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Caitlyn Florentine, Ph.D.

I research the cryosphere (frozen Earth) using an approach that integrates in situ data collected in the field, remotely-sensed data, and simple numerical models. My main research interest is in quantitative glaciology, especially regarding the physics of glacier flow and glacier-climate relationships.

Education

Ph.D. Geosciences. 2018. University of Montana, Missoula, Montana

M.S. Earth Sciences. 2011. Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana

B.A. Geology. 2007. Colorado College, Colorado Springs, Colorado

Research Interests

The snow and ice systems I study are intimately linked to the lithosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere. My research therefore often overlaps with avalanche science, geology, geomorphology, ecology, and hydrology in alpine and Arctic settings. Currently I work with the U.S. Geological Survey Glaciers and Climate Project and the Climate Change in Mountain Ecosystems group.

Science and Products

link
Researchers on Sperry Glacier

Glaciers—Understanding Climate Drivers

Across the globe, glaciers are decreasing in volume and number in response to climate change. Glaciers are important for agriculture, hydropower, recreation, tourism, and biological communities. Loss of glaciers contributes to sea-level rise, creates environmental hazards and can alter aquatic habitats. These are among the cascading effects linked to glacier loss which impact ecosystems and human...
By
Ecosystems, Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
link

Glaciers—Understanding Climate Drivers

Across the globe, glaciers are decreasing in volume and number in response to climate change. Glaciers are important for agriculture, hydropower, recreation, tourism, and biological communities. Loss of glaciers contributes to sea-level rise, creates environmental hazards and can alter aquatic habitats. These are among the cascading effects linked to glacier loss which impact ecosystems and human...
Learn More
link
Arctic glacier

USGS Benchmark Glacier Project

Scientists with the USGS Benchmark Glacier Project study the process and impacts of glacier change, including sea-level rise, water resources, environmental hazards and ecosystem links. At the core of this research are mass balance measurements at five glaciers in the United States. Since the 1960s, these glaciers have been studied using direct observations of glaciers and meteorology. The project...
By
Climate Research and Development Program
link

USGS Benchmark Glacier Project

Scientists with the USGS Benchmark Glacier Project study the process and impacts of glacier change, including sea-level rise, water resources, environmental hazards and ecosystem links. At the core of this research are mass balance measurements at five glaciers in the United States. Since the 1960s, these glaciers have been studied using direct observations of glaciers and meteorology. The project...
Learn More
link
Glacier National Park

Glaciers and Climate Project

Scientists with the Glaciers and Climate Project study many of the pertinent impacts that glaciers present to society, such as altering hydrologic cycles, contributing to sea-level rise, and creating environmental hazards.
By
Alaska Science Center
link

Glaciers and Climate Project

Scientists with the Glaciers and Climate Project study many of the pertinent impacts that glaciers present to society, such as altering hydrologic cycles, contributing to sea-level rise, and creating environmental hazards.
Learn More
link
This image shows the perimeter of Sperry Glacier in Glacier National Park in 1966,1998, 2005, and 2015.

Time Series of Glacier Retreat

The retreat of glaciers (see PDF at end of page) in Glacier National Park, Montana, has received widespread attention by the media, the public, and scientists because it is a clear and poignant indicator of change in the northern Rocky Mountains of the USA. In 2017, the USGS and Portland State University released a dataset which describes the areas of the 37 named glaciers in Glacier National Park...
By
Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
link

Time Series of Glacier Retreat

The retreat of glaciers (see PDF at end of page) in Glacier National Park, Montana, has received widespread attention by the media, the public, and scientists because it is a clear and poignant indicator of change in the northern Rocky Mountains of the USA. In 2017, the USGS and Portland State University released a dataset which describes the areas of the 37 named glaciers in Glacier National Park...
Learn More
link
Image: Garden Wall Weather Station, MT

Climate Change in Mountain Ecosystems (CCME)

Climate change is widely acknowledged to have a profound effect on the biosphere and cryosphere with many and diverse impacts on global resources. Mountain ecosystems in the western U.S., and the U.S. Northern Rocky Mountains in particular, are highly sensitive to climate change. Warming in western Montana is nearly 2 times greater than the rise in global temperatures over the last 100+ years...
By
Ecosystems, Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
link

Climate Change in Mountain Ecosystems (CCME)

Climate change is widely acknowledged to have a profound effect on the biosphere and cryosphere with many and diverse impacts on global resources. Mountain ecosystems in the western U.S., and the U.S. Northern Rocky Mountains in particular, are highly sensitive to climate change. Warming in western Montana is nearly 2 times greater than the rise in global temperatures over the last 100+ years...
Learn More
link
Getting the shot of Blackfoot Glacier, GNP.

Repeat Photography Project

Repeat photography provides objective visual evidence of landscape change. USGS scientists created approximately sixty repeat photography pairs that document glacier change in Glacier National Park. These photograph pairs are available as a collection hosted by the USGS Photographic Library and are publicly available for download. Modern (1997 to 2019) photographs were taken from precisely the...
By
Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
link

Repeat Photography Project

Repeat photography provides objective visual evidence of landscape change. USGS scientists created approximately sixty repeat photography pairs that document glacier change in Glacier National Park. These photograph pairs are available as a collection hosted by the USGS Photographic Library and are publicly available for download. Modern (1997 to 2019) photographs were taken from precisely the...
Learn More
link
Image: Shepard Glacier, Glacier National Park, Montana - 1913

Brief History of Glaciers in Glacier National Park

The history of glaciation in Glacier National Park spans thousands of years of glacial growth and recession, carving the steep and striking mountain features we see today. Glaciers have been present within the boundaries of present-day Glacier National Park since as early as 6,500 years ago (Munroe and others, 2012). These modest glaciers varied in size, tracking climatic trends, but did not grow...
By
Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
link

Brief History of Glaciers in Glacier National Park

The history of glaciation in Glacier National Park spans thousands of years of glacial growth and recession, carving the steep and striking mountain features we see today. Glaciers have been present within the boundaries of present-day Glacier National Park since as early as 6,500 years ago (Munroe and others, 2012). These modest glaciers varied in size, tracking climatic trends, but did not grow...
Learn More
link
Old Sun Glacier

Status of Glaciers in Glacier National Park

Glaciers on the Glacier National Park (GNP) landscape have ecological value as a source of cold meltwater in the otherwise dry late summer months, and aesthetic value as the park’s namesake features. USGS scientists have studied these glaciers since the late 1800s, building a body of research that documents widespread glacier change over the past century. Ongoing USGS research pairs long-term data...
By
Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
link

Status of Glaciers in Glacier National Park

Glaciers on the Glacier National Park (GNP) landscape have ecological value as a source of cold meltwater in the otherwise dry late summer months, and aesthetic value as the park’s namesake features. USGS scientists have studied these glaciers since the late 1800s, building a body of research that documents widespread glacier change over the past century. Ongoing USGS research pairs long-term data...
Learn More
link
Measuring the glacier margin.

Glacier Monitoring Studies

The purpose of the CCME's glacier monitoring studies is to systematically monitor changes in Glacier National Park’s namesake glaciers and to determine the causes of changes, assess their ecological and hydrological effects, and predict future changes and effects.USGS FACT SHEET: Glacier Retreat in Glacier National Park, MontanaSTAY TUNED, MORE CONTENT IS COMING SOON!
By
Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
link

Glacier Monitoring Studies

The purpose of the CCME's glacier monitoring studies is to systematically monitor changes in Glacier National Park’s namesake glaciers and to determine the causes of changes, assess their ecological and hydrological effects, and predict future changes and effects.USGS FACT SHEET: Glacier Retreat in Glacier National Park, MontanaSTAY TUNED, MORE CONTENT IS COMING SOON!
Learn More
link
Researchers studying Sperry Glacier in Glacier National Park

Glacier Research

Climatic warming since the end of the Little Ice Age has resulted in substantial glacier ice loss around the world. Most glaciers have undergone thinning and many exhibit retreat at their margins. Glacier loss triggers a cascade of hydrological and ecological effects that impact plants, animals and can create human hazard and economic hardship. USGS scientists are using a variety of methods and...
By
Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
link

Glacier Research

Climatic warming since the end of the Little Ice Age has resulted in substantial glacier ice loss around the world. Most glaciers have undergone thinning and many exhibit retreat at their margins. Glacier loss triggers a cascade of hydrological and ecological effects that impact plants, animals and can create human hazard and economic hardship. USGS scientists are using a variety of methods and...
Learn More

Glacier-Wide Mass Balance and Compiled Data Inputs: USGS Benchmark Glaciers

Since the late 1950s, the USGS has maintained a long-term glacier mass-balance program at three North American glaciers. Measurements began on South Cascade Glacier, WA in 1958, expanding to Gulkana and Wolverine glaciers, AK in 1966, and later Sperry Glacier, MT in 2005. Additional measurements have been made on Lemon Creek Glacier, AK to compliment data collected by the Juneau Icefield Research
By
Climate Research and Development Program, Alaska Science Center

Raw Ground Penetrating Radar Data on North American Glaciers

U.S. Geological Survey researchers conducted time-series ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys with a Sensors and Software 500-MHz Pulse Ekko Pro system. This data release contains ground-based (ski and snowmobile) as well as airborne common-offset profiles. All profiles are linked to coincident GPS observations. Additionally, common-midpoint data was collected at specific glacier locations. Coin
By
Alaska Science Center

Specialized meltwater biodiversity persists despite widespread deglaciation

Glaciers are important drivers of environmental heterogeneity and biological diversity across mountain landscapes. Worldwide, glaciers are receding rapidly due to climate change, with important consequences for biodiversity in mountain ecosystems. However, the effects of glacier loss on biodiversity have never been quantified across a mountainous region, primarily due to a lack of adequate data at
By
Ecosystems, Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center

Parsing complex terrain controls on mountain glacier response to climate forcing

Glaciers are a key indicator of changing climate in the high mountain landscape. Glacier variations across a mountain range are ultimately driven by regional climate forcing. However, changes also reflect local, topographically driven processes such as snow avalanching, snow wind-drifting, and radiation shading as well as the initial glacier conditions such as hypsometry and ice thickness. Here we
By
Ecosystems, Climate Research and Development Program, Land Change Science Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center

Glacier retreat in Glacier National Park, Montana

Currently, the volume of land ice on Earth is decreasing, driving consequential changes to global sea level and local stream habitat. Glacier retreat in Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A., is one example of land ice loss and glacier change. The U.S. Geological Survey Benchmark Glacier Project conducts glaciological research and collects field measurements across select North American glaciers,
By
Ecosystems, Climate Research and Development Program, Land Change Science Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center

Reanalysis of the U.S. Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: Long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance

Mountain glaciers integrate climate processes to provide an unmatched signal of regional climate forcing. However, extracting the climate signal via intercomparison of regional glacier mass balance records can be problematic when methods for extrapolating and calibrating direct glaciological measurements are mixed or inconsistent. To address this problem, we reanalyzed and compared long-term mass
By
Climate Research and Development Program, Land Change Science Program, Alaska Science Center

Local topography increasingly influences the mass balance of a retreating cirque glacier

Local topographically driven processes – such as wind drifting, avalanching, and shading – are known to alter the relationship between the mass balance of small cirque glaciers and regional climate. Yet partitioning such local effects from regional climate influence has proven difficult, creating uncertainty in the climate representativeness of some glaciers. We address this problem for Sperry Gla
By
Ecosystems, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center

Pre-USGS Publications

Florentine, C., J. Harper, J. Johnson, T. Meierbachtol. 2018. Radiostratigraphy
reflects the present-day internal flow field in the ablation zone of western
Greenland Ice Sheet. Frontiers in Earth Science 6, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00044
Florentine, C., M. Skidmore, M. Speece, C. Link, C. Shaw. 2014. Surface morphology
and internal deformation at Lone Peak rock glacier, Big Sky, Montana, USA.
Journal of Glaciology 60, 453-462. https://doi.org/10.3189/2014JoG13J160
link

Friday's Findings - November 5 2021

What is a glacier? Defining ice dynamic thresholds for regional assessments of glacier mass change

Date: November 5, 2021 from 2-2:30 p.m. eastern time...

Read Article

Science and Products

  • Science
    link
    Researchers on Sperry Glacier

    Glaciers—Understanding Climate Drivers

    Across the globe, glaciers are decreasing in volume and number in response to climate change. Glaciers are important for agriculture, hydropower, recreation, tourism, and biological communities. Loss of glaciers contributes to sea-level rise, creates environmental hazards and can alter aquatic habitats. These are among the cascading effects linked to glacier loss which impact ecosystems and human...
    By
    Ecosystems, Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
    link

    Glaciers—Understanding Climate Drivers

    Across the globe, glaciers are decreasing in volume and number in response to climate change. Glaciers are important for agriculture, hydropower, recreation, tourism, and biological communities. Loss of glaciers contributes to sea-level rise, creates environmental hazards and can alter aquatic habitats. These are among the cascading effects linked to glacier loss which impact ecosystems and human...
    Learn More
    link
    Arctic glacier

    USGS Benchmark Glacier Project

    Scientists with the USGS Benchmark Glacier Project study the process and impacts of glacier change, including sea-level rise, water resources, environmental hazards and ecosystem links. At the core of this research are mass balance measurements at five glaciers in the United States. Since the 1960s, these glaciers have been studied using direct observations of glaciers and meteorology. The project...
    By
    Climate Research and Development Program
    link

    USGS Benchmark Glacier Project

    Scientists with the USGS Benchmark Glacier Project study the process and impacts of glacier change, including sea-level rise, water resources, environmental hazards and ecosystem links. At the core of this research are mass balance measurements at five glaciers in the United States. Since the 1960s, these glaciers have been studied using direct observations of glaciers and meteorology. The project...
    Learn More
    link
    Glacier National Park

    Glaciers and Climate Project

    Scientists with the Glaciers and Climate Project study many of the pertinent impacts that glaciers present to society, such as altering hydrologic cycles, contributing to sea-level rise, and creating environmental hazards.
    By
    Alaska Science Center
    link

    Glaciers and Climate Project

    Scientists with the Glaciers and Climate Project study many of the pertinent impacts that glaciers present to society, such as altering hydrologic cycles, contributing to sea-level rise, and creating environmental hazards.
    Learn More
    link
    This image shows the perimeter of Sperry Glacier in Glacier National Park in 1966,1998, 2005, and 2015.

    Time Series of Glacier Retreat

    The retreat of glaciers (see PDF at end of page) in Glacier National Park, Montana, has received widespread attention by the media, the public, and scientists because it is a clear and poignant indicator of change in the northern Rocky Mountains of the USA. In 2017, the USGS and Portland State University released a dataset which describes the areas of the 37 named glaciers in Glacier National Park...
    By
    Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
    link

    Time Series of Glacier Retreat

    The retreat of glaciers (see PDF at end of page) in Glacier National Park, Montana, has received widespread attention by the media, the public, and scientists because it is a clear and poignant indicator of change in the northern Rocky Mountains of the USA. In 2017, the USGS and Portland State University released a dataset which describes the areas of the 37 named glaciers in Glacier National Park...
    Learn More
    link
    Image: Garden Wall Weather Station, MT

    Climate Change in Mountain Ecosystems (CCME)

    Climate change is widely acknowledged to have a profound effect on the biosphere and cryosphere with many and diverse impacts on global resources. Mountain ecosystems in the western U.S., and the U.S. Northern Rocky Mountains in particular, are highly sensitive to climate change. Warming in western Montana is nearly 2 times greater than the rise in global temperatures over the last 100+ years...
    By
    Ecosystems, Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
    link

    Climate Change in Mountain Ecosystems (CCME)

    Climate change is widely acknowledged to have a profound effect on the biosphere and cryosphere with many and diverse impacts on global resources. Mountain ecosystems in the western U.S., and the U.S. Northern Rocky Mountains in particular, are highly sensitive to climate change. Warming in western Montana is nearly 2 times greater than the rise in global temperatures over the last 100+ years...
    Learn More
    link
    Getting the shot of Blackfoot Glacier, GNP.

    Repeat Photography Project

    Repeat photography provides objective visual evidence of landscape change. USGS scientists created approximately sixty repeat photography pairs that document glacier change in Glacier National Park. These photograph pairs are available as a collection hosted by the USGS Photographic Library and are publicly available for download. Modern (1997 to 2019) photographs were taken from precisely the...
    By
    Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
    link

    Repeat Photography Project

    Repeat photography provides objective visual evidence of landscape change. USGS scientists created approximately sixty repeat photography pairs that document glacier change in Glacier National Park. These photograph pairs are available as a collection hosted by the USGS Photographic Library and are publicly available for download. Modern (1997 to 2019) photographs were taken from precisely the...
    Learn More
    link
    Image: Shepard Glacier, Glacier National Park, Montana - 1913

    Brief History of Glaciers in Glacier National Park

    The history of glaciation in Glacier National Park spans thousands of years of glacial growth and recession, carving the steep and striking mountain features we see today. Glaciers have been present within the boundaries of present-day Glacier National Park since as early as 6,500 years ago (Munroe and others, 2012). These modest glaciers varied in size, tracking climatic trends, but did not grow...
    By
    Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
    link

    Brief History of Glaciers in Glacier National Park

    The history of glaciation in Glacier National Park spans thousands of years of glacial growth and recession, carving the steep and striking mountain features we see today. Glaciers have been present within the boundaries of present-day Glacier National Park since as early as 6,500 years ago (Munroe and others, 2012). These modest glaciers varied in size, tracking climatic trends, but did not grow...
    Learn More
    link
    Old Sun Glacier

    Status of Glaciers in Glacier National Park

    Glaciers on the Glacier National Park (GNP) landscape have ecological value as a source of cold meltwater in the otherwise dry late summer months, and aesthetic value as the park’s namesake features. USGS scientists have studied these glaciers since the late 1800s, building a body of research that documents widespread glacier change over the past century. Ongoing USGS research pairs long-term data...
    By
    Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
    link

    Status of Glaciers in Glacier National Park

    Glaciers on the Glacier National Park (GNP) landscape have ecological value as a source of cold meltwater in the otherwise dry late summer months, and aesthetic value as the park’s namesake features. USGS scientists have studied these glaciers since the late 1800s, building a body of research that documents widespread glacier change over the past century. Ongoing USGS research pairs long-term data...
    Learn More
    link
    Measuring the glacier margin.

    Glacier Monitoring Studies

    The purpose of the CCME's glacier monitoring studies is to systematically monitor changes in Glacier National Park’s namesake glaciers and to determine the causes of changes, assess their ecological and hydrological effects, and predict future changes and effects.USGS FACT SHEET: Glacier Retreat in Glacier National Park, MontanaSTAY TUNED, MORE CONTENT IS COMING SOON!
    By
    Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
    link

    Glacier Monitoring Studies

    The purpose of the CCME's glacier monitoring studies is to systematically monitor changes in Glacier National Park’s namesake glaciers and to determine the causes of changes, assess their ecological and hydrological effects, and predict future changes and effects.USGS FACT SHEET: Glacier Retreat in Glacier National Park, MontanaSTAY TUNED, MORE CONTENT IS COMING SOON!
    Learn More
    link
    Researchers studying Sperry Glacier in Glacier National Park

    Glacier Research

    Climatic warming since the end of the Little Ice Age has resulted in substantial glacier ice loss around the world. Most glaciers have undergone thinning and many exhibit retreat at their margins. Glacier loss triggers a cascade of hydrological and ecological effects that impact plants, animals and can create human hazard and economic hardship. USGS scientists are using a variety of methods and...
    By
    Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
    link

    Glacier Research

    Climatic warming since the end of the Little Ice Age has resulted in substantial glacier ice loss around the world. Most glaciers have undergone thinning and many exhibit retreat at their margins. Glacier loss triggers a cascade of hydrological and ecological effects that impact plants, animals and can create human hazard and economic hardship. USGS scientists are using a variety of methods and...
    Learn More
  • Data

    Glacier-Wide Mass Balance and Compiled Data Inputs: USGS Benchmark Glaciers

    Since the late 1950s, the USGS has maintained a long-term glacier mass-balance program at three North American glaciers. Measurements began on South Cascade Glacier, WA in 1958, expanding to Gulkana and Wolverine glaciers, AK in 1966, and later Sperry Glacier, MT in 2005. Additional measurements have been made on Lemon Creek Glacier, AK to compliment data collected by the Juneau Icefield Research
    By
    Climate Research and Development Program, Alaska Science Center

    Raw Ground Penetrating Radar Data on North American Glaciers

    U.S. Geological Survey researchers conducted time-series ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys with a Sensors and Software 500-MHz Pulse Ekko Pro system. This data release contains ground-based (ski and snowmobile) as well as airborne common-offset profiles. All profiles are linked to coincident GPS observations. Additionally, common-midpoint data was collected at specific glacier locations. Coin
    By
    Alaska Science Center
  • Publications

    Specialized meltwater biodiversity persists despite widespread deglaciation

    Glaciers are important drivers of environmental heterogeneity and biological diversity across mountain landscapes. Worldwide, glaciers are receding rapidly due to climate change, with important consequences for biodiversity in mountain ecosystems. However, the effects of glacier loss on biodiversity have never been quantified across a mountainous region, primarily due to a lack of adequate data at
    By
    Ecosystems, Climate Research and Development Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center

    Parsing complex terrain controls on mountain glacier response to climate forcing

    Glaciers are a key indicator of changing climate in the high mountain landscape. Glacier variations across a mountain range are ultimately driven by regional climate forcing. However, changes also reflect local, topographically driven processes such as snow avalanching, snow wind-drifting, and radiation shading as well as the initial glacier conditions such as hypsometry and ice thickness. Here we
    By
    Ecosystems, Climate Research and Development Program, Land Change Science Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center

    Glacier retreat in Glacier National Park, Montana

    Currently, the volume of land ice on Earth is decreasing, driving consequential changes to global sea level and local stream habitat. Glacier retreat in Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A., is one example of land ice loss and glacier change. The U.S. Geological Survey Benchmark Glacier Project conducts glaciological research and collects field measurements across select North American glaciers,
    By
    Ecosystems, Climate Research and Development Program, Land Change Science Program, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center

    Reanalysis of the U.S. Geological Survey Benchmark Glaciers: Long-term insight into climate forcing of glacier mass balance

    Mountain glaciers integrate climate processes to provide an unmatched signal of regional climate forcing. However, extracting the climate signal via intercomparison of regional glacier mass balance records can be problematic when methods for extrapolating and calibrating direct glaciological measurements are mixed or inconsistent. To address this problem, we reanalyzed and compared long-term mass
    By
    Climate Research and Development Program, Land Change Science Program, Alaska Science Center

    Local topography increasingly influences the mass balance of a retreating cirque glacier

    Local topographically driven processes – such as wind drifting, avalanching, and shading – are known to alter the relationship between the mass balance of small cirque glaciers and regional climate. Yet partitioning such local effects from regional climate influence has proven difficult, creating uncertainty in the climate representativeness of some glaciers. We address this problem for Sperry Gla
    By
    Ecosystems, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center

    Pre-USGS Publications

    Florentine, C., J. Harper, J. Johnson, T. Meierbachtol. 2018. Radiostratigraphy
    reflects the present-day internal flow field in the ablation zone of western
    Greenland Ice Sheet. Frontiers in Earth Science 6, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00044
    Florentine, C., M. Skidmore, M. Speece, C. Link, C. Shaw. 2014. Surface morphology
    and internal deformation at Lone Peak rock glacier, Big Sky, Montana, USA.
    Journal of Glaciology 60, 453-462. https://doi.org/10.3189/2014JoG13J160
  • News
    link

    Friday's Findings - November 5 2021

    What is a glacier? Defining ice dynamic thresholds for regional assessments of glacier mass change

    Date: November 5, 2021 from 2-2:30 p.m. eastern time...

    Read Article