Data

This data release includes nest box field observations (N = 98 nest boxes) and avian egg tissue laboratory analyses (N = 60 eggs) collected from Lake Koocanusa (also known as Koocanusa Reservoir) and the Kootenai River Basin, Montana, 2022-2023. Nest box field observation data (occupancy rate, clutch size, and hatching success) and avian eggs were collected by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife...

This data release includes laboratory analyses for spider tissue samples collected from 20 sites in riparian areas along streams in the upper Clark Fork Basin in western Montana during July 2023. Samples were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the University of Connecticut. Analyses include 56 elements, percent moisture, and nitrogen and carbon isotopes in...

This data release contains peak-flow frequency analyses for selected streamgages in Lincoln County, Montana, along with information documenting the input data and specifications for the analyses. The analyses were performed using the methods described by Siefken and others (2025).

This data release includes laboratory analyses for biofilm and bed-sediment samples collected from streams in the Clark Fork Basin, spanning from Butte to near Missoula, Montana. Samples were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as part of a long-term monitoring program. Biofilm samples were collected once at 19 sites...

Monthly actual ET (ETa) data estimated for the growing season (April - October) at 30-meter resolution with the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model (version 2.6) using satellite imagery obtained from Landsat 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9, and reference evapotranspiration obtained from the North America Land Data Assimilation 2 (NLDAS2) product for the Milk River basin, from...

Data release contains peak-flow frequency analyses for selected streamgages in Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming, along with information documenting the input data and specifications for the analyses. The analyses were performed using the methods described by Siefken and others (2025).

This data release contains water quality data from discrete sonde profiles taken at 10 sites on Lake Koocanusa from 2019 through 2024. The profiles include measurements of water temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, and chlorophyll relative fluorescence as well as the depth of the sonde below the water surface. These data were collected as part of a water...

The Willwood Working Group Two of Wyoming conducted an experimental sediment release from Willwood Dam from April 11-13, 2023. The experiment involved opening sluice gates at the base of Willwood Dam to draw down the dam pool which created energy to mobilize sediment deposits behind the dam. The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation released up to 4,000 cubic feet per second from Buffalo Bill Dam...

In 2023, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Riverside Energy Michigan, LLC, conducted an injection experiment to monitor the natural rate of biogenic methane generation in the Mortensen A4-24 well which was completed in the Antrim Shale and located in Antrim County, Michigan, United States of America. Approximately 20 barrels (bbl) of produced water was pumped from the well...

With the Surface-Water Index of Permanence (SWIPe) we provide a standardized metric for describing one- to five-year anomalies of the annual minimum surface-water extent of streams and wetlands for multiple spatial scales including basin (4-digit hydrologic unit codes [HUCs]) to subwatersheds (12-digit HUCs). Drier conditions are represented by negative SWIPE values that range from 0 to...

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Wyoming Water Development Office, developed streamflow statistics for active (through September 30, 2021) and discontinued USGS streamgages in and near Wyoming with 10 or more years of daily mean streamflow record. Streamflow at each streamgage was assessed for degree of human alteration owing to dams and diversions before...

This data release includes SnowModel output for three headwater study areas in Colorado at seven spatial resolutions and from two forcing datasets over a 40-year period from water year 1980 to 2019. The resolutions include 30 m, 50 m, 100 m, 150 m, 250 m, 500 m, and 1,000 m. The model was run with a 3-hour temporal resolution from September 1, 1980 to August 31, 2019. Two meteorology...