Publications
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Geochemical evolution of Keanakāko‘i Tephra, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i Geochemical evolution of Keanakāko‘i Tephra, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
The Keanakāko‘i Tephra was deposited from 1500 to ca. 1820 CE, when Kīlauea’s magmatic output was ~2% of the average output during historical times (post–1823 CE). The tephra consists of deposits from numerous phreatomagmatic and phreatic eruptions, three episodes of high lava fountains, and one lava. Fresh glass is available from most tephra units. Major elements and trace elements were
Authors
M.O. Garcia, Adonara E. Mucek, Kendra J. Lynn, Donald A. Swanson, Marc D. Norman
Lava lake thermal pattern classification using self organizing maps and relationships to eruption processes at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii Lava lake thermal pattern classification using self organizing maps and relationships to eruption processes at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii
Kīlauea Volcano’s active summit lava lake poses hazards to downwind residents and over 1.6 million Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park visitors each year. The lava lake surface is dynamic; crustal plates separated by incandescent cracks move across the lake as magma circulates below. We hypothesize that these dynamic thermal patterns are related to changes in other volcanic processes, such...
Authors
Amy M Burzynski, Steve W. Anderson, Kerryn Morrison, Matthew R. Patrick, Tim R. Orr, Weston Thelen
A new perspective on the 19th century golden pumice deposit of Kilauea volcano A new perspective on the 19th century golden pumice deposit of Kilauea volcano
The golden pumice deposit (unit K1) represents one of the latest episodes of Hawaiian fountaining in the Keanakāko‘i Tephra and is the product of the first high fountaining eruption at Kīlauea summit in ~300 yr, since the caldera formed in ca. 1500 CE. We present a new physical characterization of the deposit based on over 200 field sites, all affected by severe erosion, alteration, and...
Authors
Sebastien Biass, Donald A. Swanson, Bruce F. Houghton
Controls on lava lake level at Halema‘uma‘u Crater, Kīlauea Volcano Controls on lava lake level at Halema‘uma‘u Crater, Kīlauea Volcano
The height of the lava column is a fundamental measure of open-vent volcanic activity, but little continuous long-term data exist to understand this parameter. The recent (2008-2018) lava lake activity at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano provides a unique opportunity to track and understand the processes that control lava level over timescales ranging from minutes to years. We review...
Authors
Matthew R. Patrick, Donald A. Swanson, Tim R. Orr
The rupture process of the 2018 Mw 6.9 Hawaiʻi earthquake as imaged by a genetic algorithm-based back-projection technique The rupture process of the 2018 Mw 6.9 Hawaiʻi earthquake as imaged by a genetic algorithm-based back-projection technique
An episode of unrest began at Kīlauea in April 2018 that produced both significant volcanic output and high rates of seismicity, including a Mw 6.9 earthquake on 4 May 2018. In this study, we image the rupture process of this earthquake using a genetic algorithm-based back-projection technique. The dominant feature of the earthquake is a slowly propagating western rupture, which shares...
Authors
Haiyang Kehoe, Eric Kiser, Paul G. Okubo
Space-based imaging radar studies of U.S. volcanoes Space-based imaging radar studies of U.S. volcanoes
The arrival of space-based imaging radar as a revolutionary land-surface mapping and monitoring tool little more than a quarter century ago enabled a spate of innovative volcano research worldwide. Soon after launch of European Space Agency’s ERS-1 spacecraft in 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey began SAR and InSAR studies of volcanoes in the Aleutian and Cascades arcs, in Hawai’i, and...
Authors
Daniel Dzurisin, Zhong Lu, Michael P. Poland, Charles W. Wicks
Lava flow morphology at an erupting andesitic stratovolcano: A satellite perspective on El Reventador, Ecuador Lava flow morphology at an erupting andesitic stratovolcano: A satellite perspective on El Reventador, Ecuador
Lava flows pose a significant hazard to infrastructure and property located close to volcanoes, and understanding how flows advance is necessary to manage volcanic hazard during eruptions. Compared to low-silica basaltic flows, flows of andesitic composition are infrequently erupted and so relatively few studies of their characteristics and behaviour exist. We use El Reventador, Ecuador...
Authors
David W. D. Arnold, Juliet Biggs, Hannah R. Dietterich, Silvia Vallejo Vargas, Geoffrey Wadge, Patricia Mothes
Hydrogen isotopes in high 3He/4He submarine basalts: Primordial vs. recycled water and the veil of mantle enrichment Hydrogen isotopes in high 3He/4He submarine basalts: Primordial vs. recycled water and the veil of mantle enrichment
The hydrogen isotope value (δD) of water indigenous to the mantle is masked by the early degassing and recycling of surface water through Earth's history. High 3He/4He ratios in some ocean island basalts, however, provide a clear geochemical signature of deep, primordial mantle that has been isolated within the Earth's interior from melting, degassing, and convective mixing with the...
Authors
Matthew W. Loewen, David W. Graham, Ilya N. Bindeman, John E. Lupton, Michael O. Garcia
The 2018 rift eruption and summit collapse of Kilauea Volcano The 2018 rift eruption and summit collapse of Kilauea Volcano
In 2018, Kīlauea Volcano experienced its largest lower East Rift Zone (LERZ) eruption and caldera collapse in at least 200 years. After collapse of the Pu'u 'Ō'ō vent on 30 April, magma propagated downrift. Eruptive fissures opened in the LERZ on 3 May, eventually extending ~6.8 km. A 4 May earthquake (M6.9) produced ~5 m of fault slip. Lava erupted at rates exceeding 100 m3/s...
Authors
Christina A. Neal, Steven Brantley, Loren Antolik, Janet Babb, Matthew K. Burgess, Michael Cappos, Jefferson Chang, Sarah Conway, Liliana G. Desmither, Peter Dotray, Tamar Elias, Pauline Fukunaga, Steven Fuke, Ingrid A. Johanson, Kevan Kamibayashi, James P. Kauahikaua, R. Lopaka Lee, S. Pekalib, Asta Miklius, Brian Shiro, Don Swanson, Patricia A. Nadeau, Michael H. Zoeller, P. Okubo, Carolyn Parcheta, Matthew R. Patrick, William Tollett, Frank A. Trusdell, Edward F. Younger, Emily K. Montgomery-Brown, Kyle R. Anderson, Michael P. Poland, Jessica L. Ball, Joseph A. Bard, Michelle L. Coombs, Hannah R. Dietterich, Christoph Kern, Weston Thelen, Peter Cervelli, Tim R. Orr, Bruce F. Houghton, Cheryl Gansecki, Richard Hazlett, Paul Lundgren, Angela K. Diefenbach, Allan Lerner, Greg Waite, Peter J. Kelly, Laura E. Clor, Cynthia Werner, Katherine Mulliken, Gary B. Fisher, David Damby
Insights into the mechanisms of phreatic eruptions from continuous high frequency volcanic gas monitoring: Rincón de la Vieja volcano, Costa Rica Insights into the mechanisms of phreatic eruptions from continuous high frequency volcanic gas monitoring: Rincón de la Vieja volcano, Costa Rica
Understanding the trigger mechanisms of phreatic eruptions is key to mitigating the effects of these hazardous but poorly forecastable volcanic events. It has recently been established that high-rate volcanic gas observations are potentially very suitable to identifying the source processes driving phreatic eruptions, and to eventually detecting precursory changes prior to individual...
Authors
Angelo Battaglia, J. Maarten de Moor, Alessandro Aiuppa, Geoffroy Avard, Henriette Bakkar, Marcello Bitetto, M. M. Mora Fernandez, Peter J. Kelly, Gaetano Giudice, Dario Delle Donne, Hairo Villalobos
Warming effects of spring rainfall increase methane emissions from thawing permafrost Warming effects of spring rainfall increase methane emissions from thawing permafrost
Methane emissions regulate the near‐term global warming potential of permafrost thaw, particularly where loss of ice‐rich permafrost converts forest and tundra into wetlands. Northern latitudes are expected to get warmer and wetter, and while there is consensus that warming will increase thaw and methane emissions, effects of increased precipitation are uncertain. At a thawing wetland...
Authors
Rebecca B. Neumann, C.J. Moorberg, J.D. Lundquist, J.C. Turner, Mark P. Waldrop, Jack W. McFarland, E.S. Euskirchen, C.W. Edgar, M. R. Turetsky
Geochemical and petrological diversity of mafic magmas from Mount St. Helens Geochemical and petrological diversity of mafic magmas from Mount St. Helens
Quaternary eruptive products in the Cascade arc include a variety of different basalt types. At Mount St. Helens (MSH), the most active volcano in the Cascades throughout the last 35 ka, three different mafic endmembers erupted at the end of the Castle Creek period (1900–1700 years B.P.): (1) high-field strength element (HFSE)-rich basalt enriched in K, Ti, P, and incompatible trace...
Authors
Maren Wanke, Olivier Bachmann, Albrecht von Quadt Wykradt-Huchtenbruck, Torsten W. Vennemann, Michael A. Clynne