and depth data include both current and future projections of inundation based on 4 annual exceedance...
By
New York Water Science Center, USGS Science in Long Island Sound and its Watershed

Geospatial Datasets of Factors Influencing Pluvial Flood Potential in Long Island, New York and Near Coastal Areas Surrounding Long Island Sound in New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island Geospatial Datasets of Factors Influencing Pluvial Flood Potential in Long Island, New York and Near Coastal Areas Surrounding Long Island Sound in New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island

This data release provides spatial digital data for factors that influence pluvial flood hazard potential, including closed depressions, curve number, drainage networks, topographic slope, average annual rainfall, 1-hr and 24-hour 100-year return period rainfall accumulation, and locations of recorded floods. In addition, these flood influencing factors are summarized to a common 900...
By
New York Water Science Center, USGS Science in Long Island Sound and its Watershed

Geospatial Datasets of Factors Influencing Groundwater Emergence Flood Hazard in Long Island, New York and near Coastal Areas Surrounding Long Island Sound in New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island Geospatial Datasets of Factors Influencing Groundwater Emergence Flood Hazard in Long Island, New York and near Coastal Areas Surrounding Long Island Sound in New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island

This data release contains raster datasets representing depth to water table, calculated from steady-state groundwater models developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (Jahn and others, 2024; Barclay and others, 2024). The depth to water table rasters are available at an approximate resolution of 10 meters. In addition, depth to water table, hydrologic soil types, and landcover are...
By
New York Water Science Center, USGS Science in Long Island Sound and its Watershed

Charcoal and soil, water, and reservoir sediment-core chemistry in the North Fork Salmon Creek basin and Conconully Reservoir, Washington, 2022-2023 Charcoal and soil, water, and reservoir sediment-core chemistry in the North Fork Salmon Creek basin and Conconully Reservoir, Washington, 2022-2023

Charcoal counts and soil, water, and reservoir sediment-core geochemistry were characterized eight months after the November 2021 Muckamuck Fire in the North Fork Salmon Creek basin and Conconully Reservoir, Washington, the receiving water body. Parameters include sand-sized charcoal, Cesium-137, excess Lead-210, aqueous and solid-phase elemental chemistry, and polycyclic aromatic...
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Sediment Data From Surface Samples and Sand Augers Collected in 2023 From the Northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana Sediment Data From Surface Samples and Sand Augers Collected in 2023 From the Northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana

In 2023, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS SPCMSC) conducted a sediment sampling survey at the northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana. Funded by the Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act (Public Law 117-43) enacted on September 30, 2021, these data complement sediment data from samples...
By
St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center

Data Describing the Presence of Live Trees for Three Years in Sentinel-2 Pixels Across Four Fires in California, USA Data Describing the Presence of Live Trees for Three Years in Sentinel-2 Pixels Across Four Fires in California, USA

This dataset represents photointerpretation of live tree presence and raw pixel values from 500 randomly selected Sentinel-2 pixels across four fires in the state of California. This dataset was used to run random forest models to predict live tree presence in the Cabin Fire, Rough Fire, Pier Fire, and Schaeffer Fire at 1, 3, and 5 years post fire.
By
Western Ecological Research Center (WERC)

Post-Wildfire Debris-Flow Hazard Assessment (PWFDF) Collection Post-Wildfire Debris-Flow Hazard Assessment (PWFDF) Collection

Wildfire can substantially alter the hydrologic response of watersheds to rainfall, and debris-flow activity is among the most destructive consequences of these events. To assist federal, state, and local agencies in planning for postfire hazards, the U.S. Geological Survey conducts debris-flow hazard assessments for recent wildfires. This collection contains the results of those...
By
Landslide Hazards Program, Geologic Hazards Science Center
Filter Total Items: 16

Hazard potential of compound flooding from rainfall, storm surge, and groundwater in coastal New York and Connecticut Hazard potential of compound flooding from rainfall, storm surge, and groundwater in coastal New York and Connecticut

Compound flood events, the co-occurrence of multiple flood drivers, can result in flood hazard potential exceeding that of any single driver alone. To evaluate compound flooding in a semi-urbanized coastal area, historical records dating back to 1970 are used to study the co-occurrences of high precipitation, storm surge, and shallow groundwater conditions along the coastlines of New...
Authors
Robin L. Glas, Liv M. Herdman, Salme Ellen Cook, Archi Howlader, Kristina Kirkyla Masterson
By
New York Water Science Center

Compounding of 100-year coastal floods by rainfall in an urban environment Compounding of 100-year coastal floods by rainfall in an urban environment

Coastal and pluvial flooding are both becoming more prevalent and severe due to climate change and urbanization in floodplains. The co-occurrence of these flood drivers is generally assumed to exacerbate the resulting flood impacts, a result referred to as compound flooding. However, few observational or modeling studies have investigated the circumstances under which this occurs. Here...
Authors
Shima Kasaei, Phillip M. Orton, Thomas Wahl, David K. Ralston, John C. Warner
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Quantifying post-fire live tree presence and spatial variation using Sentinel-2 time series Quantifying post-fire live tree presence and spatial variation using Sentinel-2 time series

Accurate mapping of post-fire surviving trees is important for tracking forest recovery and prioritizing land management decisions. Satellite-based remote sensing is an effective method to assess post-fire forest conditions. Traditionally, differenced satellite-derived burn severity indices are computed by differencing one year pre- and post-fire spectral reflectance values. Differenced...
Authors
Saba J. Saberi, Phillip J. van Mantgem, Micah C. Wright, Christopher Y.S. Wong, Andrew M. Latimer, Derek J.N. Young
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Western Ecological Research Center (WERC)

Present and future coastal flooding hazard for Long Island, NY and Long Island Sound (NY/CT), USA Present and future coastal flooding hazard for Long Island, NY and Long Island Sound (NY/CT), USA

Coastal flooding and the associated damages due to storms are increasing with sea level rise around the world, with regional variability in the severity of impacts., Researchers and resource managers need to better understand and predict the future shifts in coastal flooding due to these processes to plan for resilient and sustainable communities. Here we present an analysis of long-term
Authors
Salme Ellen Cook, Liv M. Herdman
By
New York Water Science Center, USGS Science in Long Island Sound and its Watershed

A spatial analysis of the groundwater emergence flood hazard in Long Island, New York and near coastal areas surrounding Long Island Sound in New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island A spatial analysis of the groundwater emergence flood hazard in Long Island, New York and near coastal areas surrounding Long Island Sound in New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island

Long Island, New York and near coastal areas surrounding Long Island Sound are densely populated and, like other coastal areas, are susceptible to flooding from several potential sources, including stormwater from precipitation events, tidal flooding and storm surge, and groundwater inundation or groundwater emergence flooding. The latter refers to the intersection of a rising water...
Authors
Kristina Kirkyla Masterson, Robert J. Welk, Janet R. Barclay, Kalle Jahn, Liv M. Herdman
By
New York Water Science Center

Cascading consequences and interventions for hazards after wildfire in Okanogan County, Washington Cascading consequences and interventions for hazards after wildfire in Okanogan County, Washington

This report details the application of the chains of consequences method within the postfire hazard context after the 2021 Cedar Creek and Muckamuck Fires around Okanogan County, Washington. The U.S. Geological Survey Social and Economic Analysis branch convened 20 stakeholders with content- and context-specific knowledge related to these fires and their postfire hazards in an April 2023...
Authors
Briar H. Goldwyn, James R. Meldrum, Rudy Schuster
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Fort Collins Science Center

Rainfall thresholds for postfire debris-flow initiation vary with short-duration rainfall climatology Rainfall thresholds for postfire debris-flow initiation vary with short-duration rainfall climatology

The size, frequency, and geographic scope of severe wildfires are expanding across the globe, including in the Western United States. Recently burned steeplands have an increased likelihood of debris flows, which pose hazards to downstream communities. The conditions for postfire debris-flow initiation are commonly expressed as rainfall intensity-duration thresholds, which can be...
Authors
David B. Cavagnaro, Scott W. McCoy, Donald N. Lindsay, Luke A. McGuire, Jason W. Kean, Daniel T. Trugman
By
Landslide Hazards Program, Geologic Hazards Science Center

Pluvial and potential compound flooding in a coupled coastal modeling framework: New York City during post-tropical Cyclone Ida (2021) Pluvial and potential compound flooding in a coupled coastal modeling framework: New York City during post-tropical Cyclone Ida (2021)

Many coastal urban areas are prone to extreme pluvial flooding due to limitations in stormwater system capacity, with the additional potential for flooding compounded by storm surge, tides, and waves. Understanding and simulating these processes can improve prediction and flood risk management. Here, we adapt the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Wave–Sediment Transport modeling framework (COAWST...
Authors
Shima Kasaei, Phillip M. Orton, David K. Ralston, John C. Warner
By
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Assessment of western Oregon debris-flow hazards in burned and unburned environments Assessment of western Oregon debris-flow hazards in burned and unburned environments

In the steep and mountainous environment of western Oregon, debris flows pose a considerable threat to property, infrastructure and life. Wildfire is commonly known to increase the susceptibility of steep slopes to debris flows, but the extent of this process in the western Cascades is not well understood. The US Geological Survey (USGS) currently estimates postfire debris-flow...
Authors
Brittany Danielle Selander, Nancy C. Calhoun, William Burns, Jason W. Kean, Francis K. Rengers
By
Landslide Hazards Program, Geologic Hazards Science Center

Post-fire sediment yield from a western Sierra Nevada watershed burned by the 2021 Caldor Fire Post-fire sediment yield from a western Sierra Nevada watershed burned by the 2021 Caldor Fire

Watershed sediment yield commonly increases after wildfire, often causing negative impacts to downstream infrastructure and water resources. Post-fire erosion is important to understand and quantify because it is increasingly placing water supplies, habitat, communities, and infrastructure at risk as fire regimes intensify in a warming climate. However, measurements of post-fire sediment
Authors
Amy E. East, Joshua B. Logan, Peter Dartnell, Helen Willemien Dow, Donald N. Lindsay, David B. Cavagnaro
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Wildland Fire Science

Postfire sediment mobilization and its downstream implications across California, 1984 – 2021 Postfire sediment mobilization and its downstream implications across California, 1984 – 2021

Fire facilitates erosion through changes in vegetation and soil, with major postfire erosion commonly occurring even with moderate rainfall. As climate warms, the western United States (U.S.) is experiencing an intensifying fire regime and increasing frequency of extreme rain. We evaluated whether these hydroclimatic changes are evident in patterns of postfire erosion by modeling...
Authors
Helen Willemien Dow, Amy E. East, Joel B. Sankey, Jonathan A. Warrick, Jaime Kostelnik, Donald N. Lindsay, Jason W. Kean
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Natural Hazards Mission Area, Landslide Hazards Program, Geologic Hazards Science Center, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Southwest Biological Science Center, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities, Wildland Fire Science

A robust quantitative method to distinguish runoff-generated debris flows from floods A robust quantitative method to distinguish runoff-generated debris flows from floods

Debris flows and floods generated by rainfall runoff occur in rocky mountainous landscapes and burned steeplands. Flow type is commonly identified post-event through interpretation of depositional structures, but these may be poorly preserved or misinterpreted. Prior research indicates that discharge magnitude is commonly amplified in debris flows relative to floods due to volumetric...
Authors
David B. Cavagnaro, Scott W. McCoy, Jason W. Kean, Matthew A. Thomas, Donald N. Lindsay, Brian W. McArdell, Jacob Hirschberg
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Landslide Hazards Program, Geologic Hazards Science Center, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities

Hurricane Ida: USGS Response in Pennsylvania to September 1-2, 2021, Flooding Related to Remnants of Hurricane Ida Hurricane Ida: USGS Response in Pennsylvania to September 1-2, 2021, Flooding Related to Remnants of Hurricane Ida

This geonarrative is an interactive online presentation of the USGS Pennsylvania Water Science Center's data collection efforts related to Hurricane Ida. This geonarrative includes a summary of the storm in Pennsylvania, USGS data collection methods, embedded interactive maps of flood extents in 5 southeastern Pennsylvania localities, and visual depictions of the storm’s impact across the state.
By
Pennsylvania Water Science Center, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities

ursa - A Python library for postfire debris-flow runout hazard assessments and research, version 1.0.0 ursa - A Python library for postfire debris-flow runout hazard assessments and research, version 1.0.0

Ursa is a python tool for the setup, management, and analysis of postfire debris-flow runout simulations. Ursa provides (1) a set of python functions that accomplish each phase of a hazard assessment workflow and (2) a Snakemake snakefile that uses the python functions to run the entire workflow. Ursa is intended as a flexible tool for a particular purpose. It is not intended as a...
By
Geologic Hazards Science Center

ocelote 1.1.0 ocelote 1.1.0

This release adds functionality for building debris-flow likelihood lookup tables, and uploading the results to the National Weather Service (NWS) FTP endpoint. The release: * Adds the `authenticate nws` command, which collects authentication credentials for uploading to the NWS FTP endpoint * Updates the `run` command to compute debris-flow likelihood lookup tables, and save the results...
By
Geologic Hazards Science Center

wildcat 1.1.0 wildcat 1.1.0

This release allows users to select the CRS of exported files, and to specify alternate configuration files. The release also updates wildcat’s backend for compatibility with pfdf 3+. Documentation: https://ghsc.code-pages.usgs.gov/lhp/wildcat/ Release Notes: https://ghsc.code-pages.usgs.gov/lhp/wildcat/resources/release-notes/1.1.0.html
By
Landslide Hazards Program, Geologic Hazards Science Center

pfdf 2.0.0 pfdf 2.0.0

This release substantially improves support for working with datasets in a mix of coordinate reference systems. The release also introduces new classes for working with spatial metadata, adds confidence intervals to the Gartner 2014 volume model, adds support for additional unit systems, and improves the user experience when filtering the stream segments in a network.
By
Landslide Hazards Program

pfdf 1.1.0 pfdf 1.1.0

This release add the following major features to pfdf: * Comprehensive documentation * Raster preprocessing * Parallelization options when locating outlet basins * Windowed raster reading The release also provides minor improvements, as follows: * Raster data/nodata masks, * Improved model broadcasting options, * The Segments.in_mask and Segments.in_perimeter methods
By
Geologic Hazards Science Center, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities

Related

mountainous valley with burn scar in foreground and person near an instrument with a solar panel

Postfire Landslide Monitoring Station: "Chambers" (2021 Dixie Fire) near Belden, CA

Wildfire can increase landslide susceptibility in mountainous terrain. The USGS maintains postfire landslide monitoring stations to track hillslope hydrologic conditions in the years following fire.
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Landslide Hazards Program, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities
Postfire Landslide Monitoring Station: "Chambers" (2021 Dixie Fire) near Belden, CA

Postfire Landslide Monitoring Station: "Chambers" (2021 Dixie Fire) near Belden, CA

Wildfire can increase landslide susceptibility in mountainous terrain. The USGS maintains postfire landslide monitoring stations to track hillslope hydrologic conditions in the years following fire.
Learn More
mountain tops with burn scars, and landslide instrument in foreground

Postfire Landslide Monitoring Station: "Chips" (2021 Dixie Fire) near Belden, CA

Wildfire can increase landslide susceptibility in mountainous terrain. The USGS maintains postfire landslide monitoring stations to track hillslope hydrologic conditions in the years following fire.
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Landslide Hazards Program, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities
Postfire Landslide Monitoring Station: "Chips" (2021 Dixie Fire) near Belden, CA

Postfire Landslide Monitoring Station: "Chips" (2021 Dixie Fire) near Belden, CA

Wildfire can increase landslide susceptibility in mountainous terrain. The USGS maintains postfire landslide monitoring stations to track hillslope hydrologic conditions in the years following fire.
Learn More
mountain tops with burn scars, and landslide instrument in foreground

"Chambers" - Recent Conditions

Recent Monitoring Data
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Landslide Hazards Program, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities
"Chambers" - Recent Conditions

"Chambers" - Recent Conditions

Recent Monitoring Data
Learn More
mountainous valley with burn scar in foreground and person near an instrument with a solar panel

"Chips" - Recent Conditions

Recent Monitoring Data
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Landslide Hazards Program
"Chips" - Recent Conditions

"Chips" - Recent Conditions

Recent Monitoring Data
Learn More
Filter Total Items: 32

Post-Wildfire Debris-Flow Runout Hazard Assessment (PWFDF-R) Collection (updated 20260423) Post-Wildfire Debris-Flow Runout Hazard Assessment (PWFDF-R) Collection (updated 20260423)

Wildfire can substantially alter the hydrologic response of watersheds to rainfall, and debris-flow activity is among the most destructive consequences of these events. To assist federal, state, and local agencies in planning for postfire hazards, the U.S. Geological Survey conducts debris-flow hazard runout assessments. This collection contains the results of those assessments conducted...
By
Geologic Hazards Science Center

Storm-Induced Coastal Change Forecasts: Louisiana Hurricanes Laura and Delta 2020 Storm-Induced Coastal Change Forecasts: Louisiana Hurricanes Laura and Delta 2020

These datasets contain information on the probabilities of storm-induced erosion (collision, overwash and inundation) on sandy beaches along the U.S. Gulf coast of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama during hurricane impact conditions of Hurricanes Laura and Delta in 2020. The analysis is based on a storm-impact scaling model that uses observations of dune morphology combined with
By
St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center

Sediment computed tomography (CT) scans, photographs, and core-log descriptions from Conconully Reservoir, Okanogan County, WA, 2022-2023 Sediment computed tomography (CT) scans, photographs, and core-log descriptions from Conconully Reservoir, Okanogan County, WA, 2022-2023

This data release contains information on four sediment cores that were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in Conconully Reservoir, Okanogan County, Washington, in June 2022 and October 2023. Data include the location each sediment core was collected, descriptions of the sediment profile of two of the cores (i.e., texture, color, structure, and visible constituents), photographs of...
By
Washington Water Science Center

Coastal Land-Cover and Feature Datasets Derived From Landsat Satellite Imagery, Sabine Pass to Bay Coquette, Louisiana Coastal Land-Cover and Feature Datasets Derived From Landsat Satellite Imagery, Sabine Pass to Bay Coquette, Louisiana

This data release serves as an archive of coastal land-cover and feature datasets derived from Landsat satellite imagery from Sabine Pass to Bay Coquette, Louisiana (LA). A total of 179 images acquired between 2013 and 2024 were analyzed. Water, bare earth (sand), and vegetated land-cover classes were mapped using (1) successive thresholding and masking of the modified normalized...
By
St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center

Supporting Datasets and R Code for Compound Flood Hazard Modeling in the New York–Long Island Sound Region (ver. 2.0, May 2026) Supporting Datasets and R Code for Compound Flood Hazard Modeling in the New York–Long Island Sound Region (ver. 2.0, May 2026)

This data release includes a shapefile of compound flood hazard scores and the associated input data, scripts, and a sample output file necessary for calculating rain-surge return period adjustments for Long Island Sound and its surrounding areas. The raw input data and imputation scripts are included in this data release and are located in the "Imputation and data compilation.zip"...
By
New York Water Science Center, USGS Science in Long Island Sound and its Watershed

Geospatial Dataset of Coastal Inundation Maps for Long Island, NY and Long Island Sound (CT/NY) Geospatial Dataset of Coastal Inundation Maps for Long Island, NY and Long Island Sound (CT/NY)

This data release contains shapefiles and raster data of spatially distributed water level inundation, water depth, wave discharge and a set of hazard ranks for water levels, waves, and a combination of both for coastal areas of Long Island, NY and Long Island Sound. Water inundation and depth data include both current and future projections of inundation based on 4 annual exceedance...
By
New York Water Science Center, USGS Science in Long Island Sound and its Watershed

Geospatial Datasets of Factors Influencing Pluvial Flood Potential in Long Island, New York and Near Coastal Areas Surrounding Long Island Sound in New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island Geospatial Datasets of Factors Influencing Pluvial Flood Potential in Long Island, New York and Near Coastal Areas Surrounding Long Island Sound in New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island

This data release provides spatial digital data for factors that influence pluvial flood hazard potential, including closed depressions, curve number, drainage networks, topographic slope, average annual rainfall, 1-hr and 24-hour 100-year return period rainfall accumulation, and locations of recorded floods. In addition, these flood influencing factors are summarized to a common 900...
By
New York Water Science Center, USGS Science in Long Island Sound and its Watershed

Geospatial Datasets of Factors Influencing Groundwater Emergence Flood Hazard in Long Island, New York and near Coastal Areas Surrounding Long Island Sound in New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island Geospatial Datasets of Factors Influencing Groundwater Emergence Flood Hazard in Long Island, New York and near Coastal Areas Surrounding Long Island Sound in New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island

This data release contains raster datasets representing depth to water table, calculated from steady-state groundwater models developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (Jahn and others, 2024; Barclay and others, 2024). The depth to water table rasters are available at an approximate resolution of 10 meters. In addition, depth to water table, hydrologic soil types, and landcover are...
By
New York Water Science Center, USGS Science in Long Island Sound and its Watershed

Charcoal and soil, water, and reservoir sediment-core chemistry in the North Fork Salmon Creek basin and Conconully Reservoir, Washington, 2022-2023 Charcoal and soil, water, and reservoir sediment-core chemistry in the North Fork Salmon Creek basin and Conconully Reservoir, Washington, 2022-2023

Charcoal counts and soil, water, and reservoir sediment-core geochemistry were characterized eight months after the November 2021 Muckamuck Fire in the North Fork Salmon Creek basin and Conconully Reservoir, Washington, the receiving water body. Parameters include sand-sized charcoal, Cesium-137, excess Lead-210, aqueous and solid-phase elemental chemistry, and polycyclic aromatic...
By
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Sediment Data From Surface Samples and Sand Augers Collected in 2023 From the Northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana Sediment Data From Surface Samples and Sand Augers Collected in 2023 From the Northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana

In 2023, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS SPCMSC) conducted a sediment sampling survey at the northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana. Funded by the Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act (Public Law 117-43) enacted on September 30, 2021, these data complement sediment data from samples...
By
St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center

Data Describing the Presence of Live Trees for Three Years in Sentinel-2 Pixels Across Four Fires in California, USA Data Describing the Presence of Live Trees for Three Years in Sentinel-2 Pixels Across Four Fires in California, USA

This dataset represents photointerpretation of live tree presence and raw pixel values from 500 randomly selected Sentinel-2 pixels across four fires in the state of California. This dataset was used to run random forest models to predict live tree presence in the Cabin Fire, Rough Fire, Pier Fire, and Schaeffer Fire at 1, 3, and 5 years post fire.
By
Western Ecological Research Center (WERC)

Post-Wildfire Debris-Flow Hazard Assessment (PWFDF) Collection Post-Wildfire Debris-Flow Hazard Assessment (PWFDF) Collection

Wildfire can substantially alter the hydrologic response of watersheds to rainfall, and debris-flow activity is among the most destructive consequences of these events. To assist federal, state, and local agencies in planning for postfire hazards, the U.S. Geological Survey conducts debris-flow hazard assessments for recent wildfires. This collection contains the results of those...
By
Landslide Hazards Program, Geologic Hazards Science Center
Filter Total Items: 16

Hazard potential of compound flooding from rainfall, storm surge, and groundwater in coastal New York and Connecticut Hazard potential of compound flooding from rainfall, storm surge, and groundwater in coastal New York and Connecticut

Compound flood events, the co-occurrence of multiple flood drivers, can result in flood hazard potential exceeding that of any single driver alone. To evaluate compound flooding in a semi-urbanized coastal area, historical records dating back to 1970 are used to study the co-occurrences of high precipitation, storm surge, and shallow groundwater conditions along the coastlines of New...
Authors
Robin L. Glas, Liv M. Herdman, Salme Ellen Cook, Archi Howlader, Kristina Kirkyla Masterson
By
New York Water Science Center

Compounding of 100-year coastal floods by rainfall in an urban environment Compounding of 100-year coastal floods by rainfall in an urban environment

Coastal and pluvial flooding are both becoming more prevalent and severe due to climate change and urbanization in floodplains. The co-occurrence of these flood drivers is generally assumed to exacerbate the resulting flood impacts, a result referred to as compound flooding. However, few observational or modeling studies have investigated the circumstances under which this occurs. Here...
Authors
Shima Kasaei, Phillip M. Orton, Thomas Wahl, David K. Ralston, John C. Warner
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Quantifying post-fire live tree presence and spatial variation using Sentinel-2 time series Quantifying post-fire live tree presence and spatial variation using Sentinel-2 time series

Accurate mapping of post-fire surviving trees is important for tracking forest recovery and prioritizing land management decisions. Satellite-based remote sensing is an effective method to assess post-fire forest conditions. Traditionally, differenced satellite-derived burn severity indices are computed by differencing one year pre- and post-fire spectral reflectance values. Differenced...
Authors
Saba J. Saberi, Phillip J. van Mantgem, Micah C. Wright, Christopher Y.S. Wong, Andrew M. Latimer, Derek J.N. Young
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Western Ecological Research Center (WERC)

Present and future coastal flooding hazard for Long Island, NY and Long Island Sound (NY/CT), USA Present and future coastal flooding hazard for Long Island, NY and Long Island Sound (NY/CT), USA

Coastal flooding and the associated damages due to storms are increasing with sea level rise around the world, with regional variability in the severity of impacts., Researchers and resource managers need to better understand and predict the future shifts in coastal flooding due to these processes to plan for resilient and sustainable communities. Here we present an analysis of long-term
Authors
Salme Ellen Cook, Liv M. Herdman
By
New York Water Science Center, USGS Science in Long Island Sound and its Watershed

A spatial analysis of the groundwater emergence flood hazard in Long Island, New York and near coastal areas surrounding Long Island Sound in New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island A spatial analysis of the groundwater emergence flood hazard in Long Island, New York and near coastal areas surrounding Long Island Sound in New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island

Long Island, New York and near coastal areas surrounding Long Island Sound are densely populated and, like other coastal areas, are susceptible to flooding from several potential sources, including stormwater from precipitation events, tidal flooding and storm surge, and groundwater inundation or groundwater emergence flooding. The latter refers to the intersection of a rising water...
Authors
Kristina Kirkyla Masterson, Robert J. Welk, Janet R. Barclay, Kalle Jahn, Liv M. Herdman
By
New York Water Science Center

Cascading consequences and interventions for hazards after wildfire in Okanogan County, Washington Cascading consequences and interventions for hazards after wildfire in Okanogan County, Washington

This report details the application of the chains of consequences method within the postfire hazard context after the 2021 Cedar Creek and Muckamuck Fires around Okanogan County, Washington. The U.S. Geological Survey Social and Economic Analysis branch convened 20 stakeholders with content- and context-specific knowledge related to these fires and their postfire hazards in an April 2023...
Authors
Briar H. Goldwyn, James R. Meldrum, Rudy Schuster
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Fort Collins Science Center

Rainfall thresholds for postfire debris-flow initiation vary with short-duration rainfall climatology Rainfall thresholds for postfire debris-flow initiation vary with short-duration rainfall climatology

The size, frequency, and geographic scope of severe wildfires are expanding across the globe, including in the Western United States. Recently burned steeplands have an increased likelihood of debris flows, which pose hazards to downstream communities. The conditions for postfire debris-flow initiation are commonly expressed as rainfall intensity-duration thresholds, which can be...
Authors
David B. Cavagnaro, Scott W. McCoy, Donald N. Lindsay, Luke A. McGuire, Jason W. Kean, Daniel T. Trugman
By
Landslide Hazards Program, Geologic Hazards Science Center

Pluvial and potential compound flooding in a coupled coastal modeling framework: New York City during post-tropical Cyclone Ida (2021) Pluvial and potential compound flooding in a coupled coastal modeling framework: New York City during post-tropical Cyclone Ida (2021)

Many coastal urban areas are prone to extreme pluvial flooding due to limitations in stormwater system capacity, with the additional potential for flooding compounded by storm surge, tides, and waves. Understanding and simulating these processes can improve prediction and flood risk management. Here, we adapt the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Wave–Sediment Transport modeling framework (COAWST...
Authors
Shima Kasaei, Phillip M. Orton, David K. Ralston, John C. Warner
By
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Assessment of western Oregon debris-flow hazards in burned and unburned environments Assessment of western Oregon debris-flow hazards in burned and unburned environments

In the steep and mountainous environment of western Oregon, debris flows pose a considerable threat to property, infrastructure and life. Wildfire is commonly known to increase the susceptibility of steep slopes to debris flows, but the extent of this process in the western Cascades is not well understood. The US Geological Survey (USGS) currently estimates postfire debris-flow...
Authors
Brittany Danielle Selander, Nancy C. Calhoun, William Burns, Jason W. Kean, Francis K. Rengers
By
Landslide Hazards Program, Geologic Hazards Science Center

Post-fire sediment yield from a western Sierra Nevada watershed burned by the 2021 Caldor Fire Post-fire sediment yield from a western Sierra Nevada watershed burned by the 2021 Caldor Fire

Watershed sediment yield commonly increases after wildfire, often causing negative impacts to downstream infrastructure and water resources. Post-fire erosion is important to understand and quantify because it is increasingly placing water supplies, habitat, communities, and infrastructure at risk as fire regimes intensify in a warming climate. However, measurements of post-fire sediment
Authors
Amy E. East, Joshua B. Logan, Peter Dartnell, Helen Willemien Dow, Donald N. Lindsay, David B. Cavagnaro
By
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Wildland Fire Science

Postfire sediment mobilization and its downstream implications across California, 1984 – 2021 Postfire sediment mobilization and its downstream implications across California, 1984 – 2021

Fire facilitates erosion through changes in vegetation and soil, with major postfire erosion commonly occurring even with moderate rainfall. As climate warms, the western United States (U.S.) is experiencing an intensifying fire regime and increasing frequency of extreme rain. We evaluated whether these hydroclimatic changes are evident in patterns of postfire erosion by modeling...
Authors
Helen Willemien Dow, Amy E. East, Joel B. Sankey, Jonathan A. Warrick, Jaime Kostelnik, Donald N. Lindsay, Jason W. Kean
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, Natural Hazards Mission Area, Landslide Hazards Program, Geologic Hazards Science Center, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Southwest Biological Science Center, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities, Wildland Fire Science

A robust quantitative method to distinguish runoff-generated debris flows from floods A robust quantitative method to distinguish runoff-generated debris flows from floods

Debris flows and floods generated by rainfall runoff occur in rocky mountainous landscapes and burned steeplands. Flow type is commonly identified post-event through interpretation of depositional structures, but these may be poorly preserved or misinterpreted. Prior research indicates that discharge magnitude is commonly amplified in debris flows relative to floods due to volumetric...
Authors
David B. Cavagnaro, Scott W. McCoy, Jason W. Kean, Matthew A. Thomas, Donald N. Lindsay, Brian W. McArdell, Jacob Hirschberg
By
Natural Hazards Mission Area, Landslide Hazards Program, Geologic Hazards Science Center, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities

Hurricane Ida: USGS Response in Pennsylvania to September 1-2, 2021, Flooding Related to Remnants of Hurricane Ida Hurricane Ida: USGS Response in Pennsylvania to September 1-2, 2021, Flooding Related to Remnants of Hurricane Ida

This geonarrative is an interactive online presentation of the USGS Pennsylvania Water Science Center's data collection efforts related to Hurricane Ida. This geonarrative includes a summary of the storm in Pennsylvania, USGS data collection methods, embedded interactive maps of flood extents in 5 southeastern Pennsylvania localities, and visual depictions of the storm’s impact across the state.
By
Pennsylvania Water Science Center, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities

ursa - A Python library for postfire debris-flow runout hazard assessments and research, version 1.0.0 ursa - A Python library for postfire debris-flow runout hazard assessments and research, version 1.0.0

Ursa is a python tool for the setup, management, and analysis of postfire debris-flow runout simulations. Ursa provides (1) a set of python functions that accomplish each phase of a hazard assessment workflow and (2) a Snakemake snakefile that uses the python functions to run the entire workflow. Ursa is intended as a flexible tool for a particular purpose. It is not intended as a...
By
Geologic Hazards Science Center

ocelote 1.1.0 ocelote 1.1.0

This release adds functionality for building debris-flow likelihood lookup tables, and uploading the results to the National Weather Service (NWS) FTP endpoint. The release: * Adds the `authenticate nws` command, which collects authentication credentials for uploading to the NWS FTP endpoint * Updates the `run` command to compute debris-flow likelihood lookup tables, and save the results...
By
Geologic Hazards Science Center

wildcat 1.1.0 wildcat 1.1.0

This release allows users to select the CRS of exported files, and to specify alternate configuration files. The release also updates wildcat’s backend for compatibility with pfdf 3+. Documentation: https://ghsc.code-pages.usgs.gov/lhp/wildcat/ Release Notes: https://ghsc.code-pages.usgs.gov/lhp/wildcat/resources/release-notes/1.1.0.html
By
Landslide Hazards Program, Geologic Hazards Science Center

pfdf 2.0.0 pfdf 2.0.0

This release substantially improves support for working with datasets in a mix of coordinate reference systems. The release also introduces new classes for working with spatial metadata, adds confidence intervals to the Gartner 2014 volume model, adds support for additional unit systems, and improves the user experience when filtering the stream segments in a network.
By
Landslide Hazards Program

pfdf 1.1.0 pfdf 1.1.0

This release add the following major features to pfdf: * Comprehensive documentation * Raster preprocessing * Parallelization options when locating outlet basins * Windowed raster reading The release also provides minor improvements, as follows: * Raster data/nodata masks, * Improved model broadcasting options, * The Segments.in_mask and Segments.in_perimeter methods
By
Geologic Hazards Science Center, Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Recovery Activities
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