LeAnn White is the Deputy Center Director at USGS National Wildlife Health Center.
She received a PhD in Infectious Diseases and Pathology and a MPH in Epidemiology from the University of Florida. She joined USGS in 2009 as a Field Epidemiologist and studied the ecology of diseases in multiple systems with field work focuses on double-crested cormorants and sea otters. From 2014-2020 she served as Chief of the Wildlife Epidemiology and Emerging Diseases Branch and broadened her focus to include development of standards for wildlife disease data and the use of social sciences to influence conservation action. As Deputy Center Director she oversees the center’s Communication and Knowledge Mobilization group and assists with implementation of the center’s new Strategic Science Plan.
Professional Experience
2020-Present Deputy Center Directory, USGS National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, WI
2014-2020 Branch Chief, Wildlife Epidemiology and Emerging Diseases, USGS National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, WI
2009-14 Wildlife Epidemiologist, USGS National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, WI
2009 Wildlife Specialist, USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services, Indiana
2008-09 Pre-doctoral NIH/NIAID NSRA T32 fellow, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
2005-08 Research Assistant, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
2003-08 Biological Scientist, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
2003 Research Technician, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Gainesville, FL
1999-03 Research Assistant, Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
1998 Supervised Researcher, Department of Aquatic Toxicology, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, VA
Education and Certifications
2009-Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
2009-Master of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida
2003-Master of Science, Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida
1998-Bachelor of Science in Biology. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA
Science and Products
Application of a systems approach for management of chronic wasting disease
Integrating Science and Management to Assist with the Response to Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease
Epidemiological Services
Avian Influenza Surveillance
Research in response to Florida’s emerging coral disease
Transforming Biosurveillance by Standardizing and Serving 40 Years of Wildlife Disease Data
Avian Influenza
Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) Surveillance
Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal)
Human Influenza Virus Infects Sea Otters
Northern Sea Otter Aging Criteria: data
Dataset: Mortality trends in the Washington population of northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) during 20022015
Natural infections with Pigeon Paramyxovirus-1: Pathologic changes in Eurasian collared-doves (Streptopelia decaocto) and rock pigeons (Columba livia) in the USA: Data
Wildlife health surveillance: Gaps, needs and opportunities
Population Monitoring
WHISPers—Providing situational awareness of wildlife disease threats to the Nation—A fact sheet for the biosurveillance community
An ecological and conservation perspective
Canine distemper virus in the sea otter population (Enhydra lutris) in Washington State, USA
Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) not detected in an intensive survey of wild North American amphibians
Ecological forecasting—21st century science for 21st century management
Natural resource managers are coping with rapid changes in both environmental conditions and ecosystems. Enabled by recent advances in data collection and assimilation, short-term ecological forecasting may be a powerful tool to help resource managers anticipate impending near-term changes in ecosystem conditions or dynamics. Managers may use the information in forecasts to minimize the adverse ef
Successful molecular detection studies require clear communication among diverse research partners
Multi-decade mortality and a novel homolog of hepatitis C virus in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), the national bird of the USA
One Health: A perspective from wildlife and environmental health sectors
Quarterly wildlife mortality report April 2019
Response to “Prepublication communication of research results”: The need for a coordinated wildlife disease surveillance laboratory network
Non-USGS Publications**
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
Science and Products
- Science
Application of a systems approach for management of chronic wasting disease
Managing chronic wasting disease (CWD) involves more than understanding the ecology of the disease. It includes complex relationships among social, economic, and political factors that affect intervention opportunities, consequences for stakeholders, and ultimately disease outcomes. The USGS National Wildlife Health Center, Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, Ventana Systems, Inc., and the...Integrating Science and Management to Assist with the Response to Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease
A USGS multi-disciplinary team will use laboratory and modeling approaches to investigate the cause of stony coral tissue loss disease.Epidemiological Services
Professionals at the NWHC include wildlife biologists, veterinarians, statisticians, epidemiologists, and informatics specialists. This multidisciplinary group conducts investigations and disease ecology studies of emerging and recurring priority wildlife diseases, maintains and analyzes comprehensive information on wildlife disease events, and provides response and management consultation and...Avian Influenza Surveillance
The USGS National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) conducts surveillance in wild birds to facilitate early detection and situational awareness for high consequence pathogens, including highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses.Research in response to Florida’s emerging coral disease
Coral reefs are both ecologically and economically important, serving as nurseries for fisheries, protecting the coastline from storm surges, and generating income from tourism. Since 2014, a wide variety of corals have been dying from unexplained causes throughout South Florida with mortalities ranging from North Miami to the Florida Keys.Transforming Biosurveillance by Standardizing and Serving 40 Years of Wildlife Disease Data
Over the past 40 years the National Wildlife Health center has collected wildlife health information from around the U.S. and beyond, amassing the world’s largest repository of wildlife-disease surveillance data. This project identified, characterized, and documented NWHC’s locally stored wildlife health datasets, a critical first step to migrating them to new laboratory- and public-facing data sAvian Influenza
Avian influenza is a viral disease caused by various strains of avian influenza viruses that can be classified as low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) or highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). It remains a global disease with potential high consequence with the potential to threaten wildlife, agriculture, and human health.Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) Surveillance
Scientists of the USGS National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) in collaboration with partners have developed risk assessments for Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) in the United States and have begun sampling high-risk locations for the fungus.Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal)
Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) is an emerging pathogen capable of causing significant morbidity and mortality in salamanders.Human Influenza Virus Infects Sea Otters
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, have discovered evidence of the same influenza virus (H1N1) in sea otters living off the coast of Washington State that caused the 2009 "swine flu" pandemic in humans. During a sea otter health monitoring projectconducted in 2011, researchers discovered antibodies for the pandemic 2009... - Data
Northern Sea Otter Aging Criteria: data
Measurement of skull ossification patterns is a standard method for aging various mammalian species and has been used to age Russian, Californian, and Alaskan sea otter populations. Cementum annuli counts have also been verified as an accurate aging method for the Alaskan sea otter population. In this study, cementum annuli count results and skull ossification patterns were compared as methods fDataset: Mortality trends in the Washington population of northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) during 20022015
These data document cause of death determination for stranded otters salvaged from the coast of Washington state and northern Oregon for post-mortem analysis.Natural infections with Pigeon Paramyxovirus-1: Pathologic changes in Eurasian collared-doves (Streptopelia decaocto) and rock pigeons (Columba livia) in the USA: Data
We reviewed pathological findings and to a lesser extent epidemiological data from 70 free-ranging columbiforms naturally infected with Pigeon paramyxovirus-1 (PPMV-1) from 25 different PPMV-1 mortality events in columbiforms in the USA. In a subset of 17 birds from 10 of the studied outbreaks, we carried out immunohistochemistry targeting PPMV-1 nucleoprotein to determine the tissue distribution - Multimedia
- Publications
Filter Total Items: 51
Wildlife health surveillance: Gaps, needs and opportunities
Disease emergence represent a global threat for public health, economy, and biological conservation and most of the emerging diseases have zoonotic origin from wildlife. To prevent their spread and to support the implementation of control measures, disease surveillance and reporting systems are needed, and due to globalisation, these activities should be carried at world level. To define the mainAuthorsM. Delgado, N. Ferrari, A. Fanelli, S. Muset, L. Thompson, Jonathan M. Sleeman, C. LeAnn White, Daniel P. Walsh, C. Wannous, P. TizzaniPopulation Monitoring
No abstract available.AuthorsJ. Joshua Nowak, Mark A. Hurley, Paul M Lukacs, Daniel P. Walsh, C. LeAnn WhiteWHISPers—Providing situational awareness of wildlife disease threats to the Nation—A fact sheet for the biosurveillance community
Solutions for emerging infectious disease and bioterror threats can be improved by incorporating integrated biodefense strategies, including improved surveillance for animal and zoonotic diseases, strong national leadership, and effective management tools. Active biosurveillance for disease events is key to early detection, warning, and overall situational awareness and enables better communicatioAuthorsBryan J. Richards, Kimberli J. Miller, C. LeAnn WhiteAn ecological and conservation perspective
Natural ecosystems are facing unprecedented threats which directly threaten human well-being through decreases in critical ecosystem services (IPBES 2019). The top five drivers causing the largest global impacts to biodiversity and ecosystem services include: 1) changes in land and sea use; 2) direct exploitation of organisms; 3) climate change; 4) pollution, and 5) invasive alien species (IPBES 2AuthorsC. LeAnn White, Julia S. Lankton, Daniel P. Walsh, Jonathan M. Sleeman, Craig StephenCanine distemper virus in the sea otter population (Enhydra lutris) in Washington State, USA
Before 2001, all serosurveys for morbilliviruses in sea otters (Enhydra lutris) in California, Washington, and Alaska, USA, documented a 0% seroprevalence. The first published serologic detections of morbillivirus in sea otters occurred in 2001–02 in live-captured Washington sea otters, with a documented 80% seroprevalence. We conducted a retrospective study of sea otter cases from 1989 to 2010 coAuthorsNancy Thomas, C. LeAnn White, Jeremiah Saliki, Krysten L. Schuler, Deanna Lynch, Ole Nielsen, J.P. Dubey, Susan KnowlesBatrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) not detected in an intensive survey of wild North American amphibians
The salamander chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans [Bsal]) is causing massive mortality of salamanders in Europe. The potential for spread via international trade into North America and the high diversity of salamanders has catalyzed concern about Bsal in the U.S. Surveillance programs for invading pathogens must initially meet challenges that include low rates of occurrence on the lAuthorsHardin Waddle, Daniel A. Grear, Brittany Mosher, Evan H. Campbell Grant, Michael J. Adams, Adam R. Backlin, William Barichivich, Adrianne B. Brand, Gary M. Bucciarelli, Daniel L. Calhoun, Tara Chestnut, Jon M. Davenport, Andrew E. Dietrich, Robert N. Fisher, Brad Glorioso, Brian J. Halstead, Marc P Hayes, R. Ken Honeycutt, Blake R. Hossack, Patrick M. Kleeman, Julio A. Lemos-Espinal, Jeffrey M. Lorch, Robert W. Atkinson, Erin L. Muths, Christopher Pearl, Katherine Richgels, Charles W Robinson, Mark F. Roth, Jennifer Rowe, Walter Sadinski, Brent H. Sigafus, Iga Stasiak, Samuel Sweet, Susan C. Walls, Gregory J Watkins-Colwell, C. LeAnn White, Lori A Williams, Megan E. WinzelerEcological forecasting—21st century science for 21st century management
Natural resource managers are coping with rapid changes in both environmental conditions and ecosystems. Enabled by recent advances in data collection and assimilation, short-term ecological forecasting may be a powerful tool to help resource managers anticipate impending near-term changes in ecosystem conditions or dynamics. Managers may use the information in forecasts to minimize the adverse ef
AuthorsJohn B. Bradford, Jake Weltzin, Molly L. McCormick, Jill Baron, Zack Bowen, Sky Bristol, Daren Carlisle, Theresa Crimmins, Paul C. Cross, Joe DeVivo, Mike Dietze, Mary Freeman, Jason Goldberg, Mevin Hooten, Leslie Hsu, Karen Jenni, Jennifer L. Keisman, Jonathan Kennen, Kathy Lee, David P. Lesmes, Keith Loftin, Brian W. Miller, Peter S. Murdoch, Jana Newman, Karen L. Prentice, Imtiaz Rangwala, Jordan Read, Jennifer Sieracki, Helen Sofaer, Steve Thur, Gordon Toevs, Francisco Werner, C. LeAnn White, Timothy White, Mark T. WiltermuthByEcosystems Mission Area, Water Resources Mission Area, Science Synthesis, Analysis and Research Program, Contaminant Biology, Environmental Health Program, Science Analytics and Synthesis (SAS) Program, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Fort Collins Science Center, Kansas Water Science Center, Maryland-Delaware-D.C. Water Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center, New Jersey Water Science Center, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Southwest Biological Science Center, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Upper Midwest Water Science CenterSuccessful molecular detection studies require clear communication among diverse research partners
Molecular detection techniques are powerful tools used in ecological applications ranging from diet analyses to pathogen surveillance. Research partnerships that use these tools often involve collaboration among professionals with expertise in field biology, laboratory techniques, quantitative modeling, wildlife disease, and natural resource management. However, in many cases, each of these collabAuthorsB. A. Mosher, R. F. Bernard, Jeffrey M. Lorch, D. A. W. Miller, Katherine L. D. Richgels, C. LeAnn White, Evan H. Campbell GrantMulti-decade mortality and a novel homolog of hepatitis C virus in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), the national bird of the USA
The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) once experienced near-extinction but has since rebounded. For decades, bald eagles near the Wisconsin River, USA, have experienced a lethal syndrome with characteristic clinical and pathological features but unknown etiology. Here, we describe a novel hepacivirus-like virus (Flaviviridae: Hepacivirus) identified during an investigation of Wisconsin River eAuthorsTony L. Golberg, Samuel D. Sibley, Marie E. Pinkerton, Christopher D. Dunn, Lindsey Long, C. LeAnn White, Sean M. StromOne Health: A perspective from wildlife and environmental health sectors
Loss of biodiversity, habitat fragmentation and pollution, and subsequent degradation of natural environments threaten the range of ecosystem services that support all life on this planet. These changes, among others, are also driving the emergence of infectious diseases, with negative health outcomes for humans, animals, and our shared environment. Historically, interventions aimed at human and aAuthorsJonathan M. Sleeman, Katherine L. D. Richgels, C. LeAnn White, C. StephenQuarterly wildlife mortality report April 2019
No abstract available.AuthorsBryan J. Richards, Daniel A. Grear, C. LeAnn White, Thierry M. Work, Emily A UnderwoodResponse to “Prepublication communication of research results”: The need for a coordinated wildlife disease surveillance laboratory network
In “Prepublication Communication of Research Results”, Adams et al. (2018) outline the importance of timeliness in providing scientific results with consequential implications for wildlife management to responsible government agencies. The authors discuss various impediments to sharing of scientific results and provide well-reasoned arguments why scientists should not fear that sharing these resulAuthorsJonathan M. Sleeman, David S. Blehert, Katherine L. D. Richgels, C. LeAnn WhiteNon-USGS Publications**
Vincent, CR, Thomas, TL, Reyes, L, White, CL, Canales, BK, Brown, MB. 2013. Symptoms and risk factors associated with first UTI in college-aged women: A prospective cohort study. Journal of Urology. 189: 904-910.Wendland, LD, Wooding, J, White, CL, Demcovitz, D, Littell, R, Diemer Berish, J, Ozgul, A, Oli, MA, Klein, PA, Christman, MC, Brown, MB. 2010. Social behavior drives the dynamics of respiratory disease in threatened tortoises. Ecology 91: 1257-1262.Abbot, JR, White, CL, Davis BS. 2008. Praxelis clematidea (Asteraceae), a genus and species new for the Flora of North America. Botanical Research Institute of Texas 2: 621-626.White, CL, Main, MB. 2005. Waterbird use of created wetlands in golf-course landscapes. Wildlife Society Bulletin 33: 411-421.White, CL, Frederick, PC, Main, MB, Rodgers, JA, Jr. 2005. Nest island creation for waterbirds. Circular No. 1473/WEC Series. Florida Cooperative Extension Service. Institute of Food and Agricultural Health. University of Florida.
White, CL, Main, MB. 2004. Habitat value of golf course wetlands to waterbirds. USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research On-line 3(16):1-10.White, CL, Main, MB. 2002. Wildlife in urban landscapes: waterbirds and golf course ponds. Series No. WEC188. Florida Cooperative Extension Service. Institute of Food and Agricultural Health. University of Florida.**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
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