Images

Google Earth map showing the location of Yellowstone Caldera’s antipode, the Kerguelen Plateau in the southern Indian Ocean, and Heard and McDonald Islands, which host active volcanoes.

Surface imagery and subsurface electrical resistivity tomography results from Rosette Spring in Yellowstone’s Lower Geyser Basin. A) Site Overview: Google Earth imagery of Sentinel Meadows identifying Rosette Spring, Flat Cone, Steep Cone, and Mound Cone. Red lines denote the five parallel NW-SE electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) survey profiles.

Big Ben Volcano on Heard Island. Credit: Australian Antarctic Division (A.J. Graff).

Temperature record from Echinus Geyser outflow channel for February 6, 2026, at 8 p.m. MST to February 7, 2026, at 8 a.m. MST.  The plot shows initial baseline temperatures, then two spikes to 50 °C representing water surges, then an eruption marked by a spike to 70 °C followed by a lull to 10 °C, and finally a return to baseline.

(a) NAIP (National Agriculture Imagery Program) natural-color aerial photograph of Secret Valley Hot Springs, in the backcountry between Norris Geyser Basin and Madison Junction, from September 25, 2015, showing snow-free zone mapping based on snowy wintertime imagery from multiple years. The mapped boundaries of the thermal area are indicated by the orange out

(a) NAIP (National Agriculture Imagery Program) natural-color aerial photograph of Fern Lake, in the east part of Yellowstone National Park, from July 17, 2022, showing mapped locations of liquid water during the winter when the rest of the water body was iced over.  The mapped boundary of the lake is indicated by the orange outline, with shaded areas noting re

Map of horizontal velocities between July and December 2025 at Global Positioning System (GPS) stations P711 and NRWY (arrows and yellow circles; arrow length gives displacement rate) in the area between Norris Geyser Basin and Madison Junction. Dashed black line indicates boundary of Yellowstone Caldera and gray lines are roads.

Map of uplift as seen by interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) covering the time between October 7, 2024, and October 2, 2025 (the uplift began in July 2025) along the north rim of Yellowstone Caldera to the south of Norris Geyser Basin (NGB). 

Map of seismicity (red circles) in the Yellowstone region during 2025. Gray lines are roads, black dashed line shows the caldera boundary, Yellowstone National Park is outlined by black dot-dashed line, and gray dashed lines denote state boundaries.

Map of horizontal velocities between July and December 2025 at Global Positioning System (GPS) stations P711 and NRWY (arrows and yellow circles) in the area between Norris Geyser Basin and Madison Junction. Dashed red line indicates boundary of Yellowstone Caldera and gray lines are roads.

Plot of numbers of earthquakes per day in the immediate vicinity of the Norris Uplift Anomaly during 2024-2025.  An increase in the rate of seismicity occurred in September-December 2025, especially in November.  The largest earthquake during that time was M2.7.

The 2013–2014 Norris Geyser Basin (NGB) uplift and associated earthquakes.

Hot spring located along the trail to the Grand Prismatic Spring overlook shown before and after the Yellowstone National Park Geology Program team cleaned the feature of sticks and rocks that were thrown in by visitors.  National Park Service photos by Margery Price, July and September 2025,

Infographic showing the numbers, styles, colors, and other data regarding hats recovered from thermal areas by the Yellowstone National Park Geology Program in 2025.  Designed by Margery Price, Yellowstone National Park.

Map view of relocated Yellowstone seismicity recorded during 2008-2022, colored by time, on the left.  White line gives the outline of Yellowstone caldera. The A-A’ cross section through Yellowstone Lake is shown at the right and illustrates how seismic swarms that are distinct in time relate to one another.  Adapted from Florez and others, 2025 (

Interferogram created from satellite radar data collected on October 7, 2024, and October 2, 2025, over the Yellowstone region by the Sentinel-1 satellite system. Colored fringes indicate a change in distance (called range change) between the satellite and ground surface that is caused by surface deformation during the time spanned.

Map of seismic stations in the Yellowstone region, with numbers of channels indicated by number and sensor type by color.  Inverted triangles indicate stations operated by University of Utah Seismograph Stations (UUSS), and squares indicate stations operated by other agencies.

EarthScope engineers Brendan Hodge (left) and Lia Lajoie (right) perform upgrades at the WLWY (White Lake) continuous GPS station in Yellowstone National Park.  The white box contains the receiver, while the barrel on the ground contains batteries.  The tower holds the solar panels, as well as a cellular modem and meteorological sensors that were recently

Just some of the hats collected by the Yellowstone National Park Geology Program from sensitive thermal areas throughout the park in 2025.  National Park Service photo by Margery Price, September 3, 2025.

USGS geologist Mark Stelten collects a sample of what is potentially a newly recognized lava flow exposed along the Gibbon River. USGS photo by Nicole Thomas, September 2025.

Plot of temperatures measured by continuous loggers at Guardian Geyser (light red) and Valentine Geyser (dark red) on August 24, 2025. Activity at Guardian Geyser included episodic splashing for a few hours prior to the near-simultaneous eruptions of both geysers just after 6:30 a.m. MDT on this date.  Data collected by Mara Reed, Yellowstone National Park.